HomeMy WebLinkAboutBy-law 3295 A By-law to regulate the erection and
to provide for the safety of buildings
WHEREAS it is expedient and necessary to regulate the erection,
alteration, enlargement, repair and removal, and generally to
provide for the safety and fire protection of buildings and
health and sanitation in dwellings in the Township of Pickering;
BE IT THEREFORE ENACTED by the Qouncil of the Corporation
of the Township of Pickering as follows:
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
"ALCOVE" means that portion in the room, the walls, floor and
ceiling of which form a recess thereto, and access to which is
either unobstructed, or through an arched opening in a wall.
"ASHLAR" means masonry units of stone of cast stone, laid on
level beds, such units being of substantially rectangular shape.
"BASEMENT" means that storey of a dwelling the floor of which
is below grade line, but which has a greater height from grade
line to ceiling than from grade line to floor: Provided, that
the height from grade line to ceiling does not exceed 6 feet?
"BUILDING, ACCESSORY" means a subordinate detached building,
appurtenant to a main building and located on the same lot,
the purpose of which is to provide better and more convenient
enjoyment of the main building; and shall include private garages
and private stables.
"CELLAR" means that storey of a building which is partly or
wholly underground and which has more than half its height,
from floor to ceiling, below the mean level of the adjoining
ground;"CORBEL" means a horizontal projection on the face of
a walI formed by one or more courses of masonry each projecting
over the course below.
"LOT" means the minimum area of land used, or intended to be
used as the site of or appurtenant to any building, as described.
in the application for a building permit, whether such land is
shown on a registered plan of a subdivision or described by
metes and bounds.
"PARTITION" means an interior wall not more than one storey
in height.- .....
"PLUMBING SYSTEM" means, severally and individually: the
water distribution system: all fixtures and fixture traps,
the drainage system; the house sewer; any private sewage
disposal system; all leaders, together with all their devices,
appurtenances and connections.~
"ROOM HABITABLE" means any room, other than a business or
work room, that is suitable for use by one or more persons
for living, sleeping, eating, or food preparation above'cellar.
"STOREY" means that portion of any building which is situated
between the top of any floor and the top of the floor next
above it; if there be no floor above it, that portion between
the top of such floor and the ceiling above it.
"STOREY, FIRST" means the storey closest to grade (or first
above a basement) having its ceiling more than six feet above
grade.--
''SUMMER COTTAGE" means a dwelling used summer months,---- -
"WALL, BEARING" means a wall that supports any load other
than its own weight.-
"WALL, NON BEARING" means a wall that supports no load other
than its own weight.-
"WALL, COMMON" means a separation wall between two units
used, or intended to be used jointly by adjoining units.
"WALL, FACED" means a wall in which the masonry facing and
backing units are different but which are so bonded that they
exert a common reaction under load.
"WALL, PARTY" means a wall forming the structural division
between and designed for the joint use of, two units, and
located on a line, which in the event of separate ownership
would be the property line.
"WALL VENEERED" means a wall having a facing of masonry
material, glass, porcelain, enamel, metal, or other similar
materials attached, but not bonded, to the backing for the
purpose of providing ornamentation or protection, but not
computed in the required thickness of the wall~-
"WALL, MASONRY" means a masonry wall 4" thick or over,
including vaneered walls..
SECTION 2 ADMINISTRATION
101 SHORT TITLE
This By-Law may be cited as the "Building By-Law'~ and is
hereinafter referred to as "this code".
Wherever applicable, the provisions of this code shall apply
to all buildings and the term "building" shall include other
structures. Where in this code such terms as "proper",
"adequate", "sufficient", "ample", "suitable", "substantial",
"necessary", "dangerous", and the like, or derivatives thereof
are used, they shall be understood to mean proper, adequate,
and so forth, to the satisfaction, or in the opinion of the
Building Inspector and such terms as "where practicable",
~'where required", "as far as possible" shall have a like
significance.~
102 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS AND REGULATIONS
All standard specifications and regulations adopted, wholly
or in part, in this code, are hereby declared to be a part
of this code and all buildings, additions or alterations here-
after constructed or made shall conform to the provisions
of this code or National Building Code, 1965.
Wherever dated specifications or regulations are cited,
subsequent editions may be used subject to permission from
the Building Inspector.
TEST
The cost of any test required by this code or the National
Building Code, 1965, by the Building Inspector, shall be
paid for by the person wishing to use the the material,
device of construction in question.-----
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
This code is based on the National Building Code prepared by
the National Research Council, Ottawa, and applies specifically
to one or two family dwellings and their accessory buildings.
