HomeMy WebLinkAboutMillennial Square Report d
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The Millennial Square and the Waterfront Trail:
Celebration and Interpretation
Within the Context of a Three-part Trail System
A Report by Pickering's Arts and Heritage Communities.
March 4, 1999
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SIGNAGE 0�,�
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We conclude that the Primary Trailhead Signage for Pickering, be guided by the
Waterfront Regeneration Trust book, Design Signage and Maintenance Guidelines.
We endorse these guidelines. This document, prepared by Victor Ford Associates Inc.
(1997 ), contains illustrations, dimensions and costs of the various designs. We
particularly like the vertical variations page120.
To define many of the unique historical, environmental and cultural elements of
Pickering's Waterfront Trail we would like to see a more creative, artistic approach
used. One, that from a distance, would arouse curiosity and thereby attract people to
come closer. To educate people, one must first get their attention. See enclosed
photos.
MILLENNIUM SQUARE RECOMMENDATIONS
Many years ago, prior to the coming of the Europeans, the shoreline of
Pickering was graced with the majesty of thousands of tall, straight, white pine trees.
These products of the raw earth (and some would say the power of God) would sway
and blow in the winds off Lake Ontario. They were discovered by the first Europeans
who immediately considered them a valuable resource for masts for the ship building
industry. Thus began one of the first connections between the Old and the New World.
A very important and internationally recognised sculptor, Ron Baird, has
designed a maquette in the stylised form of a white pine tree. The completed kinetic
sculpture will be 42 feet in height. Its base or trunk is a pole which will move on a 360
degree axis in the wind. There are four large white "branches" which resemble a pine
tree, two of which are stationary and two of which are kinetic. In a wind, these latter two
branches move in a vertical form to become white sails from a ship in the wind.
WE RECOMMEND THIS SCULPTURE TO BE INSTALLED IN THE CENTRE OF
MILLENNIUM SQUARE. It will require little space, can have a seating component at
its base and will demand tremendous curiosity and interest , particularly from the top of
Liverpool road.
While we agree with the concept of the lighthouse to be used, perhaps, as a
historical or environmental Interpretive Centre, we do not agree that the best location
is on the Millennium Square. We see the Square as the meeting place of past, present,
future, a meeting place of all the trails coming together, a meeting place or the sense
of HOME, a meeting place of cultures. We question the integrity of the space if
something so important as this tourist attraction is crowded into this important
location.Without knowing all the politics of the land owner issues, we recommend the
ideal location to be on the east spit . Our alternative recommendations would be at
Port Pickering Marina, a location which would act as a catalyst to get people moving
around the BayTrail. Other possible locations would be at the north end of
Frenchman's Bay, (Westshore Community Centre area) or on either on the West spit
beach or on the beach, east toward the Nuclear Plant.
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The Millennial Square Within the Context of a Three-part Trail System:
Report by the Arts and Heritage Communities. 04.
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The development of a trail along Pickering's waterfront presents us with a singular
opportunity. More than merely adding a link to the cross-Canada trail, we have the
chance to create both an educational experience for users,and to define our municipality
within a healthy, desirable context by incorporating elements of our cultural and natural
history. Distinctive trail design has also the potential to invoke a symbolic journey- not
just by noting the events and peoples of our collective past, but also by encouraging a
reflection of ourselves at the passing of the Millennium.
The Millennial Square is the place for that reflection. It is a people place;a place for
gathering. It is a place for the celebration of the arts, perhaps the highest achievement of
our species-the ability to create beauty. It is a place for contemplation. The Square is
surrounded by water, a vital element of our being and one to which we are naturally
drawn. It is also surrounded by the much of the magnificent natural heritage with which
Pickering has been blessed. Some of that heritage is threatened by the forces of modern
society. The Square is a site from which we can monitor our success at mitigating those
threats, for we now know that if we do not take steps, the beauty of the site will fade.
The way to the Millennial Square,by way of the waterfront trail, marks the passage of
time. However, a lineal depiction of our progress through the ages, ranging from one
border to the other, proves to be artificial,arbitrary and just plain awkward. What does
work is the division of the trail into three well defined sections, each identified with a
common design element; from the Rouge to Frenchman's Bay; around the Bay,and east
to the Ajax border.
If, then, twin chronologies are extended from the borders inward, the foot of Liverpool
Road becomes a natural focal point, rather than a half-way mark along the waterfront.
