HomeMy WebLinkAbout3285 Sideline 20 (PLN 10-16)
CULTURAL HERITAGE PROPERTY
EVALUATION REPORT:
3285 Sideline 20, Pickering, Ontario
SUBMITTED TO:
The City of Pickering
One The Esplanade Pickering, Ontario
L1V 6K7
February 12, 2016
SUBMITTED BY: Laurie Smith Heritage
Consulting
4 Bullock Avenue Ottawa, Ontario
K1S 1G8
613-863-8852 laurie@smithheritage.ca
In partnership with:
Amy Barnes Consulting
and
Chris Uchiyama Heritage
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction to the Site ............................................................................................................................. 1
2 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 6
3 Policy Framework ....................................................................................................................................... 6
4 Historical Context ....................................................................................................................................... 8
5 Architecture and Design ........................................................................................................................ 10
5.1 Frame House ........................................................................................................................................ 10
5.1.1 Interior ........................................................................................................................................... 13
5.1.2 Basement ..................................................................................................................................... 13
5.2 Fieldstone Tail ....................................................................................................................................... 17
5.2.1 Interior ........................................................................................................................................... 17
5.3 Outbuildings ......................................................................................................................................... 20
5.3.1 Sheds ............................................................................................................................................. 20
5.3.2 Wooden Barn .............................................................................................................................. 20
5.4 Cultural Landscape ............................................................................................................................ 22
5.5 Archaeological Resources ................................................................................................................ 23
6 Contextual Background ......................................................................................................................... 25
7 Heritage Evaluation ................................................................................................................................. 26
7.1 Design or Physical Value ................................................................................................................... 26
7.2 Historic/Associative Value ................................................................................................................. 27
7.3 Contextual Value ................................................................................................................................ 28
7.4 Statement of Significance ................................................................................................................ 29
7.4.1 Description of Property .............................................................................................................. 29
7.4.2 Statement of Cultural Heritage Value .................................................................................... 29
7.4.3 Heritage Attributes ..................................................................................................................... 30
8 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 31
9 Sources ...................................................................................................................................................... 32
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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List of Figures
Figure 1: 3285 Sideline 20, Location and Boundary of Property Parcel (City of Pickering, 2015) ...... 2
Figure 2: 3285 Sideline 20, Context (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015) ................................. 3
Figure 3: Front elevation of 3285 Sideline 20 (CU, 2015). ........................................................................... 3
Figure 4: 3285 Sideline 20, Current Conditions (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015) ............. 4
Figure 5: The property comprises Parts 1 and 2 on Registered Plan 40R-10518. ................................... 5
Figure 6: 3285 Sideline 20 as shown on Detail from J.H. Beers & Co. 1877 Map of Pickering
Township (Base map source: Beers, 1877) .................................................................................................. 10
Figure 7: Original dichromatic brick cladding, pre-1963. (Photo courtesy of Jennifer Dempsey) .. 11
Figure 8: Front elevation. (CU, 2015) ............................................................................................................ 11
Figure 9: East elevation. (CU, 2015) ............................................................................................................. 12
Figure 10: West elevation. (CU, 2015) .......................................................................................................... 12
Figure 11: Detail of brick on front elevation with date of re-cladding and initials of Douglas and
Louise Raymond. (CU, 2015) ......................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 12: Interior, detail of flooring, front hall (CU, 2015) ........................................................................ 14
Figure 13: Interior, detail door casing and threshold. (CU, 2015) ........................................................... 14
Figure 14: Interior, window casing and crown moulding. (CU, 2015) ................................................... 15
Figure 15: Basement, fieldstone foundation walls and floor. (CU, 2015) .............................................. 15
Figure 16: Basement, support beam and floorboards. (CU, 2015) ........................................................ 16
Figure 17: Basement, stone and cinderblock walls. (CU, 2015) ............................................................. 16
Figure 18: Fieldstone tail, eastern elevation. (CU, 2015) .......................................................................... 17
Figure 19: North elevation. (CU, 2015) ......................................................................................................... 18
Figure 20: Detail of roughly squared stones along corners. (CU, 2015) ................................................ 18
Figure 21: Detail of door, hardware, wainscoting and chair rail. (CU, 2015) ...................................... 19
Figure 22: Large hearth/fireplace. (CU, 2015) ........................................................................................... 19
Figure 23: Wooden outbuildings to the northeast of house. (CU, 2015) ............................................... 20
Figure 26: Barn at the north end of property. (CU, 2015) ........................................................................ 21
Figure 25: Barn interior. (CU, 2015) ............................................................................................................... 21
Figure 24: Water pump, western elevation. (CU, 2015) ........................................................................... 22
Figure 25: Front lawn, facing south. (CU, 2015) ......................................................................................... 23
List of Tables
Table 1: Factors Indicating Archaeological Potential or Lack of Archaeological Potential ........... 24
Table 2 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 1. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 26
Table 3 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 2. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 28
Table 4 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 3. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 29
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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1 Introduction to the Site
Laurie Smith Heritage Consulting, in partnership with Amy Barnes Consulting and Chris Uchiyama
Heritage, was retained by the City of Pickering in April 2015 to undertake a Cultural Heritage
Property Evaluation of the property listed as 3285 Sideline 20 in Pickering, Ontario.