For other types of buildings and for construction not specifically
contained herein, the provisions of the National Building Code
dated 1965 shall be complied with, in so far as they are
applicable. The National Building Code is hereby a part of
this By-Law and is attached as Schedule '~A". The provisions
of the National Building Code shall, in so far as they are
applicable, apply to all buildings, additions or alterations
to buildings, constructed or additions or alterations to
buildings within the Township of Pickering. /
CONSTRUCTION NOT WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS CODE
Materials and methods of construction not covered by this
code, but falling within any of the classifications established
in the National Building Code, shall comply with the appropriate
regulations therein.f
Materials or methods of construction which are not specifically
regulated by the provisions of this code or of the National
Building Code shall be permitted only at the descretion of
the Authority having Jurisdiction.
Every building, other than one or two family dwellings,
estimated value of Eight Thousand Dollars ($8,000.00) or more
shall have plans approved by and signed by a professional
registered Architect, or Engineer. This provision shall not
apply to farm accessory buildings when erected at least thirty
feet (30') from the property line.-
103 BUILDING INSPECTOR
The provisions of this code shall be enforced by the Building
Inspector, or his assistants, appointed by the Municipal
Council..
RECORDS
The Building Inspector shall keep proper records of all
applications received, permits and orders issued, inspections
and tests made, reports received and made, and retain copies
of all papers and documents connected with the administration
of his duties.
INSPECTION
The Building Inspector, or his authorized representati~may
at all reasonable hours enter into or upon any building or
premises for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not the
provisions of this code are being complied with.---
104 EXISTING BUILDINGS
Nothing in this code shall require the removal, alteration
or abandonment of, nor prevent continuance of the use or
occupancy of an existing building unless, in the opinion
of the authority having jurisdiction such building
constitutes a hazard to safety of persons or property.
GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS
105 EXCAVATIONS
1. Excavation for all foundations shall be extended to solid
ground and to a point sufficiently below fininsh grade to
avoid damage by frost, at least four feet, below finished
fill.-
2. No foundation footing shall be placed on filled ground
unless it is specially designed and approved.--
3. The top soil and all vegetable matter in unexcavated
areas shall be removed and the ground levelled shall
be at least eighteen inches (18") below the bottom of
joist.-
4. Unexcavated areas shall be vented through foundation
walls with at least two vents on each side in opposing
side walls of one foot each in size for each 500 feet of
unexcavated area.
5. In all excavations where accumulation of water is likely
to occur, foundations and basements shall be kept dry
by placing a continuous row of field tile in a bed of
gravel or cinders around the outside walls at a level of
the footings and below the basement floor level. All
drains shall be connected through a running trap to a
main drain or other waste water disposal system.~
6. Water in Excavations; Excavations shall be kept clear
of water at all timeSo~
106 FOUNDATIONS
10 Where foundation walls are required to be waterproofed
by applying a coating of coal tar pitch or asphalted or
other waterproofed membrance to the outside of walls to
grade level.
2. ~11 concrete block foundation walls encluding excavated
areas must be waterproofed, the walls shall be parged
with cement mortar before applying the waterproofing.
Ail block walls which are filled with earth both sides
shall be made solid to the height of the finished grade
or fil~ or a "Tile drain" outside of footings and to a
drain or sump pump.
3. All footings shall bear on undisturbed soil and shall
be of concrete mixed to at least 2,000 lb. strength, or
masonry, and shall be at least 6 inches thick and extend
at least 4 inches wider than wall above, on each side.
4. No exterior concrete or block wall shall be less than 8"
thick for one storey. (See National Building Code,
1965, for other widths.) No masonr~.~qpndation wall shall
be less than 16 inches thick. Ail block walls shall be
laid up with full width mortar joints on all webbs.
107 DAMP PROOFING MASONRY ABOVE GRADE
5. All unit masonry walls excepting cavity walls bonded with
metal ties shall be treated at the interior faces to
arrest moisture travel beyond these faces:
(i) Nailing strips 3/8" by 1 3/4" located not more than
18" on centres or approved mechanical devices to
receive furring strips shall be built into masonry
walls described in the preceding paragraph. The
interior of such walls shall be parged or back
plastered. Furring strips 7/8" by 1 3/4" shall
then be applied vertically at 16" on centres on top
of plaster.
(ii) In cavity walls bonded only with metal ties and in
walls of solid masonry 12" or more thick, the require-
ments of subsection (i) preceding shall apply.
Damp-proof courses shall be installed in all masonry
walls to bar passage of moisture from one part of the
structure to another as follows:
(i) A damp-proof course shall be installed immediately
under the first floor joists or sill to prevent the
capillary rise of moisture.
(ii) When brick,masonry or other jointed window sills are
employed a damp-proof course shall be provided under
the full length of such sills.
6. When foundation walls are of hollow block, the top course
shall be made of semi-solid or made solid by filling with
concrete.
~a) Concrete blocks for basements or cellars shall be at
least ten inches thick.
7. Mortar for cement block or masonry walls shall be of not
less than two parts cement, 15% lime to six parts of clean
sand.
8. In no case shall the foundation wall thickness be less
than that of the wall above.