The Millennial Square then serves as a destination, both physical and symbolic -a place
where we want to be.
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From the western side,the trail marks a succession of peoples culminating in our present '2
multicultural society. From the east, it marks the changes in our historical landscape 0+�►
since European settlement,covering the earliest days upon Duffin's Creek,through
forests and meadows, on past the massive modern infrastructure of the nuclear generating
station to the Millennial Square-a point where we may celebrate an enlightened -
appreciation of the our town, our society and ourselves. A trail around the Bay allows us
the opportunity to appreciate that world in its natural beauty. ,
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This interpretation of our natural and cultural history must be loosely structured,though,
in order that elements be examined within their immediate context i.e. an historical
feature may still be included on an environmental trail.
The installation of Baird's White Pine sculpture is the perfect symbol of our journey.
Many of Pickering's ancient pine stands are proving to be a result of uniform forest
regeneration from abandoned native maize fields. The pioneers found them an imposing
feature of the new land,to be tamed for settlement, and the tall, straight trunks of the
pines were prized by the Royal Navy for ship's masts. The application of Baird's concept
to Pickering's waterfront is nothing less than elegant. .
Gates or portals should mark the entrance to the trail from the eastern and western
"anchors." These points offer a prime opportunity to celebrate our Arts in conjunction
with Pickering's waterfront vision. Similarly,artistic elements may be incorporated into
our educational "signage,"keeping a common image to identify each section, but
allowing for additional inspiration and interpretation from individual artists. In this
manner, schools or the public at large may participate in the process and leave their own
signature on the Millennium.
The Waterfront Trail and the Millennial Square complement each other,as well as the
wisdom of their creators,the residents of Pickering. ,
LET US BE UNIQUE
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The First Nations Trail
A Celebration of Pickering's Native Heritage 0+
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In celebrating the changing of the Millennium, it must be recalled that this area has only
seen some 200 years since European settlement. One thousand years ago,Pickering was
home to numerous aboriginal peoples,and had been for about 11,000 years before that.
The First Nations Trail,ranging from the Rouge River to Frenchman's Bay, is so named
as to acknowledge these first inhabitants of Pickering. Interpretation of this section of the
trail will be designed to provide an understanding of both their identity and lifeways.
It is proposed that a native projectile point or"arrow head"graphic be used to symbolise
this part of the trail, although there also exist a variety of linear patterns, used to decorate
ceramic pottery, which could be incorporated into other design elements.
Note: Representatives of First Nations cultural groups will be asked to comment on this process in
order to avoid any perception of"appropriation of voice." ,
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Interpretive Signage •
GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL FORMATIONS
1. Escarpment/bluffs/erosion.
Distinguish between escarpment and bluff.Discuss erosion, its causes and its effects.
WATER COURSES
2. Rouge River.
Called the River Nen by Simcoe,the Rouge opened up the interior to natives and settlers
alike. It is an old river that pre-dates the last period of glaciation:
3. Petticoat Creek.
Originally known as Petit Cote, it is one of our last reminders that for 200 years,Pickering
was part of New France.
NATIVE HERITAGE
4. Introduction to the Western Trail-Pickering's First Nations Cultures.
The Town of Pickering has experienced 200 years of European settlement, but for
11,000 years previous it was the domain of the First Nations.The earliest are known as
Paleoindians,nomads who hunted game and gathered wild plant foods in the cooler
postglacial climate,living in a world of giant tigers,woolly mammoth and other extinct
megafauna. They were followed, 1000 years later,by peoples of the Archaic Period. The
development of ceramic pottery ca.2900 years ago marks onset of the Woodland Period,
which saw the rise of the various tribes which we recognise today. These paths trod
today are not far distant from those used since the last glacier finally retreated.
5. Archaic Period.Archaic tradition hunter/gatherers differed from the Paleoindians which
preceded them by their tool making styles,methods of exploiting their environment and
their growing population. This era lasted some seven thousand years
6. Woodland Period.
This tradition is marked by the use of pottery and the adoption of agriculture,which led to
a change from a nomadic existence to village life. One of the several phases of this era is a
pre-Iroquoin people known as"Pickering Culture",from a site discovered nearby.