The property, also known as the John Hastings House, is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale,
on the east side of Sideline 20, north of Whitevale Road. It is a rectangular parcel, 0.79 hectares
(1.95 acres) in area comprising part of Lot 20, Concession V Pickering Township, in the City of
Pickering, Ontario (Figure 1). The property is surrounded by agricultural lands, including 19th and
20th century farmsteads (Figure 2).
The main built resource on the property is a one-and-a-half-storey, brick-clad, frame house built
in the Ontario Cottage style (c.1861) with a one-and-a-half-storey stone tail extending off the
rear of the house (Figure 3). The precise date of construction of the stone tail is unknown, but it
appears to predate the frame section. The frame section has been heavily altered in its
cladding, proportions and openings. Two large wooden sheds are located to the northeast of
the house. A large wooden barn is located north of the house (Figure 4). The house is surrounded
by a grassed lawn and a number of mature coniferous and deciduous trees form a windbreak
along Whitevale Road and Sideline 20.
The property being evaluated comprises Registered Parts 1 and 2 on Plan 40R10518 (Figure 5).
Part 2 is a rectangular parcel comprising .212 hectares (.524 acres). Part 1 is a U-shaped parcel
comprising .587 hectares (1.451 acres) that surrounds Part 2 on three sides. Both parts are
privately owned by Francis (Frank) and Jennifer Dempsey. Part 1 is subject to a 99-year lease to
the Province of Ontario. The house and one shed are situated entirely within Part 2. The second
shed straddles the boundary between Parts 1 and 2. The large wooden barn straddles the
boundary between Part 1 and adjacent property to the north, with the northern wall of the barn
located on the adjacent property. The adjacent property is owned by the Province of Ontario.1
3285 Sideline 20 is not listed in the City of Pickering Municipal Heritage Register (2008).
1 Pers. Comm. Cristina Celebre, City of Pickering, emails dated February 2016.
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Figure 1: 3285 Sideline 20, Location and Boundary of Property Parcel (City of Pickering, 2015)
LAURIE SMITH HERITAGE CONSULTING
3285 Sideline 20
CON 5 N PT LOT 20
NOW RP 40R10518 PART 1,2
PIN: 26402-0007
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 2: 3285 Sideline 20, Context (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015)
Figure 3: Front elevation of 3285 Sideline 20 (CU, 2015).
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Figure 4: 3285 Sideline 20, Current Conditions (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 5: The property comprises Parts 1 and 2 on Registered Plan 40R-10518.
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LAURIE SMITH HERITAGE CONSULTING
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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2 Methodology
This cultural heritage evaluation was conducted using the criteria in O.Reg. 9/06, under the
Ontario Heritage Act. The evaluation was based on information contained in previous reports on
the site, additional historical research, and a site visit of the property. The City of Pickering
excluded public and stakeholder consultation from the consultant contract, except for the
purposes of historical research.
The heritage value of the property has previously been examined in the following reports (listed
chronologically):
• Hough, Stansbury, Woodland, Naylor, Dance Limited – Prime Consultants, D.R. Poulton &
Associates – Archaeological Assessments and Excavations, André Scheinman – Heritage
Preservation Consultant, Seaton Cultural Heritage Resources Assessment: Technical
Appendix. Report prepared for the Seaton Interim Planning Team, Ministry of Municipal
Affairs and Housing, July 1994.
• Bray Heritage, Seaton Neighbourhood Planning Background Report: Whitevale Road
Heritage Corridor Review. Report prepared for the City of Pickering, May 2010.
Sources for additional historical research are noted in the “Sources” section at the end of this
document. All legal descriptions and boundary maps were provided by the city.
An exterior and interior site visit was undertaken on June 18, 2015 by Amy Barnes, M.A. and Chris
Uchiyama, M.A. Access was provided by the owner.
3 Policy Framework
In Ontario, the Provincial Policy Statement 2014 (“PPS 2014”), issued under s. 3 of the Planning
Act, provides policy direction on matters of provincial interest related to land use planning and
development.2 Land use planning decisions made by municipalities, planning boards, the
Province, or a commission or agency of the government must be consistent with the PPS 2014.3
The PPS 2014 provides that “significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage
landscapes shall be conserved” and “development and site alteration shall not be permitted on
lands containing archaeological resources or areas of archaeological potential unless
significant archaeological resources have been conserved”.4 “Significant” means “resources
that have been determined to have cultural heritage value or interest for the important
contribution they make to our understanding of the history of a place, an event, or a people.”5
These resources and landscapes are conserved through their “identification, protection,
2 PPS 2014, Part I: Preamble.
3 PPS 2014, Part III: How to Read the Provincial Policy Statement.
4 PPS 2014, s. 2.6.1 and 2.6.2.
5 PPS 2014, s. 6.0, Definitions, at p. 49.
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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management and use…..in a manner that ensures their cultural heritage value or interest is
retained under the Ontario Heritage Act.”6
Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (“OHA”) permits municipalities to designate individual
properties that are of cultural heritage value or interest, based on criteria set out in Ont. Reg.
