HomeMy WebLinkAboutCLK 03-25
Report to Council
Report Number : CLK 03-25
Date: July 15, 2025
From: Paul Bigioni
Director, Corporate Services & City Solicitor
Subject: 2025 Ward Boundary Review
Re-evaluation Report from Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
File: A-2000
Recommendation:
1. That the 2025 Ward Boundary Review Re-evaluation Report, prepared by Watson &
Associates Economists Ltd. dated July 15, 2025, provided as Attachment 1 to Report
CLK 03-25, be received;
2. That Final Option A, as outlined in the Ward Boundary Review Re-evaluation Report, for
the City of Pickering be approved;
3. That the draft By -law included as A ttachment 3 to this report be approved and enacted;
4. That staff be directed to present a Ward Boundary Review Policy for Council’s
consideration during the 2026-2030 Term of Council; and,
5. That appropriate City of Pickering officials be authorized to take the actions necessary to
give effect to this report.
Executive Summary: The purpose of this report is to respond to Resolution #654/25
adopted at the January 27, 2025 Council meeting (Attachment 2). Resolution #654/25 directed
the City Clerk to engage the services of Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. in association
with Dr. Robert J. Williams (the “Consultants”) to reconsider the findings of the 2020/2021
Ward Boundary Review dated June, 2021, based on updated population data, and to make
recommendations on any appropriate adjustments to the ward boundaries set out in By -law
7875/21. The Consultants have now completed their independent re-evaluation of the findings
of the 2021 Ward Boundary Review . The Consultants’ re-evaluation and recommendations are
set out in their Ward Boundary Review Re-evaluation Report dated July 15, 2025 (Attachment
1).
Relationship to the Pickering Strategic Plan: The recommendations in this report respond
to the Pickering Strategic Plan Priority of Foster an Engaged and Informed Community.
Financial Implications: Resolution #654/25 approved the payment of up to $35,000.00 plus
applicable taxes for the re-evaluation review and provided that such costs were to be funded
from Contingency Account 503500.1100. Costs of $17,695.60 have been incurred to date,
CLK 03-25 July 15, 2025
Page 2
however the final invoice for the work undertaken has not been received as of the time of
writing this report.
Discussion: The purpose of this report is to respond to Resolution #654/25 adopted at the
January 27, 2025 Council meeting (Attachment 2). Resolution #654/25 directed the City Clerk
to engage the services of the Consultants to reconsider the findings of the 2020/2021 Ward
Boundary Review dated June, 2021, based on updated population data, and to make
recommendations on any appropriate adjustments to the ward boundaries set out in By -law
7875/21.
A. 2021 Ward Boundary Review
After a comprehensive Ward Boundary Review, and a subsequent petition submitted by
residents of the City of Pickering, on August 30, 2021, Council adopt ed new ward boundaries
which are set out in By -law 7875/21. By -law 7875/21 was appealed to the Ontario Land
Tribunal (“OLT”) and although the appeal was withdrawn, the deadline for the new ward
boundaries to take effect for the 2022 Municipal E lection was not met in accordance with the
requirements of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 25 (the “Act”). As a result, the new ward
boundaries in By -law 7875/21 would take effect for the 2026 Municipal Election unless
otherwise amended in accordance with the Act.
The purpose of the Consultants’ re-evaluation was to determine whether the ward boundaries
contained in By -law 7875/21 are still considered appropriate, given that actual population
growth has varied from the population growth estimates in the 2021 rev iew .
In accordance with Resolution #654/25, the same Consultants who conducted the 2021 review
were engaged once again to conduct an independent review of the 2021 w ard boundaries to
ensure that the same guiding principles used in 2021 were consistently applied.
B. 2025 Ward Boundary Review: Public Engagement
Recognizing the importance of public engagement for this initiative, the City follow ed a robust
public engagement plan to garner public input for the 2025 Ward Boundary Re-Evaluation
Review. Below are the various engagement methods used for this purpose:
• publication of a dedicated webpage with updated information on the new Review (March
2025);
• whiteboard animation video to provide education on the new 2025 Ward Boundary
Review process (March 2025);
• displays on all of the City’s digital signs to promote the dedicated webpage, public
consultation sessions, and the public consultation survey (March – May 2025);
• regular posts and promotion on all City and Pickering Library social media platforms
(Facebook, X, Instagram);
• m edia release to kick -off the promotion of the in-person public consultation sessions
(April 2025);
• email blasts to the City’s Advisory Committees, Boards, and Taskforces (April 2025);
CLK 03-25 July 15, 2025
Page 3
• email blasts to community groups, ActiveNet registered program users, and Ratepayer
Associations (April 2025);
• information sheets placed at front counters at City Hall and the City’s Libraries
advertising the public consultation sessions and the survey (April – May 2025);
• email blasts to interested parties for the 2025 Ward Boundary Review (April 2025);
• distribution of information sheets on the public consultation sessions and the survey
during visits through the Library’s bookmobile into Seaton and Greenwood areas (May
2025);
• in-person public consultation sessions – two held on May 1, 2025 at the Chestnut Hill
Developments Recreation Complex -Lobby and May 14, 2025, at the Dr. Nelson F.
Tomlinson Community Centre – Lions Meeting Room from 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm (May
2025);
• public consultation survey (May 2025); and
• display of the information boards presented at the public consultation sessions at City
Hall and the Library (May 2025).
C. Consultant’s Recommended Option: Final Option A
As a result of the R eview , the Consultants have included two “adjusted” ward boundary options
being Final Option A (the recommended option) and Final Option B.
Final Option A involves two changes to the existing ward system, starting with moving a
portion of the proposed Ward 1/Ward 3 boundary south from Concession 3 to the Canadian
Pacific rail line, to keep the Cherrywood community, a community of interest, in the same
ward. Final Option A also includes modifications that would incorporate the Duffin Heights and
Brock Ridge urban neighbourhoods into the proposed Ward 3. It also proposes moving the
boundary between the proposed Wards 1 and 2 from Dixie Road back to Fairport R oad, which
has served as the boundary between those wards since 1982.
Final Option B involves only one change to the existing ward system, namely moving a portion
of the proposed Ward 1/Ward 3 boundary south from Concession 3 to the Canadian Pacific rail
line to keep the Cherrywood community, a community of interest, in the same ward.
D. Next Steps
Should Council dec ide to change to the ward boundaries by adopting Final Option A, it will
need to enact the draft By-law set out in Attachment 3. In accordance with Section 222 of the
Act, notice of the passing of the by -law must be given to the public within 15 days specifying
the last date for filing a notice of appeal to the OLT. If no appeals are filed within 45 days of
passage, the by-law comes into force on the day the new Council of the municipality is
organized following the 2026 Municipal Election and the 2026 election shall be conducted as if
the by -law was already in force.