9. In no case shall brick or block columns have a dimension
of less than 12 x 12 inches square or equal solid.
10. Ail masonry chimneys shall have foundations of masonry
or concrete which shall extend down to the level of the
foundation wall footing at least.
11. Concrete shall be placed in forms erected true to line
and well braced against deflection under load, and forms
shall not be removed until concrete has thoroughly set.
12. The ingredients of concrets shall not consist of more
than six parts of clean gravel and sand to one part of
cement. All materials shall be clean and free from
loam or other foreign matter.
13. In foundation walls or thick masses of concrete, the use
of stone plumbs or fillers may be made if ofs~d material,
not over 2" diameter, and reasonable quantities are used
that will not weaken the concrete.-
108 BASEMENT FLOORS
1. Basement floors shall be of not less than 3 inches of
concrete and trowelled smooth, made of at least 1 to 5
material of clean sand and stone or clean pit-run gravel
and sand.
2. Before pouring the concrete the ground shall be levelled
and covered with at least four inches of gravel or cinders,
after sufficient drains have been laid.
3. Basement floors are to be drained, the floors shall be
properly sloped to drain outlet, the drain shall be
provided with a trapped floor outlet and grating or
strainer set flush with floor
109 OUTSIDE WALLS
1. All exterior or division walls or buildings hereafter
erected shall be of sufficient thickness to support
the load to be carried, but in no case shall a brick, concrete
or hollow block wall be less than eight inches thick.
2. Face brick shall be all new, of good shape and condition.
The use of old brick from old chimneys coated with soot
or creosote is to be avoided. Backing brick may be used
of good stock brick if they are hard burnt and clean.
Concrete, cinder or other approved blocks, properly
bonded to the face brick in each second course of blocks
may be used or other approved material.
3. Where the backing is constructed of hollow masonry units,
solid masonry of not less than four inches in depth shall
be provided for the bearings of all joists framing into
such walls; or hollow blocks may be filled solid with
concrete, lintels over openings shall bear upon solid
masonry material or equivalent
110 VENEER EXTERIORS
1. Stone veneer six inches thick or better, or brick veneer
four inches thick or better outside a wooden frame construction
properly tied is permitted, providing the frarae is sub-
stantially built of 2 x 4 studding at not more than 16
inch centres, properly braced and strengthened and sheeted
on outside with at least 3/4 inch lumber or full ½"
fibreboard or equal and covered with waterproof paper
lapped at least 2 inches at all joints.
2. All sheeting materials shall be free from decay and shall
consist of at least 3/4 inch lumber, 1/2 inch fibre board,
5/16th plywood, or 1/2 Gypsum sheeting equal or better.
3. In frame construction of windows and doors studs shall
be cut to receive the lintel or header over the opening,
and shall extend in one piece f~om lintel or header to
bearing, lintels and headers over all openings shall be
doubled and set on edge and be of sufficient size and
thickness and strength to carry load imposed on same.
4. All sills and girders on top of foundation walls and
piers shall be levelled, shimed up and thoroughly bedded
in cement mortar.
5. All sills and bearing plated for rafters framing into
or on masonry walls shall be properly secured to masonry
with 1/2" bolts 6" long, at not more than 6' apart.
6. Top plates shall be of not less than double 2 x 4's
which shall lap at corners and intersecting partitions,
all other double plate joints shall be broken at least
32 inches apart. All such laps shall be securely spiked,
and joints in top plates shall occur over studs only.
7. Plank frame may take the place of studding and boarding,
but shall be built of three inch thick plank or two inch
plank covered with 3/4 tongued and grooved lumber with
waterproof paper between or other approved siding.
8. All material used in plank or stud framing shall be
construction grad~spruce or equal entirely free from
soft rot, very large knots or shakes, etc., which would
impair its nail holding qualities and strength.
9. Ail wood frame construction may be used for outside walls,
the outside covering of wood shall be manufactured from No.
1 and 2 Common White pine or better, or equivalent grades
of other suitable lumber, cement, or approved stucco on
galvanized lath set on wood furring may be applied as
outside covering to a building with wood frame construction,
or any other approved make of siding.
10. Studs in exterior frame walls may run from sill to roof
plates providing they do not exceed 16 feet in length,
second floor joists supported on exterior frame shall
bear on at least 1 x 4" ribbons let into the edge or
face of studs, joists bearing on ribbons shall be securely
nailed to the studs.--~---
111 CHIMNEYS AlqD FLUES
1. There shall be a separate flue for each furnace or fire-
place installed; all flues shall be lined with glazed
clay tile and surrounded with not less than 4" of masonry
with all horizontal joints broken, minimum flue size shall
have a cast iron clean out door, wherever possible two
feet below the smoke inlet.
112 HEIGHT OF CHIMNEY
2. Masonry chimneys shall extend from the foundation or
foundation wall, as the case may be, to a distance of
2 feet above the highest point of contact with the roof,
or 2 feet above any roof, ridge, parapet, or other part
of the structure which is within 10 feet of the chimney
or metal chimneys approved by Fire Marshal's specifications.