9/06.7 Designation is done by by-law and includes a description of the property and a statement
explaining the cultural heritage value or interest of the property and a description of the
heritage attributes of the property. Part V of the OHA permits municipalities to designate
heritage conservation districts consisting of multiple properties, and adopt a district plan for
managing change.8 A property that is included in an area designated as a heritage
conservation district may subsequently be individually designated under Part IV.9 Municipalities
must keep a register of property that is of cultural heritage value or interest. In addition to
designated properties, the register may include other property that the municipality believes to
be of cultural heritage value or interest.10 The OHA provides processes for a municipality to
approve proposed alterations, demolition or removal of resources on designated properties or
within a heritage conservation district, and requires notice be given to a municipality for
proposed alterations, demolition or removal of resources on non-designated properties listed on
the register.11
Part IV OHA (individual property designation by municipalities) and Part V OHA (heritage
conservation district designation) do not apply to property that is owned by the provincial
government or by a prescribed public body. Ontario Infrastructure and Lands Corporation is a
prescribed public body. However, municipalities may include properties owned by the
provincial government or a prescribed public body in the municipal register of non-designated
properties.12
Property that is privately owned but is occupied or controlled by the provincial government or a
prescribed public body, such as through a lease, may be designated under Part IV OHA.13 The
Standards & Guidelines for Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties will be used by the
province to manage the property. If there is a conflict between the Standards and Guidelines
and the provisions of a Part IV designation, the Part IV designation prevails.14
The City of Pickering has adopted a policy to respect and conserve cultural heritage resources
as part of the City of Pickering Official Plan (Edition 6).15 City Council shall identify important
cultural heritage resources from all time periods, and prevent the demolition, destruction or
6 PPS 2014, s. 6.0, Definitions, at p. 40.
7 OHA, Part IV, s. 29.
8 OHA, ss. 41 and 41.1.
9 OHA, s. 41(2).
10 OHA, ss. 27(1.1) and (1.2).
11 OHA, ss. 27 (3), 33, 34 and 42.
12 OHA, s. 26.1(1) and (3).
13 OHA, ss. 25.2 (2)(a) & (b).
14 OHA, ss. 26.1 (2).
15 City of Pickering Official Plan (Edition 6), Chapter Eight – Cultural Heritage.
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inappropriate alteration of important cultural heritage resources to the extent possible (s. 8.2).
City Council shall maintain an inventory of heritage resources designated or worthy of
designation under the OHA (s. 8.7). City Council shall encourage the preservation or excavation
of important archaeological sites (s. 8.10). Amendment 22 to the Pickering Official Plan,
approved by the Ontario Municipal Board in 2013, specifically provides that the Seaton Urban
Area shall be planned as a sustainable community, based on seven key sustainability principles,
including to “protect cultural heritage resources and archaeological resources”.
4 Historical Context
The house at 3285 Sideline 20 is located on part of Lot 20, Concession 5, Pickering Township, east
of the hamlet of Whitevale. Pickering Township was first surveyed in 1797 and Crown patents
were issued shortly afterwards. The land around Whitevale was not settled until the early 1820s,
when United Empire Loyalist John Major (1768-1831) built a saw mill on the banks of West Duffins
Creek. A small settlement, known as Major Mills or Majorville, began to take shape along
Concession 5. Major was an Irish emigrant who had settled first in Vermont, and then fled with
his wife Margaret to Nova Scotia during the American Revolutionary War, becoming a member
of the 84th Regiment of the Loyalist Corps. After the War of 1812, he accepted a grant of land in
Pickering Township. Major was a key part of the early community – his home is noted as the
location for a meeting of township officials in 1822.16 The many direct descendants of John
Major are credited as being “among the important constituents of the later population of the
township”.17
In 1843, Ira White purchased Major’s sawmill and put his son, Truman P. White, in charge of
operations.18 An ambitious industrialist, T.P. White further leveraged the power of the West Duffins
Creek and developed the milling site to include a flour mill. During the 1850s and 1860s, the
settlement grew into an industrial centre with the addition of: a planing mill (1866); a stave and
heading factory, T.P. White’s wool factory (1867); a sash and door factory; a wagon and steam
carriage factory; and the P.R. Hoover and Co. cheese factory. Commercial enterprises
included: a general store; a butcher shop; Major Hotel; and a tinsmith shop. Anticipating the
growth of the community, T.P. White registered two survey plans, one in 1857 and an amended
plan in 1860. The 1869 Ontario Gazetteer and Directory indicates that hamlet’s population was
approximately 300 that year. John Shier’s 1870 plan of subdivision was the first time that
“Whitevale” was used as the name of the community, in honour of T.P. White; although the mills
continued to be called “Majors Mills.”
16 Scheinman, 2004: 10. Major accepted a grant of Lot 18, Concession 5, Pickering Township.
17 William Wood, Past years in Pickering From Pickering collection ‘sketches of the history of the
community’. 1911: 264.