Should Council enac t the attached draft By -law at the July 15, 2025 Special C ouncil Meeting,
the deadline for appeals would be August 29, 2025.
CLK 03-25 July 15, 2025
Page 4
The Consultants’ Report recommends Final O ption A , and sets out the reasons for that
recommendation. Council m ay therefore choose to:
• adopt Final O ption A;
• adopt Final O ption B, (not recommended by the Consultants); or
• adopt neither Final O ption A nor Final O ption B and retain the existing ward boundaries
set out in By -law 7875/21.
It should be noted that should Council c hoose Final O ption B, an amendment would be
required to the attached draft By -law prior to its adoption.
The Consultants have also recommended the adoption of a Ward Boundary Review Policy.
Such Policy would trigger subsequent ward boundary reviews in future terms of Council i f
population thresholds are outside of the optimal r ange. Given the anticipated growth in the City
over the next ten years, having a Ward Boundary Review Policy in place would allow staff to
engage the appropriate consulting services to periodically review population data to ensure
that the wards remain balanced from an effective representation standpoint. Staff are therefore
seeking Council’s approval to undertake the creation of a Ward Boundary Review Policy which
would be brought to Council for approval in the 2026-2030 Term.
Attachments:
1. 2025 Ward Boundary Review Re-Evaluation Report
2. Resolution #654/25
3. Draft By -law
Prepared By: Approved/Endorsed By:
Original Signed By: Original Signed By:
Susan Cassel Paul B igioni
City Clerk Director, Corporate Services & City
Solicitor
Original Signed By:
Rumali P erera
Deputy Clerk
SC:rp
CLK 03-25 July 15, 2025
Page 5
Recommended for the consideration
of Pickering City Council
Original Signed By:
Marisa Carpino, M.A.
Chief Administrative Officer
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
905-272-3600
July 15 2025 info@watsonecon.ca
In association with: Dr. Robert J. Williams
2025 Ward Boundary Review
City of Pickering
________________________
Re-Evaluation Report
Attachment 1 to Report CLK 03-25
Table of Contents
Page
1. Introduction and Study Objectives ................................................................... 1
2. Context ................................................................................................................ 2
3. Existing Population and Forecast Growth in the City of Pickering ................ 6
3.1 Existing Population .................................................................................... 6
3.2 Forecast Population Growth, 2024 to 2035 ................................................ 7
4. Public Engagement ............................................................................................ 8
4.1.1 Website ......................................................................................... 9
4.1.2 Surveys ....................................................................................... 10
4.1.3 Social Media Engagement .......................................................... 11
4.2 Public Consultation Sessions ................................................................... 11
5. Principles .......................................................................................................... 12
6. Pickering’s “Existing Ward Structure” ........................................................... 12
6.1 The “Existing Ward Structure” Reconsidered ........................................... 13
6.2 Other 2021 Final Options Reconsidered .................................................. 16
7. Final Options 2025 ............................................................................................ 22
7.1 Final Option A .......................................................................................... 23
7.2 Final Option B .......................................................................................... 26
8. Next Steps and Council Decisions .................................................................. 30
Appendix A Public Engagement Information Boards ........................................... A-1
Appendix B Survey Results .................................................................................... B-1
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
1. Introduction and Study Objectives
The City of Pickering has retained Watson & Associates Economists Ltd., in association
with Dr. Robert J. Williams, hereinafter referred to as the Consultant Team, to conduct a
re-evaluation of the City’s approved ward boundaries before the 2026 municipal
election.
The primary purpose of the study is to prepare Pickering Council to make a decision
related to modifying the ward structure adopted in 2021 through By-law 7875/21, should
the review determine that the adopted boundaries are no longer relevant and equitable
from an effective representation perspective.
This re-evaluation included:
• Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the ward system adopted in 2021
based on identified guiding principles.
• Conducting an appropriate consultation process in accordance with Pickering’s
public engagement practices to ensure community support for the review and its
outcome.
• Identifying plausible modifications to the existing (2026 approved) ward structure
based on the guiding principles adopted for the design of the wards established
through By-law 7875/21;
• Determining whether the approved wards provide equitable and effective
representation, meeting the guiding principles based on updated population
projection data;
• Reviewing objections to By-law 7875/21 filed with the Ontario Land Tribunal in
November 2021; and
• Delivering a report that will set out recommended ward boundaries to ensure
effective and equitable electoral arrangements for Pickering.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 1
This report provides Pickering Council with the findings of the re-evaluation and
recommends an alternative ward boundary option for 2026.
2. Context
Pickering Council comprises seven members, consisting of a mayor, who is elected at-
large, and six councillors, two of whom (one City councillor and one Regional councillor)
are elected in each of the three wards.
The current Consultant Team undertook a comprehensive Ward Boundary Review for
the City of Pickering ahead of the 2022 municipal election and, in June 2021, presented
four options to “re-divide” the City into wards. Pickering Council initially opted to make
no change to the then-existing ward configuration (see Figure 1); however, in response
to a petition submitted under section 223 (1) of the Municipal Act, 2001, Council passed
By-law 7875/21 to “re-divide” the City into wards (see Figure 2) in August 2021 to take
effect for the 2022 municipal election. Subsequently, By-law 7875/21 was appealed to
the Ontario Land Tribunal under section 222 (4) of the Municipal Act, 2001 but was
withdrawn after the deadline for new boundaries to take effect for the 2022 municipal
election. As a result, the 2022 election was conducted using the previous ward
configuration (Figure 1) but the wards described in By-law 7875/21 (Figure 2) are now
operative for the 2026 municipal election, unless amended under the provisions of the
Municipal Act, 2001.
On January 27, 2025, Council passed a resolution to “reconsider the findings” of the
2021 Ward Boundary Review, taking into account recent population changes and
updated population projections with new information available, “to ascertain whether
these boundaries are still relevant and equitable from an effective representation
perspective.”[1] In light of this resolution, plus changes in the housing market, provincial
policy initiatives, and other external factors, as well as the appeal submitted to the
Ontario Land Tribunal in 2021, this re-evaluation will offer possible modifications to the
ward configuration set out in By-law 7875/21.
Detailed background on the Pickering electoral system was included in reports prepared
during the previous Ward Boundary Review and will not be repeated herein. All reports
[1] Council Resolution #654/25, January 27, 2025.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 2
are still available on the City’s project website for residents to read as background to
this re-evaluation at www.pickering.ca/wardboundaries.