3. Flue Lining
Flue lining shall extend continuously from a point 4
below the smoke pipe inlet, or in the case of a fire-
place from the apex of the smoke chamber, to a distance
of not less than 4 inches above the top of the chimney
c ap.
4. Clearance of Smoke Pipes
Any pipe which serves a furnace shall be spaced a clear
distance of not less than 9 inches from any combustible
construction; provided that, if such distance be less
than 18 inches added protection shall be provided in one
of the following ways:
(i) Such combustible construction shall be protected by
a metal shield having a width equal to 3 times the
diameter, and extending the full length of the smoke
pipe, and shall be spaced 2 inches clear of the com-
bustible construction.
(ii) Such combustible construction shall be covered with
3/4 of an inch of plaster on metal lath, or 1/2
inch of plaster on perforated gypsum lath.
(iii) Appliances: The smoke pipe which serves any
appliance other than a furnace shall be spaced not
less than 9 inches clear of any combustible construction.
5. Masonry partitions in chimneys shall be continuous
from base to cap of chimney and shall be constructed of
solid masonry units bonded into chimney walls at intervals
of 1 foot 6 inches or less.
Each flue serving a house-heating appliance shall be
seperated from any other flue by such partition.
6. Wood Trim
Wood trim shall not be placed within 8 inches of the
jambs or 12 inches of the top or arch of any fireplace
opening.
7. No chimney shall be corbelled to an extent of more than
eight inches from any wall, except that where the corbelling
occurs above the first storey which shall not project to
an extent of more than four inches on either face, or any
wall. No beam, joist, or other weight shall be built into
a chimney.
8. Separation of Dwelling Units
The walls, floors, or ceilings, which separate two dwelling
units, shall conform to the following provisions.
(i) A party wall shall extend from the footings to the
underside of the roof boarding.
(ii) No opening shall be made through such separation.
(iii) Such separation shall have a fire-resistant rating of
not less than one hour.
(iv) No combustible party wall or common wall shall extend
below the first storey. ~ .........
113 ROUGH CARPENTRY
1. All materials used for rough carpentry work shall be of
new material and no second hand lumber, removed from other
buildings shall be incorporated into houses, unless
approved first by the Building Inspector.~
WORK55~NSHIP shall be of good engineering practise, and to
meet the approval of the Building Inspectors .....
MATERIALS
2. All materials used for joists, rafters, beams and studding
for bearing partitions, shall be structurally sound, free
from soft rot, large knots, shakes, etc., that would impair
their strength.
3. No joists shall be used in which knots are over one-
fifth of the depth of the joists that occur in the middle
half of the span.
4. Wood joist sizes and spacing shall be determined from
the floor joist table given below. The joists in the
floors shall be spaced not more than 16" on centres.
Joists shall be bridqed with 1½" x
diagonal cross bridging one row to each span over 7' 0"
and up to 12' 0", in width, and two rows in spans over
12' 0". Approved prefabricated bridging may be used
in lieu of wood bridging. Floors constructed with
steel joists or reinforced concrete joists shall be
designed by a registered architect or Engineer.
5. All wood frame construction may be used for outside walls,
the outside covering of wood shall be manufactured from
No. 1 and No. 2 Common White Pine or better, etc.
All lumber used in buildings to be construction grade
Spruce or equal.
All Commercial Buildings shall have outside wall~constructed
of Masonryj Industrial Buildings, Masonry or Metal Clad
and to comply with National Building Code 1965.
114 MAXIMUM SPANS FOR FLOOR JOISTS
Spruce, Hemlock, or Red Pine
12" o.c. 16" o.c.
2" x 6" . .............. 9'10" 8'11"
2" x 8" . .............. 13'4" 12'0"
2" x 10" ............... 16'8" 15'1"
2" x 12" ............... 20'0" 18'2"
Douglas Fir
2" x 6" . .............. 10'6" 9'6"
2" x 8" ............... 14'0" 12'8"
2" x 10". .............. 17'7" 16'0"
2" x 12". .............. 21'5" 19'5"
Floor joists shall be supported for their full depth;
on top of a wood beam; on metal joist hangers hung over the
wood beam; on a ledger board~or by approved mechanical
connectors. Ledgers shall be not less than 2" x 3"
spiked to the side of the wood beams with at least 2
nails for each joist supported. Joists shall not be
notched over any support. The end bearing of wood joists
supported on steel beams shall be not less than 3 lineal
inches. Wood joists set into the side of steel beams shall
project at least 3/4" above the top of such steel beams.
Floor joists supported by exterior frame walls shall bear
on 1" x 4" ribbons let into the faces of the studs.
Joists bearing on ribbons shall be securely nailed to
sides of studs.