18 Unterman McPhail, 1989: 2-2.
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The patent for 200 acres comprising Lot 20, Concession 5 was part of an 1802 Crown grant to
Isabella Hill comprising several lots along Concession 5, including lots 22, 23, 24, 29, and 30.19 Lot
20 was sold, along with several other properties, to James Tinline in 1836, although there is no
evidence that he ever settled on the property. The property was acquired by Nathaniel Hastings
in 1851; although the sale was not registered until 1856.20 The 1851 Agricultural Census lists
Nathaniel Hastings as owning and farming 100 acres in both Lot 20 and Lot 24, Concession 5; the
latter being the location of the Hastings farmstead. The census suggests that 65 acres of Lot 20
were being actively cultivated, under crops21, in 1851.22 Given that Hastings’ pastures, garden
and orchard were all located on Lot 24, it is reasonable to presume that the house on Lot 20 had
not yet been constructed. The nominal census from that year indicates that the Hastings
farmhouse was a one-and-a-half-storey stone structure in which Nathaniel lived with his wife,
Elizabeth (née Thornbeck) and 11 children.23 This house still stands at 1130 Whitevale Road.
The 1861 Agricultural Census lists John Hastings as farming the south half of Lot 20, comprising 99
acres.24 Of the 73 acres under cultivation, 12 were under pasture with one acre of orchard or
garden.25 The Nominal Census of that same year lists John Hastings, his wife Sarah and their one
year old son Alvin. It indicates that they were living in their own one-and-a-half-storey frame
house. This likely refers to the frame portion of the house facing Whitevale Road.
The precise date of construction of the fieldstone building and extension are unknown. One self-
guided tour pamphlet26 suggests a date of construction as early as the 1830s and the 1994
Hough, Stansbury, Woodland, Naylor, Dance Limited report suggests that the stone tail may be
the original house. The construction materials, proportions and primitive style of the house
strongly suggest a mid-19th century date of construction; however, it is unclear why the house
was not indicated as stone and frame on the 1861 Census.
John Hastings died of pneumonia in March 1917 at the age of 85. Both his place of death and
place of burial were listed in the register as Lot 20, Concession 5, Pickering Township.27 Upon his
death the property was transferred to his nephew, Ambrose Hastings. In 1963 the property was
sold, by the Estate of Ambrose Hastings, to Douglas and Louise Raymond. That same year, the
19 Land Registry Office #40, Microfilm Reel E44, p. 107 and Pickering Women’s Institutes,
Tweedsmuir History, [1966]:21 accessed online August, 2015 at
http://www.pada.ca/books/page/?pageid=369&keywords=isabella+hill.
20 LRO#40, 107.
21 Primarily peas, oats, potatoes and turnips.
22 Census of 1851, Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia; Pickering
Township, Ontario County, Canada West; Schedule B: Roll C11742. Page 277-279, lines 20-21.
23 Census of 1851, Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia; Pickering
Township, Ontario County, Canada West; Schedule A: Roll C11742. Pages 199-200, lines 1-13.
24 The remaining acre of the 100 acre south half of the lot is presumably the Hastings Cemetery
which is located in the southeast corner of the lot.
25 1861, Census of 1861 (Canada East, Canada West, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and
Nova Scotia); Roll C-1059; Schedule B; page 35; line 48.
26 Whitevale & District Residents’ Association, Heritage Pickering and the Pickering Township
Historical Society, n.d.,
27 Archives of Ontario, Registrations of Deaths, 1869-1938; Series: MS 935; Reel: 234; Page 110.
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Raymonds undertook extensive renovations to the one-and-a-half-storey frame portion of the
house facing Whitevale Road. The house was widened on either side and the dichromatic brick
cladding was replaced with heavily mortared white brick, although many of the interior features
were retained along with the three-bay façade, and lancet arch gable window.
In 1974 the property was expropriated by the Province. It was then leased to the Raymonds. The
grant appears to have been transferred to the Raymonds in June, 1988; at which time it
became the subject of a lease agreement between the Raymonds and the Crown.28
Figure 6: 3285 Sideline 20 as shown on Detail from J.H. Beers & Co. 1877 Map of Pickering Township (Base map source: Beers, 1877)
5 Architecture and Design
The farmhouse at 3285 Sideline 20 is a one-and-a-half-storey, brick-clad, frame farmhouse (built
c. 1861) with a one-and-a-half-storey, kitchen tail. Two one-storey, wooden sheds are situated to
the northeast of the house. A two–storey, wooden barn that is historically associated with the
Hastings farmstead is located north of the house.
5.1 Frame House
The one-and-a-half–storey, frame house is constructed on a rectangular plan with a long, three-
bay façade and a long, one-and-a-half–storey, fieldstone tail extending from the rear (north),
forming a T-shape. The house sits at grade and the foundation is not visible from the exterior. The
house has been heavily altered. The heavily mortared, white-brick cladding dates to 1963 when
the building was widened at both ends. It replaced the earlier dichromatic brick (red brick with
yellow brick quoins and headers). The earlier building is shown on a pre-1963 photo held by the
28 LRO#40, Land Abstracts. Microfilm Roll ER44.
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current owner (Figure 6). In addition to the removal of the original dichromatic brickwork, the
photo indicates that the windows on the front elevation have been widened and features such
as the finial at the central gable peak and chimneys at either end of the building have been
removed. Windows and glazing on the side elevations are also replacements, although the
shape and placement of the lancet arch window below the central gable has been retained. A
transom has been added above the front entrance.