When the City of Pickering was created, the population was less than 40,000; in 2020 it
was approximately 100,000 and was forecast to grow by a further 58,000 by 2030. As
anticipated in Pickering Council’s 2025 resolution, the population change from 2020 to
2024 has resulted in a population of approximately 118,250 in 2024. The updated
population estimated derived for 2024 was completed through a review building permit
activity from 2021 to the end of 2023 that were provided by City staff. A revised
population forecast was then prepared through this re-evaluation report, in accordance
with the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020) less the growth
allocation for Northeast Pickering, resulting in a forecasted population that is expected
to reach approximately 168,000 by 2035.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 3
Figure 2-1
City of Pickering
Ward Structure – 1982 to 2021
Note: The 2022-2026 Pickering Council was elected in this ward
configuration.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 4
Figure 2-2
City of Pickering
Ward Structure (By-law 7875/21) (Final Option 2),
hereinafter referred to as the “existing ward structure”
Note: Unless modified, the 2026-2030 Pickering Council will be elected in these
wards.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 5
Population growth has not been distributed evenly across the City, with future increases
expected to be concentrated in northern areas (Seaton) – historically and currently part
of Ward 3 – and in the downtown core, primarily within the boundaries of the former and
current Ward 2. The net result is that population data collected for both the 2021 Ward
Boundary Review and this 2025 ward boundary re-evaluation indicate that the existing
population in the approved 2026 three-ward configuration is significantly unbalanced but
the wards are expected to grow closer to parity with the advancement of the Seaton
development by 2035.
3. Existing Population and Forecast Growth in the
City of Pickering
One of the basic premises of representative democracy in Canada is the expectation
that the geographic areas used to elect a representative are reasonably balanced with
one another in terms of population. Accordingly, a detailed population estimate for the
City of Pickering, including its constituent wards and communities, was prepared during
the previous Ward Boundary Review to allow evaluation of the then-existing ward
structure and subsequent alternatives in terms of representation by population.
Pickering Council’s 2025 resolution to “reconsider the findings” from the 2021 Ward
Boundary Review directs the Consultant Team to incorporate population changes since
that time and revised population projections for the next decade into an evaluation of
the ward configuration adopted in By-law 7875/21.
3.1 Existing Population
Since the City’s existing wards were established in 1974, the population of Pickering
has increased by approximately 150%.
As mentioned, this study needs to look at both the existing and future population
distribution. A 2024 population estimate was derived by utilizing the 2021 Census and a
review of building permit activity provided by City staff. Pickering’s estimated 2024
population is 118,250.
The 2024 base population was developed at a sub-municipal level, allowing the
Consultant Team to aggregate these blocks to determine populations for existing and
alternative ward options. As addressed in previously prepared reports, the wards
adopted in 2021 still do not represent Pickering in an equitable way since one of the
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 6
three wards (Ward 1) is home to about 45% of the City’s population as presented in
Table 3-1.
Table 3-1
City of Pickering
2024 Population by “Existing” Ward (By-law 7875/21)
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range*
Ward 1 52,632 1.34 OR+
Ward 2 44,984 1.14 O+
Ward 3 20,639 0.52 OR-
Total 118,255 --
Average 39,418 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated
May 26, 2020) by Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
*See Table 6-1 for more details on the Optimal Range Calculation.
3.2 Forecast Population Growth, 2024 to 2035
In response to Pickering Council’s resolution, the Consultant Team also prepared a
City-wide population forecast for the 2024 to 2035 period that is consistent with the City
of Pickering’s latest growth projections and the Region of Durham Official Plan (less the
growth allocation for Northeast Pickering). Community level growth allocations were
guided by a comprehensive review of opportunities to accommodate future residential
growth through plans of subdivision (registered unbuilt, draft approved, and proposed),
and site plan applications.
By 2035, Pickering’s population is anticipated to grow by approximately 50,000, bringing
the total population (including undercount) to approximately 166,150, an increase of
over 40%. Most of this growth is anticipated to occur north of the current urban
neighbourhoods and within the Seaton Lands south of Highway 7, and through
intensification in the form of high-density developments within the urban core.
The development of the Seaton Lands will change the landscape of Pickering from a
southern urbanized City with a sparse northern rural community to a fully developed
City south of Highway 7. Moreover, the growth in Seaton is anticipated to occur rapidly
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 7
over the next 10 years. The anticipated population growth to 2035 was identified at a
small geographic unit level and is presented by the existing ward structure in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2
City of Pickering
2035 Population by “Existing” Ward (By-law 7875/21)
Ward
Number
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range*
Ward 1 55,638 0.99 O
Ward 2 50,094 0.89 O-
Ward 3 62,420 1.11 O+
Total 168,152 --
Average 56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated
May 26, 2020) by Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
*See Table 6-1 for more details on the Optimal Range Calculation.
4. Public Engagement
The 2025 Ward Boundary Review employed a comprehensive public engagement
strategy, in which the Consultant Team solicited feedback from staff, Pickering Council,
and citizens of the City of Pickering through a variety of methods:
• Online engagement through surveys, social media outreach, and a public-facing
website;
• Public consultation sessions; and
• Interviews with members of Pickering Council, the Mayor, and key members of
staff.
The public engagement component of this study was delivered in person and was
designed to:
• Inform the residents of Pickering about the reasons for the re-evaluation and the
key factors that were considered in the review; and
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 8
• Engage the residents in a manner that provides valuable input to the re-
evaluation of the existing system (2026 approved boundaries) and the
development of alternative ward boundaries.
Two in-person consultation sessions were conducted on May 1 and May 14, 2025. The
Consultant Team’s information boards can be found in Appendix A and other
information about the review is available on the City’s project website:
www.pickering.ca/wardboundaries.
Through the public consultation sessions and survey, participants were invited to
provide their input and opinions with respect to the existing (2026 approved) ward
system, including utilizing Concession 3 Road as a north/south divider, and Dixie Road
or Fairport Road as east/west dividers.
The feedback and comments collected through the public consultation process are
reflected in the analysis presented below and have helped inform the two final options
to be presented to Pickering Council. While public input from consultation provides
some valuable insight into the review, it is not relied on exclusively. The Consultant
Team utilized the public input in conjunction with its professional expertise and
experience in ward boundary reviews, along with best practices, to develop the options
presented throughout the two ward boundary reviews.
In addition to the public engagement, it was crucial for the Consultant Team to benefit
from the perspectives of Members of Council. Therefore, the Consultant Team, in
coordination with the City Clerk, conducted a series of virtual interviews with the Mayor
and Members of Pickering Council. These interviews were used to explain the process
to be followed by the Consultant Team, to gather observations from Members of Council
about the By-law 7875/21 wards (the approved wards to be in effect for the 2026
election) and tentative adjustments to those wards in keeping with Council Resolution
#654/25.
4.1.1 Website
A new public-facing web page was established to raise awareness about the 2025 Ward
Boundary Review, to disseminate information about the process and to give Pickering
residents an opportunity to provide feedback. Through this platform, residents could
access an online survey, review background material from 2021, including the Interim
and Final Reports to Council, view adjusted ward boundary options in response to
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 9
Council Resolution #654/25, and provide feedback directly to staff and the Consultant
Team. A purpose-built Whiteboard Animation Video was also posted on the web page,
which distilled some key information about the Ward Boundary Review into an
accessible format.