7. The Toronto Passage.
The forks of the Rouge marked the southern terminous of an ages-old trading route which
led from Lake Ontario to the Upper Great Lakes by way of Lake Simcoe.
8. Huron Indians.
The Huron or Wyandot were an Iroquoin people who made their home in southern
Ontario from the late 14th to the mid-17th centuries. Conflict with their Iroquois cousins
to the south led to the abandonment of their territories,first of the north shore of Lake
Ontario, then the area of Huronia near Georgian Bay.
9. The Three Sisters.This was the common name for Corn,Beans&Squash. These three plants
formed the basis of native agriculture.
10. Longhouse.
The Huron and Iroquois First Nations lived in houses built from wooden poles and
intertwined saplings,shingled with bark. Some of these longhouses could stretch as far as
30 metres and were home to several families or an extended family grouping.
11. Pottery&Flint.
Much of what we know of First Nations lifeways comes from artifacts crafted of pottery
and stone. Both forms of technology bear characteristics that allow us to identify the
culture that used them,and draw conclusions about those peoples'activities.
12. Gandatsetiagon.
This First Nations village,located a few miles north of the mouth of the Rouge,was
occupied ca. 1665-1687 by Seneca from New York State. These Iroquois peoples
were drawn here by the Rouge Trail and a secure environment both fertile and rich in
game.
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13. Mississauga. .�
After the Iroquois abandoned the north shore ca. 1700, the Mississauga FirstNations OA
came to this region. They made their lives here until their lands were ceded to the A�
British,and the land was opened up to pioneers. Natives reportedly still lived in the area
in the mid-I 800s, but today the closest Mississauga community is located on the shores
of Lake Scugog
14. Gunshot Treaty.
In 1788,the First Nations of the Mississauga sold to the British Crown all of the lands
between Toronto and Trenton,and as far north as a gunshot could be heard. The northern
limits were set at Lake Simcoe.
FRENCH HERITAGE
15. Fur trading:
The riches to be exploited by the fur trade, primarily beaver skins, motivated both
European exploration and native expansion in Southern Ontario.
16. Etienne Brule:
Quite possibly the first European to visit this area was Ettiene Brule,a young scout of
Samuel de Champlain's. Indications are that,in 1615 he probably used the Rouge
Trail in his explorations of New France.
17. Francois de Salignac de Fenelon.
Fenelon,a Sulpician Priest,founded a short-lived teaching mission among the Seneca of
Gandatsetiagon. in 1669,making him the first European resident of the Toronto area.
18. Jean Pere&Adrien Jolliet.
French explorers who utilised the Passage de Toronto in 1669 on their quest for copper
near Lake Superior.
19. Jacques Rene de Brisay Denonville.
Governor Denonville of New France is perhaps best known for his punative expedition
against the New York Seneca in 1687,an action which prompted the abandonment
of Gandatsetiagon.
20. Jean Rousseau.
The French trader who was the last resident of old French Toronto and the first resident of
British York. Based on the Humber River, his business with the Mississauga took him all
along the north shore of the lake.
LAKE ONTARIO HERITAGE
21. Shipbuilding.
The mouth of the Rouge was home to a thriving shipbuilding industry from 1820 to the
middle of the century.By 1843, steam had replaced sail and the last schooner was
launched.
22. Stonehooking.
From 1820 to 1920,a fleet of stonehookers grappled stone from the shallows of the lake
for use as building materials.The trade was eventually restricted due to the resulting
erosion of the shoreline.
PUBLIC AREAS/ACTIVITIES
23. Petticoat Creek Conservation Area.
In 1965, William Moore's estate was purchased by the then Metropolitan Toronto and
Region Conservation Authority,who opened it as a public park in 1975.
PERSONS
24. Augustus Jones.
The first survey of the Toronto area,including Pickering,was carried out by Jones in 1791
at the behest of Lord Dorchester,Governor of Canada. It is said that it was he who named
the township of Pickering,after a town in his Yorkshire homeland.
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25. Cecil White.
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In the 1920s hired Italian architects to create the "Venice of North America"on the Rouge Cii,,,,,
River Some of the dredged channels are still visible,but the bridge that spanned the Nei
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Rouge from'Woodgr' ange to Westpoint Avenues has disappeared.
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26. ' Moore House.