Figure 7: Original dichromatic brick cladding, pre-1963. (Photo courtesy of Jennifer Dempsey)
Figure 8: Front elevation. (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 9: East elevation. (CU, 2015)
Figure 10: West elevation. (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 11: Detail of brick on front elevation with date of re-cladding and initials of Douglas and Louise Raymond. (CU, 2015)
5.1.1 Interior
Although the interior of the building was also altered during the 1960s renovation, some interior
finishes remain intact, including: the wide-plank, pine flooring and thresholds, door casings and
several window casings, and chamfered second floor ceilings. The front staircase provides
access to the south portion of the stone tail and to the bedroom on the second storey of the
frame building, up a short set of steps.
5.1.2 Basement
The basement, which extends under the frame portion of the house, is accessed from the
kitchen. It is unfinished with a dirt and concrete floor. The fieldstone foundation has a white
interior limewash. Exposed support logs and floorboards are visible from the basement.
Cinderblock walls have been added in portions of the basement which were dug out for the
installation of various systems (electrical, heating/cooling, and plumbing).
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Figure 12: Interior, detail of flooring, front hall (CU, 2015)
Figure 13: Interior, detail door casing and threshold. (CU, 2015)
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Figure 14: Interior, window casing and crown moulding. (CU, 2015)
Figure 15: Basement, fieldstone foundation walls and floor. (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 16: Basement, support beam and floorboards. (CU, 2015)
Figure 17: Basement, stone and cinderblock walls. (CU, 2015)
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5.2 Fieldstone Tail
The one-and-a-half-storey, fieldstone tail (mid-19th century) extends to the rear of the frame
house. It was constructed in two portions; an earlier three-bay building that faces Sideline 20,
and an extension to its north with a door on the north elevation. Both sections have a gable roof.
The randomly coursed fieldstone building is constructed on a long rectangular plan with larger
stones along corners and rough stone headers above openings. On both of the east and west
elevations, the earlier three-bay portion of the building has a central doorway flanked by
rectangular windows. Smaller rectangular windows are located directly above the first floor
windows. A wide, stone chimney is located at the north end of the three-bay portion of the
building, above the kitchen hearth. The extension of the fieldstone tail is accessed through a
door at the centre of the north elevation. A rectangular window is located directly above the
door, below the gable. Windows are also located on the first floor of the extension on both the
east and west elevation.
5.2.1 Interior
Interior finishes have been well-maintained throughout the stone tail, including: door and
window casings, wooden interior doors with 19th-century hardware, wide pine flooring, and a
large brick hearth.
Figure 18: Fieldstone tail, eastern elevation. (CU, 2015)
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Figure 19: North elevation. (CU, 2015)
Figure 20: Detail of roughly squared stones along corners. (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3285 Sideline 20, Pickering ON February 12, 2016
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Figure 21: Detail of door, hardware, wainscoting and chair rail. (CU, 2015)
Figure 22: Large hearth/fireplace. (CU, 2015)
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5.3 Outbuildings
5.3.1 Sheds
Two, one–storey, wooden sheds are located to the northeast of the house. Both have
rectangular plans with gable roofs. The southernmost building has a metal roof, vertical wood
plank cladding, and a sliding bay door. An interesting feature of this outbuilding is the pair of
large, multi-lite windows on the south elevation – one with 24 panes and the other with 20 panes.
The second outbuilding is wood-frame construction with particle board cladding. Both likely
date to the mid-20th century.
Figure 23: Wooden outbuildings to the northeast of house. (CU, 2015)
5.3.2 Wooden Barn
A large English barn with a stone foundation and a timber-frame, upper storey is located north
of the house and is associated with John Hastings’ farmstead. The barn is well maintained by the
current owners. It is surrounded by a wooden fence. Although the majority of the barn is located
within the Dempsey property (Part 1), the north wall is located on the adjacent property that is
owned by the Province of Ontario (Figure 5). Little is known about the history of the barn, but its
stone foundation suggests that it was first built during the mid-19th century, possibly
contemporaneous with the stone tail. The upper wooden structure appears to have been
repaired and elements replaced over time, but it retains the basic, gable-roofed shape typical
of mid-to-late 19th century barns.
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Figure 24: Barn at the north end of property. (CU, 2015)
Figure 25: Barn interior. (CU, 2015)
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5.4 Cultural Landscape
The farmhouse is surrounded by a grassed lawn and a number of mature, coniferous and
deciduous trees which form windbreaks along Sideline 20 and Whitevale Road. A well and
pump are located to the west of the house. A gravel laneway from Sideline 20 branches three
ways: one branch towards the house; one to the outbuildings; and one to the barn (Figure 4).
Figure 26: Water pump, western elevation. (CU, 2015)
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Figure 27: Front lawn, facing south. (CU, 2015)
5.5 Archaeological Resources
Although the archaeological potential of the general area in and around the property is well
documented29 the archaeological potential of the property, itself, will be addressed in this
section.