Engagement with the City of Pickering’s online tools and Ward Boundary Review
website was excellent. Through March 18, 2025, to May 25, 2025, the City’s website
had received over 1,250 views, and 960 active users.
4.1.2 Surveys
The survey was open from May 1 to May 25, 2025, and resulted in 129 responses. In
summary, residents were divided when asked if using Concession Road 3 as the
north/south boundary between Wards 1 and 2 and Ward 3 made sense, recognizing
that this boundary would split some communities into multiple wards. Specifically, 45%
answered no, 40% answered yes, and 14% were unsure. Similarly, respondents were
divided when asked if using Dixie Road as the east/west boundary between Wards 1
and 2 made sense (resulting in some population imbalances), with 43% believing that it
does make sense, 37% believing it does not make sense, and 20% were unsure.
When asked which ward the Cherrywood community is more affiliated with, 58%
indicated that Cherrywood is more affiliated with Ward 3, while 22% indicated that it is
more affiliated with Ward 1, and 20% were unsure. As for the community north of Finch
Avenue along Brock Road, 58% of respondents believed that it is more affiliated with
Ward 2 (urban Pickering), 35% of respondents believed it is more affiliated with Ward 3
(rural Pickering), and 7% did not know. Lastly, when asked if moving the approved
boundary line between Ward 1 and 2 from Dixie Road West to Fairport Road made
sense to address population imbalances, opinions were split. Specifically, 30% believe
that both roads are an acceptable divide, 28% believe that Fairport Road is an
acceptable divider, and 24% believe that Dixie Road, as approved in 2021, should
remain as the Ward 1 and 2 boundary. Please see Appendix B for more details.
In interpreting these results, it is important to highlight that this survey does not
constitute a representative sampling of the population and is by no means a scientific
assessment of public preferences. The level of participation in the surveys, relative to
Pickering’s population, was low and not randomly selected. Additionally, more than half
of respondents (61%) were from Ward 3, and it should be noted that some of the survey
results could reflect the opinion of specific communities. The survey was nevertheless
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 10
a source of insight for the Consultant Team but should be viewed as one of several
resources informing the Consultant Team’s determination of the options presented
throughout the two ward boundary reviews.
4.1.3 Social Media Engagement
Social media are effective platforms for disseminating information about the Ward
Boundary Review to the public and were used extensively in the 2021 Ward Boundary
Review as well as in 2025. This approach was crucial in 2021 since all public
consultation was conducted virtually in the wake of public health restrictions during the
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Notices were also posted on X, Facebook, and Instagram, raising awareness and
directing the public to the feedback survey. In total, 2 posts were made on X with 562
views; 7 posts were made on Facebook, generating 18,539 impressions and receiving
136 reactions, 63 shares, and 220 link clicks; and 9 posts were made on Instagram,
generating 13,353 views and receiving 69 likes, 2 saves, 15 shares, and 22 profile
visits.
4.2 Public Consultation Sessions
The Consultant Team held two public consultation sessions with Pickering residents in
May 2025, one at Chestnut Hill Developments Recreation Complex (1867 Valley Farm
Road, Pickering) and the other at Dr. Nelson F. Tomlinson Community Centre (4941
Old Brock Road, Claremont). The format for these two in-person sessions involved
placing display boards where they would attract the attention of passers-by already on
site, as well as those who learned about the sessions through other channels, who
would then be invited into a conversation with a member of the Consultant Team. The
boards explained the reasons behind this re-evaluation (see above) and showed the
pre-2021 wards, the wards as adopted through By-law 7875/21, the three options
presented to Pickering Council in June 2021, three “adjusted” versions of the By-law
7875/21 wards, and an overall assessment of the various configurations.
Feedback from these sessions was used to evaluate the recommendation provided in
this report. The information presented at the two sessions was supplemented by
information about the review available online (see footnote 1).
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 11
5. Principles
The City of Pickering established core principles and other directions for the 2021
electoral review that will be referred to for guidance in the conduct of this review:
• Representation by Population (the population parity principle);
• Protection of Communities of Interest and Neighbourhoods (the community of
interest principle);
• Current and Future Population Trends (the future population principle);
• Physical Features as Natural Boundaries (the natural boundaries principle); and
• Effective Representation.
These principles are discussed briefly in the Discussion Paper (pages 10 to 12) and at
greater length in Part 7 (pages 14 to 20) of the December 2020 Interim Report (see
footnote 2), so they will not be addressed again in this report. The Consultant Team
has thoroughly considered the importance of each principle and a detailed evaluation of
which of the principles were most important for determining an appropriate system of
representation during the 2021 ward boundary review. We also collected responses
from the public about the priority they assigned to the guiding principles (see the Interim
Report, Part 6).
The principles contribute to the development of a system that provides equitable
ongoing access between elected officials and residents, but they may conflict with one
another in their application. Accordingly, it is expected that implications for achieving
the overriding principle of effective representation will be important in arbitrating
conflicts between principles. Any deviation from the specific principles must be justified
by other principles in a manner that is more supportive of effective representation.
The priority attached to certain principles makes some options more desirable in the
eyes of different observers. Ultimately, the ward design adopted by Pickering Council
should be the one that best fulfills as many guiding principles as possible.
6. Pickering’s “Existing Ward Structure”
To be clear, no municipal election has yet been conducted in Pickering using what is
referred to herein as the “existing ward structure” (sometimes referred to as the “existing
wards”). This is because it was under appeal to the Ontario Land Tribunal when the
deadline for new boundaries for the 2022 municipal election took effect, and the 2022
election was run in a ward system that has since been replaced. This re-evaluation is
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 12
intended to determine whether the 2026 municipal election should be conducted under
the existing ward structure adopted in 2021 or a modified ward structure.
In the assessment of the Consultant Team in 2021, the ward boundaries presented as
Final Option 2 (the option adopted by Council in August 2021) were considered “largely
successful” in meeting the effective representation principle. Although it did not provide
for population parity between wards in the short term, the wards were forecast to grow
into a better population balance within 10 years. When considered in terms of 2025
population data, the same assessment holds: the strength of the option lies in the way
it accommodates the City’s future population. The option was deemed by the
Consultant Team to meet the community of interest principle and the natural boundaries
principle, resulting in an overall positive evaluation for achieving effective
representation. As will be discussed below, this assessment was considered flawed in
one respect, which led to the appeal of By-law 7875/21.
Pickering Council had been provided with three final options in 2021 and, in response to
the petition submitted in the summer of 2021, selected Final Option 2. The other two
recommended options were assessed as less successful in achieving effective
representation for various reasons (see City of Pickering 2020/2021 Ward Boundary
Review Final Report Part 9, pp. 17-28) and are briefly re-considered herein in terms of
updated population data as directed by Council Resolution #654/25.