Site of a magnificent home built ca. 1912 by writer and Member of Parliament,William
Moore. It was destroyed by fire in the 1930s but for years the ruins were known to locals
as"The Castle,"and the estate as"Moorelands"
27. Henry Cowan. .
Cowan and his son William purchased property at the mouth of the Rouge in a period
from 1832 to 1862.
28. Captain George Hill.
COMMUNITIES • ..
29. Beach communities. . , ,
30. Rosebank/Rosebank Nursery Camp.
31. ,Heritage buildings. (Newman house and others) i. -
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Peake Trail ?,
A Celebration of our European Heritage. p,
The plough is our
P g graphic for the eastern portion of the trail. It symbolises permanence,
the setting down of roots. Immigrants came here in the beginning from the United States
seeking land they could call their own. Then more immigrants came from Great Britain
and Ireland and other parts of Europe to take up the pioneering life. In the long run
people came to Pickering from all corners of the globe tearing out old roots, but
establishing new ones in their adopted home. The Peake Trail,named for Pickering's
earliest(European) settlers,will delineate the 200 years that have passed since the Peakes
ploughed their first furrow.
Interpretive Signage
GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL FORMATIONS
1. Lake Iroquois
The name given to the ancient lake formed by the melting of the glaciers. The old
shoreline can be seen running across Pickering in a northwesterly direction roughly about
the 3rd and 4th concessions.
2. Oak Ridges Moraine
The ridge which marks the northerly boundary of Pickering can be seen from many spots
along the lakeshore. It was formed by the convergence of two ice lobes.
3. Glacial till/till plain
The deposit left behind by the receding glaciers is known as till;the area between the
moraine and Lake Ontario is called a till plain.
4. Drumlins
The receding glaciers in some areas left oval-shaped hills known as drumlins. There are 2
drumlins along the Waterfront trail: one on which the community of Rosebank was built,
and one beside the nuclear power station on Montgomery Park Rd.
5. Sand spits
Discuss the formation of sand spits and their constant shifting action.
6. Ice volcanoes(Winter season only)
Ice volcanoes are conical peaks of shore ice that will form on the lakeshore if conditions
are right and will spout lake water through the crater as the waves surge beneath.
7. Drift
Examining Lake Ontario drift can be both an educational activity and a contribution to
science. It is the local equivalent of searching through tidal pools along the ocean.
WATER COURSES
8. Lake Ontario
Discuss the historic role the lake has played in Pickering's history: as a means of
transportation,as a route for exports and imports,as a place of recreation.
9. Duffin's Creek
Named supposedly derived from the name of an Irish fur trader who was reported to have
had a cabin in the area of what is now Pickering Village.
FLORA AND FAUNA&NATURAL HISTORY
Forest Zones
10. Great Lakes-St Lawrence Forest Region
Tree species: mixed conifers and deciduous.
The forest zone in which most of Pickering lies;an intermediate zone between
the Carolinian of the south and the Boreal of the north.This sign should be
placed in an area where a good variety of tree species may be found,and these
should be identified in some fashion.
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Habitats •
1 1. Hydro Marsh
Sign should describe the ecology of the marsh: high and low waters; N.
• sedimentation;types of vegetation;importance to wildlife;etc.
Birds •
Breeding birds •
112. • Black Tern/Common Tern
Provincially/regionally significant breeding bird species.
13. Red-tailed Hawk
An oft-sighted species flying in the area of the Alex Robertson Park and
Kinsmen Park;they breed in the area.
14. , > Black-crowned Night-Heron/Least Bittern
Species that roost in the marshes:Night-Herons easily seen;Bitterns
very shy and hard to find.
15. Northern Mockingbird
A species that is currently expanding its territory northward.
Mockingbirds may now be seen year-round within easy distance of the
waterfront.
Mammals
16. White-tailed Deer
Historically abundant in Pickering; still plentiful in the north of Pickering and
-sometimes can be seen along the waterfront. _`
17. Red Fox
Often seen from-the trail near Alex Robertson Park;one den is on a mound inside
the gates of the power plant.
18. Coyote
A species on the increase in southern Ontario,'and may be seen along the lake
front. -
Molluscs
Invasive
19. Orconectes rusticus
An invasive crayfish first reported in the Great Lakes at Duffin's Creek.
20. Unionid clams
Freshwater clams which in recent decades have undergone dramatic declines in
southern Ontario and throughout North America.Chart should show which
species are rare,threatened or endangered;a warning should be included against
collecting live specimens.