Archaeological potential determination is based on a number of factors related to the
attractiveness of a site for either temporary or permanent human occupation. Archaeological
features that are considered when determining potential are generally related to basic
necessities of survival (e.g., proximity to water), access to transportation (e.g., historic
transportation routes, trails, and navigable watercourses), or access to resources (e.g., raw
materials for tool making or construction, or food resources).
The Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport lists in its 2010 Standards and Guidelines for
Consultant Archaeologists30 a series of features that are considered, in Ontario, to be related to
archaeological potential, or removal of archaeological potential. These are summarized in
Table 1.
29 See Hough Stansbury Woodland Naylor Dance Limited et. al., 1994 and Scheinman, 2004 for an overview of archaeological research in the area.
30 Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport. Standards and Guideline for Consultant Archaeologists.
2011: 17-18.
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Table 1: Factors Indicating Archaeological Potential or Lack of Archaeological Potential
Archaeological Feature 3285 Sideline 20 (y/n)
Previously identified archaeological sites Y
Water sources:
Primary water sources (lakes, rivers, streams, creeks) Y
Secondary water sources (intermittent streams, creeks,
marshes) N
Features indicating past water sources (e.g., glacial lake
shorelines, relic river or stream channels) N
Accessible or inaccessible shoreline N
Elevated topography (e.g. eskers, drumlins, plateau) N
Pockets of well-drained sandy soil, especially near areas of heavy
soil or rocky ground Not assessed
Distinctive land formations that might have been special or
spiritual places such as waterfalls, rock outcrops, caverns, mounds
and promontories and their bases.
N
Resource areas:
Food or medicinal plants Not assessed
Scarce raw materials N
Early Euro-Canadian industry (e.g., fur trade, logging, prospecting, mining) N
Areas of early Euro-Canadian settlement Y
Early historical transportation routes Y
Property listed on a municipal register or designated under the
Ontario Heritage Act or that is a federal, provincial or municipal
historic landmark or site
N
Property that local histories or informants have identified with
possible archaeological sites, historical events, activities, or occupants N
Archaeological potential can be determined not to be present if the site has been subject to modern extensive and deep land
alterations such as: quarrying; sewage and infrastructure
development; building footprints; or major landscaping involving
grading.
N
Based on a review of these factors, the property at 3285 Sideline 20 exhibits archaeological
potential.
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6 Contextual Background
3285 Sideline 20 is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, on the east side of Sideline 20, north
of Whitevale Road. The property is surrounded by agricultural lands, including 19th and 20th
century farmsteads. A creek runs through Lot 20, Concession 5, approximately 200 m north of the
property at its closest point.
The relict Hastings Cemetery is located to the east of the property, in the southeast corner of Lot
20, Concession 5. Members of the Hastings, Smith and Picket families are buried here. The
cemetery was established prior to the transfer of the property from Nathaniel Hastings to John
Hastings in 1865. A number of limestone grave markers survive in various states of repair, as well
as an unknown number of unmarked burials.
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7 Heritage Evaluation
The property and associated resources have been evaluated for Cultural Heritage Value or
Interest (CHVI) under Ontario Regulation 9/06 Criteria for Determining Cultural Heritage Value or
Interest under the Ontario Heritage Act. A summary of the evaluation based on the criteria is
presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4 below.
7.1 Design or Physical Value
The one-and-a-half-storey frame house was built as an Ontario Cottage, a common type in the
area, particularly within the Whitevale HCD. The house has been extensively altered in its
proportions, openings and exterior cladding and no longer serves as a representative example
of its type.
Exterior aspects of the stone tail, including its randomly coursed fieldstone walls, roughly squared
stone quoining and headers, and three-bay east and west elevations provide a representative
example of mid-19th century materials and construction methods in this rural community. Other
properties with fieldstone construction include: 750 Whitevale Road (c.1855), 940 Whitevale
Road (c.1835, c.1860), 1130 Whitevale Road (1835-40) and 1389 Whitevale Road (1851-61).
The barn follows construction conventions for mid-to-late 19th century agricultural buildings,
including a stone foundation and timber-frame top with vertical wood cladding. Although
elements have been replaced and repaired over time, it retains its 19th century shape and
proportions.
Table 2 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 1. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
1. The property has design value or physical value because it,
i. is a rare, unique,
representative or early example of a style, type, expression, material, or
construction method,
Y
The one-and-a-half-storey Ontario Cottage style frame building is not a rare, unique,
representative or early example of a style,
type, expression, material, or construction
method.
The fieldstone tail is a representative
example of the stone materials and
construction methods used by mid-19th
century settlers in this farming community, including its randomly coursed fieldstone
construction, roughly squared stone headers
and quoins, and three-bay facades with central door on the east and west elevations.
The well-maintained, large wooden barn
located north of the house is a representative example of 19th century
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O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
agricultural architecture.
The sheds located on the property are not
rare, unique, representative or early examples of a style, type, expression,
material, or construction method.
ii. displays a high degree of
craftsmanship or artistic
merit, or
N The property does not display a high degree
of craftsmanship or artistic merit.
iii. demonstrates a high degree
of technical or scientific achievement. N
The property does not demonstrate a high
degree of technical or scientific achievement.