6.1 The “Existing Ward Structure” Reconsidered
As noted, the by-law adopted by Pickering Council was based on Final Option 2 (see
Figure 2): it is a simple design with only two boundary lines (Concession Road 3 and
Dixie Road). Its main attribute was the expectation that two of the proposed wards
would be at the optimal population range (that is, within 5% of optimal) by 2030 (see
City of Pickering 2020/2021 Ward Boundary Review Final Report, p. 23). Part of the
rationale for this configuration was the population forecast for the proposed Ward 3.
Although its population was well below the acceptable range of variation in 2021, it was
projected to grow by about 40,000 residents by 2030 to fall into the optimal range (that
is, within 5% of optimal). During that time, councillors elected in the proposed Ward 3
would need to be engaged in the complex task of representing a brand-new large urban
community in the heart of the ward. The main drawback to this option was the
extremely low population in the proposed Ward 3 that, at present, included virtually no
urban neighbourhoods.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 13
The objective of population parity, where every councillor generally represents an equal
number of constituents within their respective ward, is the primary goal of an electoral
redistribution. Some degree of variation is acceptable considering the City’s population
densities and demographic factors. The indicator of success in a ward design is the
extent to which all the individual wards approach an “optimal” size.
Optimal size can be understood as a mid-point on a scale where the term “optimal” (O)
describes a ward with a population within 5% on either side of the calculated optimal
size. The classification “below/above optimal” (O+ or O-) is applied to a ward with a
population between 6% and 25% on either side of the optimal size and is considered an
acceptable variation. A ward that is labelled “outside the range” (OR+ or OR-) indicates
that its population is greater than 25% above or below the optimal ward size. The
adoption of a 25% maximum variation was part of the terms of reference established by
the City and can reasonably be applied in municipalities like Pickering. These ranges
are presented in Table 6-1.
Table 6-1
Optimal Population Ranges for a 3-Ward System – 2024 and 2035
Symbol Description Variance 2024 Population
Range
2035 Population
Range
OR+ Outside Range -High 25% and
above >49,273 >70,063
O+ Above Optimal but
Acceptable
5% to
25% 41,389–49,273 58,853–70,063
O Optimal Population Range +/-5% 37,447–41,389 53,248–58,853
O-Below Optimal but
Acceptable
-5% to
-25% 29,564–27,447 42,038–53,248
OR-Outside Range -Low -25% and
below <29,564 <42,038
Applying 2024 population data to the existing ward configuration, only one of the three
wards would be at the optimal range in 2035, but the other two would be within the
acceptable range of variation (one 11% above and the other 11% below). This
distribution can still be considered as being successful in meeting the future population
principle.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 14
Table 6-2
Updated Population by Existing Ward (By-law 7875/21)
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
Ward 1 52,632 1.34 OR+ 55,638 0.99 O
Ward 2 44,984 1.14 O+ 50,094 0.89 O-
Ward 3 20,639 0.52 OR-62,420 1.11 O+
Total 118,255 --168,152 --
Average 39,418 --56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020), by
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
As noted, however, By-law 7875/21 which implemented this ward structure was
appealed to the Ontario Land Tribunal on the grounds that the use of Concession 3 as
the boundary between the proposed Wards 1 and 3 divides the Cherrywood community,
thus breaching the community of interest principle without significantly assisting in the
achievement of other guiding principles. The Consultant Team accepts that even
though the Ontario Land Tribunal did not rule on the application, this claim has some
merit, and it will incorporate an alternative boundary line in relation to Cherrywood in its
re-evaluation of the wards in the adjusted options (see below).
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 15
Table 6-3
2025 Evaluation Summary – Existing Ward System (By-law 7875/21)
Principle
Does the Ward
Structure Meet
the Respective
Principle?
Comment
Representation by
Population No Two of the three wards are outside
the acceptable range of variation.
Protection of
Communities of Interest
and Neighbourhoods
Largely
Successful
The two urban wards are coherent
collections of neighbourhoods, while
the third is largely rural today. The
Cherrywood community is split.
Current and Future
Population Trends Yes
Successfully achieves the kind of
population balance sought in this
principle.
Physical Features as
Natural Boundaries Yes
Markers used as boundaries of the
wards are straightforward and
identifiable.
Effective Representation Largely
Successful
Effective representation is hindered
in the short term by uneven
population distribution but
accommodates demands on
councillors brought on by large-scale
development.
Levels of evaluation for how the Guiding Principles are met
Yes Largely Successful Partially Successful No
Higher Rating Lower Rating
6.2 Other 2021 Final Options Reconsidered
The Consultant Team interprets its response to Council Resolution #654/25 to include
an opportunity to select one of the other two final options from the 2021 review in light of
the new population data and other considerations. Both Final Options 1 and 3 were
assessed as “largely successful” in terms of the effective representation principle and
were broadly similar in the way the other guiding principles were assessed. Final
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 16
Option 3 was expected to achieve reasonable population parity for the 2022 election but
not in 2030, and Final Option 1 was the opposite. In Final Option 1, Concession 3 was
used as the boundary between the proposed Wards 1 and 3 that divided the
Cherrywood community, thus also breaching the community of interest principle
identified in the appeal of By-Law 7875/21.
2021 Final Option 1:
Applying 2024 population data to Final Option 1, one of the three wards would be
outside the acceptable range of variation whereas two were outside the acceptable
range of variation in 2021. Two wards would be outside the acceptable range of
variation in 2035, but one proposed ward is still at the optimal point by 2035. This
distribution can be considered an improvement over the version presented in 2021 in
terms of meeting the population parity principle, but it would fail to meet the future
population principle. The inclusion of the urbanizing Brock Street corridor east of
Duffins Creek boosts the population of the proposed Ward 3, but these neighbourhoods
are different from the hamlets and rural communities in the northern area of Pickering.
The Concession 3 boundary between Ward 1 and Ward 3 is problematic since it divides
the Cherrywood community.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 17
Figure 6-1
2021 Ward Boundary Review – Final Option 1
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 18
Table 6-4
Updated Population Final Option 1
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
Ward 1 37,098 0.94 O-39,439 0.70 OR-
Ward 2 50,637 1.28 OR+ 55,400 0.99 O
Ward 3 30,519 0.77 O-73,313 1.31 OR+
Total 118,255 --168,152 --
Average 39,418 --56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020), by
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
Table 6-5
Final Option 1 Evaluation Summary (Re-evaluated)
Principle
Does the Ward
Structure Meet
the Respective
Principle?
Comment
Representation by
Population
Partially
Successful
One ward is outside the acceptable
range of variation and another is near
the bottom of the acceptable range.
Protection of
Communities of Interest
and Neighbourhoods
Partially
Successful
Two wards include a mix of
communities of interest and
neighbourhoods.