PUBLIC AREAS/ACTIVITIES
21. Beachfront Park
Located on a sand spit,on the lake side is a beach,on the north side is a pond with a good
variety of water fowl,in the middle is a playground.
22. Alex Robertson Park
A beautifully landscaped park, owned by Ontario Hydro,but maintained for public use by
the Town of Pickering,the park was named for a former long-time member of the town
council. -
23. Bay Ridges Kinsmen Park
This park has a playground,tennis courts,ball fields and§occer pitches.It is also the site
of the annual Canada Day celebrations.
24. Canada Day celebrations •
This annual event includes games and activities for children, displays and demonstrations,
an evening of entertainment,and a giant fireworks display as a grand finale.
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PRIVATE SITES
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25. Pickering Nuclear Generating Station OA_
(CANDU reactor)
One of the largest nuclear generating stations in the world;construction began in 1965 and N.
the first two reactors began producing electricity in 1971.
26. Duffin Creek Water Pollution Control Plant
Sewage treatment plant that services the towns of Newmarket,Aurora,Richmond Hill,
Markham, Vaugham,Pickering and Ajax.
HISTORIC SITES
Persons
27. Major John Smith/David William Smith
The first,and the largest,grant of land in Pickering Township was made to Major
Smith, who thereby controlled a large portion of the lakefront. Smith died in
1795 shortly after the grant was made.His land fell to his son,David William
Smith,the Surveyor General for Upper Canada,who,in addition,was himself
granted large acreage in Pickering.Neither father nor son ever lived in Pickering,
but the younger Smith made much money selling off lots over the years.
28. Abraham Knowles
Settled on Lot 20 of the Broken Front in the early 1830s and was the first to farm
this land(on which Kinsmen Park and part of the nuclear power station sit).He
was also a manufacturer of a patent medicine which he advertised as"the
celebrated German Oil",and was a founder of the Disciples'Church.
29. Timothy Rogers/Quaker settlement
Rogers,who had previously settled a number of families in Newmarket,was
responsible for bringing in a large settlement of Quakers to what is now the
Pickering Village area.Rogers also erected the first saw mill in Pickering
Township.
30. Gustave Plitz
Farmed the land around the Squires Beach area in the 1940s and 1950s;Ingrid,
Sandra and Susan Roads were named for his daughters. [Only one of the roads
presently has a street name sign up.]
31. William&Margaret Peake
The Peakes were the first permanent European settlers in Pickering. They settled
on the lakefront at Duffin's Creek.
Communities
32. Bay Ridges
The first subdivision to be built after World War II;built in the early 1960s.
33. Squires Beach
One of 5 beach communities in Pickering Township before World War II.
Transportation
34. Brock Road
The earliest north-south road in Pickering;it follows the route of an old native
trail, and when it was opened in 1808-1809 it connected the Quaker settlements
of Pickering,Uxbridge and Newmarket.Just to the north,along Kingston Road,
is Post Manor,built in 1841 by Jordan Post,and for many years served as an inn.
Sites
35. Simcoe Point
The point of land overlooking the mouth of Duffin's Creek. In 1912,John Henry
Greenlaw,a relative of the Peake's,built Simcoe House as a summer resort. It
was a popular destination for over a quarter of a century.
36.-?? Heritage buildings
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Hinterland
37. Bay Ridges farms O
A summary of the families that farmed the waterfront lots in,the years before the _
Bay Ridges subdivision was built.
38. Villages and Hamlets
A brief history of the villages and hamlets that grew up on the concessions north
of the waterfront,with a statement of how they contributed to the development
of the lakefront economy.
Other
39. Timeline
A series of display boards might be erected to summarize the most significant
events in the development of Pickering Township/Town over its 200-year
history.
40. Population fluctuations
Pickering experienced a rapid growth in population from its beginning about the
- year 1800 to past the middle of the century. Then,when the lumber supply ran
out and grain export declined because of American import duties,the population
went into a steady decline.Not until well into the 19th century did the population
' fully recover,and,of course,since the end of World War II,the population has
increased in great waves. A graph might plot these population fluctuations,and
an accompanying chart explain the reasons for the rise,decline and rise again.