The property at 3285 Sideline 20 meets the criteria for design or physical value under O.Reg. 9/06.
7.2 Historic/Associative Value
The property at 3285 Sideline 20 is associated with the mid-19th century agricultural history of the
area. The property has been actively farmed since at least 1851 and was associated with the
Nathaniel Hastings farmstead in Lot 24, Concession 5 until ownership was transferred to his son in
1856. The frame farmhouse was constructed by John Hastings prior to 1861; the stone tail was
likely constructed earlier. The farmstead remained in the Hastings family until 1963. The extensive
alterations to the frame section of the house in the 1960s have compromised its integrity and the
strength of its historical associations with the Hastings and the 19th century agricultural history of
the area.
3285 Sideline 20 also exhibits archaeological potential, given its proximity to a number of
archaeological features outlined in the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sports Standards
and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists,31 including: elevated topography, known pre-
contact and Euro-Canadian archaeological sites, an early historical transportation route, and as
a property listed on the Municipal Heritage Register (2008) and designated under Part V of the
Ontario Heritage Act. The property has also not undergone any recent or extensive ground
disturbances which might indicate the removal of archaeological potential. As a result, the
property has the potential to yield information that contributes to an understanding of a
community or culture.
31 Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport. Standards and Guideline for Consultant Archaeologists.
2011: 17-18.
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Table 3 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 2. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
2. The property has historical value
or associative value because it,
i. has direct associations with a
theme, event, belief, person,
activity, organization or
institution that is significant to
a community,
Y
An active farm since the mid-19th century until the late 20th century, the property is
associated with the early agricultural history
of the area.
ii. yields, or has the potential to
yield information that contributes to an
understanding of a
community or culture, or
Y
Given that the property surrounding the
farmhouse and outbuildings has not been recently and significantly altered, it has the
potential to yield information that
contributes to the understanding of the
community or a pre-contact culture.
iii. demonstrates or reflects the
work or ideas of an architect, artist, builder, designer or
theorist who is significant to a
community.
N Designer or builder unknown.
The property at 3285 Sideline 20 meets the criteria for historical or associative value under O.Reg.
9/06.
7.3 Contextual Value
Located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, on the east side of Sideline 20, north of Whitevale
Road, the property is a contributing element of the 19th century agricultural landscape along
Whitevale Road corridor. The property is surrounded by agricultural lands, including 19th and 20th
century farmsteads. It is historically linked to the Hastings Cemetery to the east. Members of the
Hastings family (as well as members of the Smith and Pickett family) are buried in the Hastings
Cemetery.
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Table 4 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3285 Sideline 20 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 3. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
3. The property has contextual
value because it,
i. is important in defining,
maintaining or supporting
the character of an area, Y
The property is a contributing element of the
19th century agricultural landscape along
the Whitevale Road corridor, leading into the Whitevale HCD.
ii. is physically, functionally, visually or historically linked
to its surroundings, or
Y The property is historically linked to the Hastings cemetery to the east, in the
southeast corner of Lot 20.
iii. is a landmark. N 3285 Sideline 20 is not a landmark.
The property at 3285 Sideline 20 meets the criteria for contextual value under O.Reg. 9/06.
7.4 Statement of Significance
7.4.1 Description of Property
3285 Sideline 20, Pickering, Ontario is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, on the east side of
Sideline 20, north of Whitevale Road. It is a rectangular parcel, 0.79 hectares (1.95 acres) in area
comprising part of Lot 20, Concession 5, Pickering Township.
The property includes a one-and-a-half-storey, frame house with a one-and-a-half-storey, stone
tail extending to the rear; as well as two wooden sheds dating to the 20th century; and a large,
19th century wooden barn with a fieldstone foundation. The frame house was likely built c1861
but has been extensively altered in its proportions, cladding and openings. The tail appears to
predate the frame house and is built with local fieldstone. The barn straddles the boundary
between this property and the adjacent property to the north; its northern wall is located on the
adjacent property.
The house is surrounded by a grassy lawn and a number of mature coniferous and deciduous
trees which form a windbreak along Whitevale Road and Sideline 20. The property is surrounded
by agricultural lands, including 19th and 20th century farmsteads, and a cemetery.
The property is privately owned. Part of the property is under a 99-year lease to the Province of
Ontario.
7.4.2 Statement of Cultural Heritage Value
This property is notable for the one-and-a-half-storey, stone tail of the house, which provides
evidence of early construction materials and methods in the rural community of Whitevale.
Constructed of local fieldstone, the tail follows the simple, Georgian style favoured by early
setters, including the three-bay, symmetrical facades and gable roof. The stone work is randomly
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coursed with roughly squared stones at corners and above openings, in keeping with other
stone construction from this time period in the area. The large, timber-frame English barn with
fieldstone foundation to the north of the farmhouse is a representative, and increasingly rare,
example of 19th century agricultural architecture.
Farmed from the 1850s to the 1970s, the property is associated with the early agricultural history
of the area.