Current and Future
Population Trends No
Two proposed wards are outside the
acceptable range of variation,
although one is at the optimal point.
Physical Features as
Natural Boundaries Yes
Most markers used as boundaries of
the wards are straightforward and
identifiable.
Effective Representation Partially
Successful
Effective representation is hindered
by uneven forecast population
distribution and allocation of
communities in the proposed wards.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 19
2021 Final Option 3:
Applying 2024 population data to Final Option 3 places all three wards at the optimal
point, whereas two were outside the acceptable range of variation in 2021. The
forecast population growth in the proposed Ward 3, however, pushes it well above the
acceptable range of variation in 2035, while the relatively stable populations located in
the other two proposed wards means they are both hovering at the brink of the lowest
acceptable range of variation by 2035. This information can still be considered as
improving Final Option 3 over the version presented in 2021 in terms of meeting the
population parity principle, but it would fail to meet the future population principle. A
recurring critique of this option is the proposal to include neighbourhoods both east and
west of Frenchman’s Bay in the same ward; also, the proposed northern ward would
include a significant urban population north of Finch Avenue, as well as many hamlets
and rural communities, undermining the coherence of the communities of interest
located there.
Table 6-6
Updated Population Final Option 3
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
Ward 1 39,566 1.00 O 42,403 0.76 O-
Ward 2 38,816 0.98 O 42,323 0.76 O-
Ward 3 39,872 1.01 O 83,426 1.49 OR+
Total 118,255 --168,152 --
Average 39,418 --56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020), by
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 20
Figure 6-2
2021 Ward Boundary Review – Final Option 3
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 21
Table 6-7
Final Option 3 Evaluation Summary (Re-evaluated)
Principle
Does the Ward
Structure Meet
the Respective
Principle?
Comment
Representation by
Population Yes All three wards are at the optimal
point.
Protection of
Communities of Interest
and Neighbourhoods
Partially
Successful
Two wards include a mix of
communities of interest and
neighbourhoods.
Current and Future
Population Trends No
One proposed ward is outside the
acceptable range of variation and two
are near the bottom of the acceptable
range of variation.
Physical Features as
Natural Boundaries Yes
Most markers used as boundaries of
the wards are straightforward and
identifiable.
Effective Representation Partially
Successful
Effective representation is hindered
by uneven forecast population
distribution and allocation of
communities in the proposed wards.
In the assessment of the Consultant Team, the new population data available since
2021 and other considerations do not lead to the conclusion that either 2021 Final
Option 1 or 2021 Final Option 3, as originally proposed to Pickering Council, could now
be considered a plausible alternative to 2021 Final Option 2, the option adopted by
Council as By-law 7875/21.
7. Final Options 2025
Since this review is intended to determine whether the 2026 municipal election should
be conducted under the existing ward structure or a modified version of it, the
Consultant Team has prepared two “adjusted” options for consideration, labelled Final
Option A and Final Option B. The alternatives primarily involve modifications that are
integrated into the By-law 7875/21 configuration, in both cases by moving the proposed
Ward 1/Ward 3 boundary south from Concession 3 to the Canadian Pacific rail line, to
acknowledge the implication of that configuration on the community of interest principle
(and by extension the grounds for the appeal of By-law 7875/21). Ignoring that
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 22
objection would likely mean another appeal to the Ontario Land Tribunal, whatever
other changes are made. This small change would negate that possibility and would
have no impact on the evaluation of the two population principles.
While the Concession 3 boundary could be moved north to Taunton Road, the
consultation process and the other evidence gathered by the Consultant Team confirms
that the Cherrywood community of interest is more aligned with Pickering’s rural and
agricultural interests and the well-established hamlets and communities to the north
rather than with the larger, more populated communities in the urban area.
7.1 Final Option A
Final Option A involves two changes to the existing ward system, starting with the single
modification outlined above, namely moving the proposed Ward 1/Ward 3 boundary
south from Concession 3 to the Canadian Pacific rail line. Final Option A also includes
modifications that would incorporate the Duffin Heights and Brock Ridge urban
neighbourhoods into the proposed Ward 3. It also proposes moving the boundary
between the proposed Wards 1 and 2 from Dixie Road back to Fairport Road, which
has served as the boundary between the wards since 1982. These two changes to the
existing ward system help to achieve the representation by population principle for the
2026 municipal election and contribute to a ward configuration that echoes familiar
features of Pickering’s pre-2021 wards.
Without returning the population along the Brock Road corridor to the proposed Ward 3
from By-law 7875/21, the proposed ward will include about two-thirds of the City’s land
mass but only approximately 25% of the population, an undesirable population
distribution that can be addressed with this map.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 23
Figure 7-1
Final Option A Ward Configuration
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 24
Population forecasts gathered in 2025 anticipate more than twice as many residents
living in the proposed Ward 3 by 2035. In that process, rural Pickering and its historic
hamlets would be further overwhelmed by urban neighbourhoods and the population of
the proposed ward would be well over the acceptable range of variation. Presumably
these two significant changes to the Pickering community would be reason enough to
undertake a fresh ward boundary and council composition review at that time.
In the meantime, Final Option A addresses the shortcomings of the pre-2021 ward
system by narrowing the gap between the smallest and largest ward populations and
can be seen as a plausible three-ward configuration to provide effective representation
over the next two elections or longer, dependent on the scale and timing of growth
within the Seaton community.
Table 7-1
Final Option A – Population by Ward
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
Ward 1 44,633 1.13 O+ 47,267 0.84 O-
Ward 2 42,726 1.08 O+ 47,188 0.84 O-
Ward 3 30,896 0.78 O-73,697 1.31 OR+
Total 118,255 --168,152 --
Average 39,418 --56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020), by
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 25
Table 7-2
Final Option A – Evaluation Summary
Principle
Does the Ward
Structure Meet
the Respective
Principle?
Comment
Representation by
Population Yes
Successfully achieves the kind of
population balance sought in this
principle.
Protection of
Communities of Interest
and Neighbourhoods
Largely
Successful
Two of the wards are coherent
electoral units. Ward 3 continues to
be a mix of neighbourhoods ranging
from suburban neighbourhoods to
sparsely populated rural areas and
hamlets, as well as the forecast
Seaton development.
Current and Future
Population Trends
Largely
Successful
The two urban wards are balanced
with one another, but Ward 3 is well
above the acceptable range of
variation.
Physical Features as
Natural Boundaries Yes
Most markers used as boundaries of
the wards are straightforward and
identifiable.
Effective Representation Largely
Successful
Effective representation is hindered in
the short term by uneven population
distribution but accommodates
demands on councillors brought on by
large-scale development.