5. Ceiling joist sizes and spacing shall be determined from
the table given. In no case shall ceiling joist spacing
exceed 16" o.c. If the area (attic space) above the top
floor is usable, the joists shall be as required for
floor joists.
115 Rafters shall be on same centres as ceiling joists
and securely nailed together, sizes of rafters as given in
National Building Code 1965. All trusses for roofs shall
be engineered for strength.
116 MAXIMUM SPANS FOR CEILING JOISTS
12" o.c. 16" o.c.
2" x 4" . ............... 9'5" 8'6~'
2" x 6" ................ 14'5" 13'1"
2" x 8" ................ 19'5" 17'7"
Douglas Fir
2" x 4" . ............... 9'10" 9'0"
2" x 5" ................ 13'6" 12'6"
2" x 6" ................ 15'4" 13'11"
2'~ x 7" ................ 19'3" 17'6"
2" x 8" ................ 20'5" 18'6"
Sizes given are nominal. Standard finished sizes are
acceptable o
6. For sub-flooring and roof covering, all material shall be
reasonably sound and free from soft rot and at least
three-quarters of an inch thick.
7. Exterior Sheeting - All materials shall be free from
decay and shall consist of at least 3/4" lumber, or 1/2~'
fibre board, 7/16" Plywood or 1/2" Gypsum sheeting,
equal or better.
117 MAXIMUM SPANS FOR WOOD BEAMS
All beams shall be designed to support adequately all live
and dead loads resting upon them.
As a general guide, the following schedule for wood beam
sizes and spans will be applicable in one storey houses
only where there are neither habitable rooms nor storage
facilities in the roof space. Where lighter beams for
the same spans or similar size beams for longer spans
than those shown in the schedule are proposed, the
Building Inspector must be satisfied that the proposed
beams will perform their intended function. If 1~ or 2
storey houses are proposed, the beam sizes should be
determined from standard engineering formula.
Supported length of joist is ½ length of joists supported
by a beam; i.e., if joists on one side of beam are 16'0"
long and on the other side they are 12'0" long, the
supported length is 16' & 12' = 14 ft.
BEAMS - MAXIMUM SPANS
Supported Joist Length
6" x 8" 8" x 8" 6" x 10" 8" x 10"
Fir Other Fir Other Fir Other Fir Other
9 8'0" 6'8" 9'3" 7'9" i0'1" 8'5" 11 ' 10" 9'10"
10 7'8" 6'5" 8'11" 7'5" 9'9" 8'1" 11'4" 9'5"
11 7'5" 6'2" 8'7" 7'2" 9'4" 7'9" 10'11" 9'1"
12 7'2" 5'11" 8'4" 6' 11" 9'0" 7'6" 10'7" 8'9"
13 6'11" 5'9" 8'1" 6'8" 8'9" 7'3" 10'2" 8'6"
14 6'8" 5'7" 7'10" 6'6" 8'6" 7'1" 9'10" 8'3"
15 6'6" 5'5" 7'7" 6'4" 8'3" 6'10" 9'7" 8'0"
118 A basement or cellar beam may be replaced by a 2" x 6"
stud partition for two storey, 2' x4" for one storey
dwellings.
Studs shall be not more than 16" o.c. rest on a single
2" x 6" or 2" x 4" sole and be capped with 2-2" x 6"
members or equal.
119 Window frames for brick vaneer dwellings shall have
at least ~'- _i~- I] built in 3/4" x 3" windstop under
brick mould.
8. Where floor joists frame into the side of wood girders,
the joists shall be supported on metal joist hangers, or
on a bearing strip at least 2 x 3 inches securely nailed
to girder below joist ends.
9. Floor joists shall be doubled under all partitions which
run parallel to the floor joists, the double joists shall
be separated and blocked at four foot intervals where
piping or duct work occur. Headers and trimmers shall
be doubled if more than three feet in length. Headers
receiving more than 2 tail joists shall have ends supported
with metal joist hangers. Ends of floor joists framing
into masonry walls, shall have not less than four inches
bearing and shall have at least 3½ inch bevel or fire cut.
10. Studding in bearing partitions shall be at least 2 x 4
inches at 16 inch centres. Partitions shall have placed
on top and bottom continuous runners, and they shall be
doubled at all major openings.
11. No stud shall be cut more than 1/3 of its depth to
receive piping and duct work; if more depth is required
the partition studs shall be increased in width.
12. Roof framing, double rafters and trimmers shall be used
around all dormers and other large roof openings, and hip
and valley members shall be increased in size as required
to carry the roof load. Size of joists and rafters,
at lengths as given in the National Building Code, dated
1965.
MOVING BUILDINGS
13. The moving of a building shall be construed as a new
building__
120 ONE HOUR FIRE RESISTANCE
Construction 1 which conforms to the following provisions
shall be deemed to constitute one-hour fire resistance.