41. People of note:
Pickering has been the home of a number of well-known individuals during its
200 year history:A series of boards might tell their stories briefly. Among the
naturalists Charles Fothergill and Francis Kortright;British Peer,Lord Hyde, Earl
of Clarenden;businessmen Charles Luther Burton and Victor Ross;writers Jack
Hambleton and Louise Richardson Rorke;editor John S. Willison;and Adelaide
McLaughlin,wife of Col. Sam McLaughlin.
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The Monarch(Environmental)Trail
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The point of convergence for the two historical trails provides the perfect opportunity to examine
our own relationship to the world around us.Frenchman's Bay,by virtue of its proximity to
modem-day urban development,is vulnerable to the stresses that we humans place upon our
ecosystem.Its environs are a sanctuary for all manner of wildlife,from coyotes on down to
aquatic plants, and the presence(or absence)of a life form provide an immediate indication of our
stewardship skills.It therefore serves as a barometer of the town's natural health.
In keeping with the concept of common design elements, we propose that the Monarch butterfly
be adopted as a representative symbol of the environmental trail around the Bay. This choice has
educational merit from both an historical as well as an environmental perspective.
Fred Urquhart,Professor Emeritus at the University of Toronto comments on both aspects in his
book "The Monarch Butterfly: International Traveller."
"Why was this particular species of butterfly given the name"monarch"?The early settlers who
came to North America from Europe,particularly those from England and Holland,were
impressed by the sight of such a magnificent butterfly, and so named it"Monarch"after King
William,prince of Orange,stateholder of Holland,and later king of England-its orange colour
no doubt suggesting its name."
"The monarch butterfly is an ideal insect for students in primary-and secondary schools who are
engaged in the study of basic natural science.The students learn by direct observation the amazing
transformation involved in insect metamorphosis, and the importance of conservation.The
monarch is used by many teachers to introduce students to the discipline of entomology and at the
same time to emphasise the important part played by insects in the"web of life."
The monarch is a frequent visitor to the area, in fact the Bay is sometimes used as a"staging area"
during the annual migration;it a place of rest before the long flight over Lake Ontario.The
monarch is a positive symbol,immediately recognised and appreciated for its beauty and as
symbol of hope. .06
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Monarch Trail '1'
A Celebration of our Natural Heritage. Oa_
GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL FORMATIONS. -
1. Mud flats
Explain the ecology;note the attraction to migrating shorebirds. '
2. Douglas Creek Ravine(old dam)
WATER COURSES
3. Frenchman's Bay
Include here such things as a general description,area covered,changes occurring in its
formation since the first records were kept,and its name.
4. Pine Creek(&other feeder creeks) `
FLORA AND FAUNA&NATURAL HISTORY
Forest Zones
5. Carolinian hardwood forest- .
Tree.species:Hemlock,white pine,white cedar, sugar maple,black cherry.
The western end of Frenchman's Bay marks the northern limit,and in Ontario,
the eastern limit, of the Carolinian(or southern deciduous)forest. Both the
Rouge River and the Petticoat Creek valleys include remnants of the Carolinian
forest. East and north of this area is the Great Lakes-St.Lawrence
Forest Region,a mix of conifers and hardwoods. Situated as it is at the boundary
of these two forest regions,Pickering accommodates species of both,making it
interestingly diverse. As with the sign explaining the Great lakes-St Lawrence
Forest Region,this sign should be placed in an area where a good variety of tree
species may be found, and the species should be identified.
Habitats
6. • - Marshes
Perhaps a series of boards might describe the various types of marshes, and
explain their ecology.
Vascular plants
7. White pine
A very important species for the early economy of Pickering Township.
8. Provincially rare plants
Small Beggar-ticks(Bidens discoidea)
Wild Lupine(Lapinus perennis)
Lower Great Lakes Cinquefoil
(Potentilla paradox)
Invasive
9. Purple Loosestrife
Birds
10. Breeding birds(34 species)
11. Migratory shorebirds
Swans/Geese/Ducks
12. Trumpeter Swan
The historical species,it was extirpated and eventually its place was
taken by the Mute Swan. In recent years,however,the Trumpeter has
been reintroduced and will in time,it is hoped, supplant the more
aggressive Mute.
Mammals
13. Opossum
A species that has expanded its range from the Niagara Peninsula into the Region
of Durham. A night forager,and not often seen in this area,it has been recorded
around Frenchman's Bay.,
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Fish 'tea
14. Spawning fish(44 species)
15. Salmon
Historically abundant and a major food source for Natives and early settlers;now
recovering after a long period of decline.