7.2 Final Option B
Final Option B involves only one change to the existing ward system, namely moving
the proposed Ward 1/Ward 3 boundary south from Concession 3 to the Canadian
Pacific rail line. When then-Option 2 was adopted in the by-law by Pickering Council in
August 2021, the data available to the Consultant Team indicated that two of the
proposed wards were significantly outside the acceptable range of variation, but the
main attribute of the design was the expectation that two of the proposed wards would
be at the optimal range (that is, within 5% of optimal) by 2030.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 26
Figure 7-2
Ward Map of Final Option B
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 27
The population changes since the by-law was adopted and updated population
projections considered in this re-evaluation indicate that, by 2035, the pattern no longer
holds: two of the proposed wards were still significantly outside the acceptable range of
variation in the short term, but only one ward is forecast to be at the optimal point in
2035, and two are within the acceptable range, one 11% below optimal and one 12%
above optimal. With this minimal change, Pickering would probably still have a much-
improved ward configuration over the pre-2021 system, but the new information
available confirms that the population of the proposed Ward 3 is only about half the
optimal size, a finding that undermines the case for this option. Population figures by
ward are presented in Table 7-3 with the consultants evaluation presented in Table 7-4.
Table 7-3
Final Option B – Population by Ward
Ward
Number
2024
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
2035
Population[1] Variance Optimal
Range
Ward 1 52,255 1.33 OR+ 55,254 0.99 O
Ward 2 44,984 1.14 O+ 50,094 0.89 O-
Ward 3 21,015 0.53 OR-62,804 1.12 O+
Total 118,255 --168,152 --
Average 39,418 --56,051 --
[1] Population includes a net Census undercount of approximately 4.0%.
Note: Numbers may not add precisely due to rounding.
Source: Derived from the Region of Durham Official Plan (Consolidated May 26, 2020) by
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 28
Table 7-4
Final Option B – Evaluation Summary
Principle
Does the Ward
Structure Meet
the Respective
Principle?
Comment
Representation by
Population No Two of the three wards are outside
the acceptable range of variation.
Protection of
Communities of Interest
and Neighbourhoods
Yes
The two urban wards are coherent
collections of neighbourhoods, while
the third is largely rural today.
Current and Future
Population Trends
Largely
Successful
Population growth brings better
balance, but only one ward is at the
optimal point.
Physical Features as
Natural Boundaries Yes
Markers used as boundaries of the
wards are straightforward and
identifiable.
Effective Representation Largely
Successful
Effective representation is hindered
in the short term by uneven
population distribution.
A comparison of the evaluations of the “Existing” configuration to that of the final two
options are presented in Table 7-5.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 29
Table 7-5
City of Pickering
Evaluation Summary
Final
Option
Representation
by Population
Protection of
Communities
of Interest and
Neighbourhoods
Current and
Future
Population
Trends
Physical
Features as
Natural
Boundaries
Effective
Representation
By-law
7875/21 No Partially
Successful Yes Yes Largely
Successful
Final
Option A Yes Largely
Successful
Largely
Successful Yes Largely
Successful
Final
Option B No Yes Largely
Successful Yes Largely
Successful
Levels of evaluation for how the Guiding Principles are met
Yes Largely Successful Partially Successful No
Higher Rating Lower Rating
8. Next Steps and Council Decisions
This report will be presented to Pickering Council at a meeting scheduled for July 15,
2025. There are a number of possible actions for Council to take, beginning with a
decision to leave the wards set out in By-law 7875/21 as the format for the 2026
municipal election. This approach is both inadvisable and inconsistent with the premise
of this 2025 re-evaluation.
It is inadvisable, since the By-law includes a ward boundary drawn along Concession 3,
the primary reason the by-law was appealed in 2021. Maintaining that feature would in
all likelihood prompt another appeal. Also, the 2025 re-evaluation was initiated to
provide more up-to-date population figures as a basis for discovering whether the main
features of the by-law can stand up to further scrutiny. The re-evaluation has
demonstrated that the population data on which By-law 7875/21 was designed is not
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 30
perceptibly changed by the “Cherrywood” modification, but as noted, the basis of the
appeal to the Ontario Land Tribunal would remain in place, risking another appeal.
Instead, it is the recommendation of the Consultant Team that Pickering Council adopt
an option to re-divide the City into three wards that successfully meet the guiding
principles that framed the 2021 ward boundary review, in light of its direction to the
Consultant Team through Resolution #654/25. This report has re-evaluated those three
options from 2021 but determined that the option adopted through By-law 7875/21
should be the basis for re-dividing Pickering for the 2026 municipal election.
Final Option A is the recommended alternative: it returns to some features of the pre-
2021 ward configuration that will be familiar to residents and allows for a better
population distribution in the short and longer term. Final Option B includes a minor
boundary adjustment to the By-law 7875/21 map but is less successful when more up-
to-date population projections are taken into account. Neither final option, nor the by-
law map and the pre-2021 boundaries, meet the population parity principle for 2026 but
offer alternative approaches to address the expected population growth in Pickering.
Put another way, the Pickering ward maps presented herein are about growing into
parity, not about achieving it immediately.
On that point, it is probably also important for Pickering Council to consider adopting a
Ward Boundary Review Policy that commits the municipality to a regular review of its
ward boundaries, perhaps after a designated number of elections or when population
growth reaches a pre-determined threshold. Electoral reviews (and note that this refers
to “reviews” not necessarily changes) should be proactive and routine, not reactive and
discretionary. As the Consultant Team noted in its 2021 Final Report: “it is appropriate
for the City to be prepared for...inevitable change in the community.” Ward boundary
lines are not meant to be permanent markers on the City map. Instead, they are
demarcations that need to be evaluated on a regular basis to confirm whether they
provide effective representation for residents of Pickering.
The Consultant Team recommends Final Option A in this report to enhance effective
representation in Pickering.
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE 31
Appendices
Appendix A
Public Engagement
Information Boards
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-1
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-2
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-3
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-4
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-5
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-6
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE A-7
Appendix B
Survey Results
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-1
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-2
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-3
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-4
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-5
Watson & Associates Economists Ltd. PAGE B-6
Attachment 2 to Report CLK 03-25
Legislative Services Division
Clerk’s Office
Directive Memorandum
January 31, 2025
To: Susan Cassel
City Clerk
From: Susan Cassel
City Clerk
Subject: Direction as per Minutes of the Meeting of City Council held on
January 27, 2025
Ward Boundaries
Council Decision Resolution #654/25
WHEREAS, in 2017, the City of Pickering obtained the services of Watson &
Associates Economists Ltd. To undertake a review of the City’s ward boundaries;
And Whereas, on August 30, 2021, Council adopted new ward boundaries which are
set out in By-law 7875/21;
And Whereas, By-law 7875/21 was appealed to the Ontario Land Tribunal (OLT) and
although the appeal was withdrawn, the deadline for the new ward boundaries to take
effect for the 2022 Municipal Election was not met in accordance with the requirements
under the Municipal Act;
And Whereas, the new ward boundaries set out in By-law 7875/21 will take effect for
the 2026 Municipal Election unless otherwise amended by the prescribed timelines set
out in the Municipal Act;
And Whereas, several years have passed and intervening events, population growth
patterns, and the population projections used in the Consultant’s report to determine
the proposed boundaries, should be reviewed to ascertain whether these boundaries
are still relevant and equitable from an effective representation perspective;
Now therefore be it resolved that the Council of The Corporation of the City of
Pickering directs through the Office of the CAO:
1. That the City Clerk be directed to engage the services of Watson & Associates
Economists Ltd., to reconsider the findings in its Final Report titled “2020/2021
Ward Boundary Review, City of Pickering” dated June, 2021, based on available
and updated population data, and to make recommendations on any appropriate
adjustments to the ward boundaries set out in By-law 7875/21, and that such
adjustments be consistent with applicable law and best practices;
2. That the Ward Boundary Review carried out by Watson & Associates include
engaging in public consultation with suitable time allotted to effectively engage the
public through public information session, social media, website notice of boundary
review, etc.;
3.That the costs associated with the review by Watson & Associates Economists Ltd.