(a) Floor over joists
Double deck floors consisting of 3/4 inch T & G,
3/4 inch Shiplap or 5/8 inch plywood, sub-flooring,
and top floor of not less than ~inch thickness, with
asbestos paper weighing not less than 14 pounds per
i00 square feet between.
and:
Ceilings
A plaster ceiling consisting of gypsum plaster ½
inch in thickness and not leaner than one part
Portland Cement and 2 parts aggregate on perforated
gypsum lath having all joints covered with expanded
metal 3 inches in width.
or:
Portland Cement Plaster, 7/8 of an inch in thickness
on metal lath.
(b) Interior Partitions
Interior partitions constructed of solid unit masonry,
or hollow unit masonry, provided that walls and
partitions constructed of one cell units shall be
plastered, ~ inch in thickness on both sides.
or:
Stud walls or partitions (wood or metal studs)
plastered on both sides with a combination of any
two of the following plaster finishes:
(i) Portland Cement of gypsum plaster, 7/8 of an inch
in thickness on metal lath.
(ii) Gypsum plaster, ~ inch in thickness on perforated
gypsum lath.
(iii) Stucco 3/4 of an inch in thickness on metal lath.----~i
121 INTERIOR FINISH OF WALLS AND CEILINGS
The finish of interior walls and ceilings shall be lath
and plaster, fibreboard, plasterboard, 1/2 inch~ in
thickness or better, or 1/4 inch plywood veneer. In the
case of fibreboard or plasterboard the board shall be
applied to furrings or studdings placed not more than
16 inch centres, all joints shall be securely nailed to
studs or joists.
122 INTERIOR PLASTERING
Where the interior walls and ceiling are to be plastered,
all plaster shall be at least two coats work upon wood
lath, fibreboard, or plaster base, and three coats if on
metal lath, and shall measure at least 3/8 inches in
thickness from face to lath. The base or brown coat shall
be used to manufacturer's specifications.
Metal corners beads are required on all vertical external
angles and desirable on all windows and arch soffits.
Metal lath shall be twenty-six gauge metal painted or
galvanized for inside work. ~-~
123 EXTERIOR PLASTERING
Plaster and stucco shall be either run direct on concrete
or block surface or on 26 gauge or better galvanized
expanded or other metal or wood lath fastened to wood
furrings at least 3/4 inches thick at 12 inch centres.
Plaster or stucco shall be composed of a scratch coat
made of one part Portland cement, three parts of sand
and sufficient hydrated lime to make workable mortar,
and shall be pressed into the wall to fill the space
back of metal lath, and be well scratched. This coat
shall be followed by a base coat of sa~e, and left to
set for a few days. The finish coat applied to this
surface which must be moistened, shall be made of
Portland cement and lime mixture or of approved brand
of cement stucco rendering, coloured if required, having
water repellant qualities and applied according to the
manufacturer's specifications.
124 ROOFING
Sloping roofs shall be covered with shingles and left in
thoroughly watertight condition by the use of one of the
following materials, or equal or better:
Slate, ti~e, wood, metal, asphalt, not less than 180
lbs. to the square, in colours as desired, l~id to
manufacturer's specifications with ridges and valleys
of 26 gauge galvanized iron or equal.
Flat roofs are required to be covered with a 4-ply coal
tar, not more than 3" rise in 12 inches run, saturated
felt roof laid on dry felt, properly secured to roof and
covered with coal-tar pitch and gravel, laid to
specification of a 15 year guaranteed roof, or any material
equal or better. Asphalt shingles to be nailed two
nails to each tab.
125 BUILDING PERMITS
(a) General
A building permit shall be obtained from the Building
Inspector by the owner or his authorized agent for the
excavation, erection, alteration, reconstruction, removal
or wrecking of, or repairs to, any building or part of
any building which it is proposed to construct and for
any addition or alteration to a building. No such work
shall be commenced until the building permit has been
obtained and is prominently on the site of the work. ~
Building Permit to be Displayed
The building permit shall be prominently displayed on the
site of the work. Work at the site shall not be commenced
until the permit has been so displayed°
(b) Application for a Building Permit
The applic&n~ for a building permit shall file with the
Building Inspector a signed statement as to the use or
purpose for which such building is intended, together with
duplicate copies of the plans of same drawn to a scale
of not less than one quarter of an inch to a foot, showing
the actual dimensions, including the dimensions of the lot
with the heights and dimensions of same, the heights and
dimensions of the proposed structures, and other such
information as may be necessary to provide for the enforce-
ment of this code, including plot plans showing where
building is on lot, and grades, at least 18" above road
crown where possible.
Deposit
The applicant for a building permit for a dwelling shall
deposit with the Township a certified cheque for Three
Hundred Dollars ($300.00) made out to the Township of
Pickering. This cheque shall be deposited with the
Township until the main outside structure, including
outside sheeting, or bricklaying, backfill, permanent
doors, windows, chimney, roof, and plumbing roughed in
and eavestrough on has been completed in accordance with
the requirements of this By-law at which time the funds
will be returned to the applicant.