Given that the property surrounding the farmhouse and outbuildings has not been recently and
significantly altered, it has the potential to yield information that contributes to an understanding
of the community or a pre-contact culture.
The property contributes to the 19th century agricultural landscape along the Whitevale Road
corridor, leading into the Whitevale Heritage Conservation District. It is historically linked to the
Hastings cemetery to the east.
7.4.3 Heritage Attributes The heritage attribute essential to the cultural heritage value of the property is the one-and-a-
half–storey, fieldstone tail of the farmhouse, and the English barn partially located on the
property.
Key elements of the fieldstone tail include:
• its scale, volume and proportions, including the one-and-a-half-storey height and gable
roof;
• the simple, three-bay facades on the east and west; with moulded frieze encircling the
building below the eaves;
• its randomly coursed, fieldstone construction with roughly squared stones at corners and
above openings.
Key elements of the English barn include:
• its scale, volume and proportions, including its gable roof;
• its fieldstone foundation;
• its wooden frame and cladding; and
• its siting on the property and its visual and physical relationship to the stone tail of the
farmhouse.
Key elements of the property as a whole include:
• its relationship to the surrounding agricultural fields, cemetery and barn to the north; and
• tree lines along the property boundaries.
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8 Recommendations
As outlined in Section 5 of this report, the property at 3285 Sideline 20 meets the criteria for
determining cultural heritage value or interest under Ontario Regulation 9/06; specifically criteria
1.i, 2.i, 2.ii, 3.i., and 3.ii.. The municipality should proceed to add the property to its heritage
register as a “listed” property and should consider proceeding with individual designation of the
property under S. 29 (Part IV) OHA.
It is recommended that any individual designation include the property legally described as
Parts 1 and 2 on Registered Plan 40R-10518, to capture both the fieldstone tail situated within
Part 2 and the portion of the English barn situated within Part 1. It is understood that both Parts 1
and 2 comprise a single PIN, and therefore a single designation by-law would be appropriate.
The process for individual designation is set out in section 29 OHA, including the requirement that
notice be served on the property owner. The OHA does not require that notice be served on
leaseholders. However, in the circumstances of the 99-year lease to the province of Part 1, it is
recommended that notice also be given to the province.
As outlined above, the property exhibits archaeological potential. Future cultural heritage policy
decisions regarding this property should consider this potential for previously undiscovered
archaeological sites or resources and a Stages 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment should be
carried out by a licenced professional archaeologist prior to any below-grade construction
activities.
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9 Sources
Archives of Ontario
Registrations of Deaths, 1869-1938; Series: MS 935; Reel: 234.
Bray Heritage, Seaton Neighbourhood Planning Background Report: Whitevale Road Heritage
Corridor Review, Report prepared for the City of Pickering, May 2010.
Contentworks, Thematic Study and Phase I Evaluation of ORC Properties in Pickering. Report
prepared for the Ontario Realty Corporation, March 2009.
---, Phase II Evaluation of Residences on Whitevale Road, Pickering. Report prepared for the
Ontario Realty Corporation, March 2009.
Hough Stansbury Woodland Naylor Dance Limited – Prime Consultants, D.R. Poulton & Associates
– Archaeological Assessments and Excavations, André Scheinman – Heritage Preservation
Consultant, Seaton Cultural Heritage Resources Assessment: Technical Appendix. Report
Prepared for the Seaton Interim Planning Team (Ontario Ministry of Housing), July 1994. Accessed
online at http://www.pada.ca/books/details/?id=2023&keywords=vardon.
J.H. Beers &. Co., Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario, Ont., J.H., Beers & Co.:
Toronto, 1877.
Land Registry Office #40. Pickering Township. Land Abstracts. Microfilm Roll ER44
Library and Archives Canada
1851, Census of 1851, Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia;
Pickering Township, Ontario County, Canada West; Schedule A: Roll C11742. Pages 199-
200, lines 1-13.
1851, Census of 1851, Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia;
Pickering Township, Ontario County, Canada West; Schedule B: Roll C11742. Page 277-
279, lines 20-21.
1861, Census of 1861 (Canada East, Canada West, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick
and Nova Scotia); Roll C-1057; Schedule A; page 136; lines 1-3.
1861, Census of 1861 (Canada East, Canada West, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick
and Nova Scotia); Roll C-1059; Schedule B; page 35; line 48.
Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport. Standards & Guidelines for Conservation of Provincial
Heritage Properties. April, 2010.
---. Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists. 2011.
Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c.0.18.
Pickering-Ajax Digital Archives. 2003. Accessed online at http://www.pada.ca/.
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Scheinman, André. Seaton Built Heritage Assessment, Report prepared for the North Pickering
Land Exchange Team, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, November 2004.
Unterman McPhail Heritage Resource Consultants, The Hamlet of Whitevale, Heritage
Conservation District Study, Background Report. Report prepared for the City of Pickering,
August 1989.
Wood, William. Past years in Pickering From Pickering collection ‘sketches of the history of the
community’. Claremont Ontario, 1911. Accessed online at
http://archive.org/stream/pastyearsinpicke00wooduoft/pastyearsinpicke00wooduoft_djvu.txt.