Shall not exceed $35,000.00 plus applicable taxes, funded from Contingency
Account 503500.11100; and,
4.That the City Clerk report back to Council with the Consultant’s report and
recommendations, no later than the end of Q2 2025, in order to consider any
amendments to By-law 7875/21 in time for the adjusted ward boundaries to take
effect for the 2026 Municipal Election.
Please take any action deemed necessary.
SC:am
Copy: Chief Administrative Officer
Director, Corporate Services & City Solicitor
________________________________
________________________________
Attachment 3 to Report CLK 03-25
The Corporation of the City of Pickering
By-law No. xxxx/25
Being a by-law to change the ward boundaries in the City of Pickering
Whereas Section 222(1) of the Municipal Act, S.O. 2001, c. 25, as amended (the “Act”),
provides authority for a municipality to divide or redivide the municipality into wards or to
dissolve the existing wards;
And Whereas at its Special Meeting held on July 15, 2025, the Council of The Corporation of
the City of Pickering approved changes to the ward boundaries in the City of Pickering;
Now therefore the Council of The Corporation of the City of Pickering hereby enacts as follows:
1.That the ward boundaries, as shown and described in Schedule “A”, attached hereto
and forming part of this by -law are hereby approved;
2.That pursuant to Section 222(8) of the Act, the new ward boundaries shall come into
force on the day the new Council of The Corporation of the City of Pickering is
organized following the 2026 Municipal Election provided that:
(i)no notices of appeal are filed;
(ii)notices of appeal are filed and are all withdrawn before January 1, 2026; or,
(iii)notices of appeal are filed, and the Ontario Land Tribunal issues an order to
affirm or amend the by -law before January 1, 2026;
3.That pursuant to Section 222(9) of the Act, the 2026 Municipal Election shall be
conducted as if the by -law was already in force; and,
4.That By -law 7875/21 is hereby repealed.
By-law passed this 15th day of July , 2025.
Kevin Ashe, Mayor
Susan Cassel, City Clerk
Schedule “A” to By-law XXXX/25 -Ward Boundary
Descriptions
Ward 1
Beginning where the centre line of the Canadian Pacific rail line crosses the centre line
of York-Durham Line (that is , where the City of Pickering municipal boundary meets the
municipal boundary of the City of Toronto), then in an easterly direction along the centre
line of the Canadian Pacific rail line to the centre line of Fairport Road, then in a
southerly direction along the centre line of Fairport Road to Highway 401, then in an
easternly direction along the centre line of Highway 401 to the intersection of where the
CNR crosses the 401. From this point, in a southeasterly direction along a line drawn to
Frenchman’s Bay and across Frenchman’s Bay to the gap in the sandspit that
separates the Bay from Lake Ontario, then in a westerly direction along the City of
Pickering municipal boundary in Lake Ontario to the Rouge River (the municipal
boundary with the City of Toronto), then in a northwestern direction along the Rouge
River (the municipal boundary with the City of Toronto) to Twyn Rivers Drive then in a
northern direction along the centre line of Scarborough-Pickering Townline to the point
of origin.
Ward 2
Beginning where the centre line of the Canadian Pacific rail line crosses the centre line
of Fairport Road, then in a northeasterly direction along the centre line of the Canadian
Pacific rail line to the centre line of Third Concession Road east, then in an easterly
direction along the centre line of Third Concession Road to the centre line of Valley
Farm Roard. Following the centre line of Valley Farm Road in a southerly direction to
the centre line of Finch Avenue, then in an easterly direction along the centre line of
Finch Avenue to the centre line of Brock Road, then in a southerly direction along the
centre line of Brock Road to the centre line of Kingston Road (Highway 2) , then in an
easterly direction along the centre line of Kingston Road (Highway 2) to the municipal
boundary between City of Pickering and the Town of Ajax, then in a southerly and
easterly direction along the City of Pickering municipal boundary with the Town of Ajax
to the City of Pickering municipal boundary in Lake Ontario, then westerly along the City
of Pickering municipal boundary in Lake Ontario to the gap in the sandspit that
separates the Frenchman’s Bay from Lake Ontario, then in a northwesterly direction
along a line drawn from that point to the end of a line drawn from Frenchman’s Bay to
Highway 401, where the CNR intersect. Following in a westerly direction along Highway
401 to the centre line of Fairport Road, then in a northerly direction along the centre line
of Fairport Road to the point of origin at the Canadian Pacific rail line.
Ward 3
Beginning where the centre line of Uxbridge Pickering Townline Road meets the centre
line of Regional Road 30 (York Durham Line), then in an easterly direction along the
centre line of Uxbridge Pickering Townline Road (the municipal boundary of the City of
Pickering with the Township of Uxbridge) to where it meets the centre line of Lake
Ridge Road (the eastern municipal boundary of the City of Pickering with the Township
of Scugog), then in a southerly direction along municipal boundary of the City of
Pickering with the Town of Whitby to the northern municipal boundary of the Town of
Ajax, then in a westerly and southerly direction along the municipal boundary with the
Town of Ajax to the centre line of Kingston Road (Highway 2), then in a westerly
direction along the centre line of Kingston Road (Highway 2) the centre line of Brock
Road, then in a northerly direction along the centre line of Brock Road to the centre line
of Finch Avenue, then in a westerly direction along the centre line of Finch Avenue to
the centre line of Valley Farm Road, then in a northerly direction along the centre line of
Valley Farm Road to the line of Third Concession Road, then in a westerly direction
along the centre line of Third Concession Road to the centre line of the Canadian
Pacific rail line, then in a southwesterly direction along the centre line of the Canadian
Pacific rail line to the centre line of Scarborough-Pickering Townline, then in a northerly
direction along the centre line of Regional Road 30 (York Durham Line) to the point of
origin.