(c) Granting of Building Permits
The application, plan and specifications filed by an
applicant for a building permit shall be examined by the
Building Inspector, and if it appears to him that such
plans and specifications are in conformity with the
requirements of this code and all other laws or ordinances
applicable thereto, the Building Inspector shall issue the
Building Permit upon receipt of the required permit fee.
Neither the granting of a Building Permit, approval of
plans and specifications, nor inspections made by the
Building Inspector during the erection of a structure,
shall in any way relieve the owner, or his agents, from
responsibility for the carrying out of the work in strict
accordance with this code. The National Building Code
dated 1965, or for the stability of the structure.
The Municipality is not in any way responsible to any
person for the inspection or lack of inspection of any
building. The fact that a Building Inspector or other
authorized person has not objected to any work being done
by an owner or other person shall in no way make the
Corporation liable for any act or omission on the part
of the Building Inspector or other person.
(d) Building Permit Limitations
Any Building Permit issued by the Building Inspector under
the provisions of this code shall expire in Eighteen (18)
months from date of issue if building is not progressing
as By-law calls for, Building Permits shall be subject
to revocation when construction has been unduly delayed.
Such revocation shall not be rescinded until the plans
and imcomplete construction are made to comply with all
the requirements of this code at the time of rescinding
such revocation.
Requirements after Issuance of Building Permit
The building Inspector may require notice ~ be given
by the owner, or his authorized agent, to the Building
Inspector of the intention to carry out any constructional
operations in order that inspection may be made at part-
icular stages of construction. ~ ....
(e) Alterations to Plans
No person shall erase, alter or modify any drawings or
specifications upon whidh a Building Permit has been
granted by the Building Inspector, unless the Building
Inspector has agreed to such changes. If during the
progress of the work, it is desired to deviate from
the plan filed with the application for a building
permit in any manner, notice of such desired alterations
shall first be made in writing to the Building Inspector,
and his written approval shall be obtained before such
alterations shall be commenced. /
(f) Occupancy Permits
New Buildings. No building hereafter constructed
shall be occupied in any part thereof until it has
been completed according to the requirements of this
code, or unitl an occupancy permit has been issued by
a Township official.- ......
Changes of Occupancy. No change shall be made in
the use or occupancy of any building or part thereof until
a permit for the proposed occupancy has been issued by
the Building Inspector. Such occupancy permit shall be
issued by the Building Inspector, if it is found that the
building complies with the provisions of this code for
the proposed occupancy, or, in the case of an existing
buildings, if the conditions prescribed in Clause 109,
Non-conforming Buildings are fulfilled. ~-~.
126 DANGEROUS BUILDINGS
Whenever, in the opinion of the Building Inspector, any
building or part thereof, is, by reason of its dilapidated
state, faulty construction or otherwise in an unsafe
condition as regards danger from fire or risk of accident,
the Building Inspector may give to the owner of such
building, or his agent, notice in writing specifying
wherein such unsafe condition exists, and upon receipt of
such notice the said owner, or his agent, shall forthwith
put such building or part thereof in a safe condition or
demolish same.
When, in the opinion of the Building Inspector, any building,
or part thereof, is in such condition that immediate
precautionary measures must be taken in order to avert an
accident, the Building Inspector may pull down, repair
or renew any such building, or part thereof, at the expense
of the owner, whether or not notice has first been given
to such owner or his agent, and such expense may be
recovered from such owner by action or may be recovered
in like manner as Municipal taxes.
128 ENFORCEMENTS
(a) Enforcement of Provisions of Code
Without prejudice to the operation of any other law,
it shall be the duty of the Building Inspector or his
assistants appointed by the Muncipal Council, to take
the necessary measures to institute proceedings against
any person who contravenes any of the provisions of this
code.
(b) Offences and Penalties
Everyone who contravenes any of the provisions of this
code or any requirements or obligations imposed on him
by virtue of this code, or who interferes with or obstructs
any person in the discharge of his duties under this code,
shall be guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction
to a fine not~ceeding Three Hundred (9300.00) Dollars and
costs. In the event of any person failing to carry out
the requirements or obligations imposed on him by virtue
of the provisions of this code, and if such requirements
or obligations are not complied with in accordance with
an order made by the Building Inspector, under the
provisions of this code, the Building Inspector may,
where he deems it necessary and advisable, enter upon the
premises in respect of which an order has been made and
carry out, at the expense of the responsible person, the
requirements or obligations referred to in the said order,
and the expense, if not paid on demand, may be recovered
with costs in a Court of competent jurisdiction, or it
may be recovered in the same manner as a debt due for
Municipal taxes on the land where the expense was incurred.