Insects
16. Monarch Butterfly
Because of the educational potential,it might be well to have a series of boards
explaining the ecology of the Monarch.
Amphibians
17. Amphibian monitoring/Auditory stations
An introduction to the various species in the area.Note that frogs and toads have
been in decline world-wide in recent years for reasons which are as yet little
understood. The establishment of auditory(or monitoring)stations will help
record the presence and numbers of species.
Reptiles
18. An introduction to the historic&present species with a discussion of their ecology,
especially their role in nature.
Molluscs
Invasive
19. Zebra Mussels
FRENCHMAN'S BAYHERITAGE
20. Lumber exports
Logs and sawn lumber, along with potash,were the exports which built Frenchman's Bay
into an important early port.
21. Grain(barley)exports/grain elevators
In the third quarter of the 19th century,grain,especially barley,was the chief export from
the bay. It was used in the distilleries of the USA. When the US imposed duties on the
grain imports it killed the trade and sent the port of Frenchman's Bay into decline.
22. Lighthouse
23. Wharfs(pylons at north end)
24. Ice houses(Lake Simcoe Ice and Fuel Co.)
25. Pickering Harbour Company(initial creation)
26. Dredging
27. Marinas
28. Avis hotel
29. Bootlegging
30. "Black Jack"&the Hattie C
Jack was a celebrated bootlegger who unfortunately came to an unhappy end when he ran
into a police ambush.
31. Frenchman's Bay Festival
An annual celebration of the bay held in June. Activities include live entertainment,
activities for the children,displays,carnival rides,and a popular street dance.
32.-?? Heritage buildings
PUBLIC AREAS/ACTIVITIES
33. Beachpoint Promenade
Beach, marsh,access to both bay and lake.
34. Bruce Hanscombe Memorial Park
Named for a local resident who was interested in preserving open spaces and parkland and
who promoted minor sports in the West Shore area,the park has paved pathways,a
playground,and an excellent view of the bay.
35. West Shore Community Centre
A town-owned, multi-use facility.
36. Douglas Park
A small community park with playground. - Vi"
HISTORIC SITES
Persons
37. William Dunbar
An immigrant from Scotland,Dunbar was a wheelwright by training.He was the
founder of Dunbarton,one of the organizers of the Pickering Harbour Company,
' an elder in the Presbyterian church, and a participant in the Rebellion of 1837.
Communities
38. Dunbarton Shores/Fairport Beach
One of the pre-war summer resort communities.
39. Post-war Subdivisions
Rapid growth in Pickering's population began in the late 1950s and spawned the
development of new subdivisions(which continues to this day). The first two
subdivisions were Bay Ridges and West Shore.
40. West Shore
The second post-war subdivision—after Bay Ridges.
41. Dunbarton
When it was laid out the hamlet of Dunbarton was on the bay,and was created to
serve as the bay's port.
42. Liverpool Market
A hamlet on the Kingston Road at the corner of Liverpool Street. It was the
access point to York/Toronto and to Kingston from Frenchman's Bay. The •
h. Liverpool House on the north west corner was an important stage coach stop.
43. Fairport
One of the earliest villages in Pickering,it was the centre for exports out of
Frenchman's Bay.Later it served as one of the popular summer resort
communities in Pickering Township.
Transportation
44. West Shore Blvd
45. Kingston Road .
The first road built through Pickering,it connected Toronto with Kingston.In its.
initial stage it was constructed by Asa Danforth,but soon began to deteriorate
and had to be rebuilt.
46. Baseline/Bayly St
The original road was named Baseline and it followed the baseline used by
Augustus Jones when he surveyed the waterfront in 1791. Its present name is
derived from Benjamin de Forest(Pat)Bayly,founder of Bayly Engineering
Limited of Ajax.
47. • Grand Trunk Rwy[&other Pickering railways] ..
Stations
Dunbarton culvert ,
The tunnel running under the CN tracks leads nowhere now but once
was the route through which the road ran to Dunbarton from the
baseline.
48. Liverpool Road
49. Front&Commerce Roads
Industry .
50. Forestry/ships masts
Hinterland
51: Forests(land clearing, lumber industry,products)
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