129 PERMIT FEES
Fees as prescribed herein shall be paid to the Building
Inspector before a Building Permit will be granted, including
Industrial and Commercial buildings:
(a) New Building, or re-erection of old building on new
site, other accessory building estimated value by the
Building Inspector not exceeding $4,000.00 ......... $7.50
For each additional $1,000.00 or major portion
thereof ......... $1.50
(b) Accessory Building, other than a private garage over
250 square feet in area cost not exceeding $4,000.00 .... $5.00
For each additional $1,000.00 or major portion
thereof ......... $1.50
(c) Private Garages, detached or attached per each car
accommodation or car port ........................... $5.00
(d) Demolition or removal of any building ............... $5.00
(e) Alterations and additions and repairs not exceeding
$2,000.00 ........................................... $5.00
For each additional $500. or major portion
thereof ......... $1.00
Occupancy Permit Fees
Fees as herein prescribed shall be paid to the Township
Treasurer before an occupancy permit will be granted:
(a) Permit to occupy a dwelling prior to its completion,
See 125 ......................................... $1.00
(b) Change of Occupancy, if no Building Permit
required ........ $2.00
130 APPLICATION New Buildings
No building, or any part of any building, shall hereafter
be constructed except in conformity with the provisions
of this code or National Building Code dated 1965. The
re-erection of any existing building on a new site shall
be deemed to be an erection of a new building._~----
Building Permits Issued Prior to Adoption of This Code
Any building in course of construction at the date of
enactment of this code, may be completed according to
the requirements at the time of the issue of the permit
for such uncompleted buildings.-~---
Alterations, additions, repairs and changes of use or
occupancy
General. ExceDt as provided in the following item "Non
Conforming Buildings" all alterations, additions, repairs
made hereafter, whether to existing buildings or to
buildings hereafter erected, shall conform to the require-
ments of this code, or the National Building Code, 1965.
Non Conforming Buildings
The following provisions shall apply when alterations,
additions, repairs or changes of use or occupancy are
made to existing buildings which for any reason whatsoeuer
do not conform to the requirements of the code
(a) Changed Use
If the existing use or occupancy of an existing building
is changed to a use or occupancy which would not be permitted
in a similar building hereafter erected which includes
the use of a summer cottage for an all year round dwelling,
the entire building shall be made to conform with the
requirements given herein for new buildings, unless the
Council in special cases otherwise permits.
(b) Increases in Height
The number of storeys in an existing building shall not
be increased unless the building and all existing proposed
additions and alterations are made to comply with all the
requirements of this code and a permit obtained in the
manner provided by this code.
(c) Structural Alterations and Repairs
Where any alteration or repair is made to the structural
portion of any building, such structural portion or such
part thereof as may be deemed necessary by the Building
Inspector, shall conform to the requirements of this code
for new buildings.~
131 Summer cottages, shall be lived in only between April 15th and November 15th each year and week ends.
(d) Continuous Foundation Wall
All dwellings shall have a continuous foundation wall
supporting the main outside wall of the structure, and
such foundation wall shall be placed on adequate footings
in accordance with the requirements of the National
Building Code dated 1965.
(e) Rooms in Cellars
No habitable rooms shall be in any cellar, provided that this
provision shall not be construed to prohibit play,
recreation, workshop or storage rooms in any cellar.
132 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
For the guidance of applicants for building permits see
the National Research Council of Canada, National
Building Code dated 1965.
133 Garages or other buildings, except dwellings shall not be lived in at any time.
134 Fuel Oil Tanks Inside Buildings
Every inside fuel oil tank shall be securely supported by
non-combustible supports.
No unenclosed inside fuel tank shall be located within
7 feet, horizontally, of any fire or fl~me, with the
exception of small fuel gravity tanks which are an integral
part of the appliance and which do not exceed 8 imperial
gallons. No fuel oil tanks exceeding 50 imperial gallons
capacity shall be located above the lowest storey, cellar
or basement.
Fuel oil tanks exceeding 250 gallons individual capacity,
or 500 gallons aggregate capacity shall be separated
from the remainder of the building by masonry construction.
All fuel oil piping and valves shall be of approved material
and shall be installed in accordance with approved g~od
engineering and commercial practice.
A readily accessible shut-off valve of approved type shall
be installed near each fuel oil tank and at other points
where required to avoid fuel oil spillage during servicing.
135 Fuel Oil Tank Vents
Every vent pipe shall terminate outside a building at a
point not less than 2 feet measured horizontally or
vertically from any window or other building opening
and shall terminate at least 7 feet above ground, unless
approved by the administrative official. (For other infor-
mation see National Building Code dated 1965, General
Services, Part 6)
136 BY-LAW NUMBER 2223 is hereby repealed and any other By-law
which is contrary to the provisions of this By-law shall
be repealed insofar as may be necessary to give full
effect to this By-law.
BY-LAW read a first and second time this ! y of , 1967.
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BY-LAW read a third time and passed this ~ay of J , 1967.
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Reeve ~ ./