HomeMy WebLinkAbout3185 Sideline 26 (PLN 10-16)
CULTURAL HERITAGE PROPERTY
EVALUATION REPORT:
3185 Sideline 26, Pickering, Ontario
SUBMITTED TO:
The City of Pickering
One The Esplanade Pickering, Ontario
L1V 6K7
November 9, 2015
SUBMITTED BY: Laurie Smith Heritage
Consulting
4 Bullock Avenue Ottawa, Ontario
K1S 1G8
613-863-8852 laurie@smithheritage.ca
In partnership with:
Amy Barnes Consulting
and
Chris Uchiyama Heritage
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction to the Site ............................................................................................................................. 1
2 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 4
3 Policy Framework ....................................................................................................................................... 5
4 Historical Context ....................................................................................................................................... 7
5 Architecture and Design ........................................................................................................................ 11
5.1 Dichromatic Brick House (c. 1880s) ................................................................................................. 13
5.1.1 Interior ........................................................................................................................................... 16
5.2 Stone Tail (c.1855) ............................................................................................................................... 21
5.2.1 Interior ........................................................................................................................................... 22
5.3 Cultural Landscape ............................................................................................................................ 29
5.4 Archaeological Resources ................................................................................................................ 29
6 Contextual Background ......................................................................................................................... 31
7 Heritage Evaluation ................................................................................................................................. 32
7.1 Design or Physical Value ................................................................................................................... 32
7.2 Historic/Associative Value ................................................................................................................. 33
7.3 Contextual Value ................................................................................................................................ 34
7.4 Statement of Significance ................................................................................................................ 36
7.4.1 Description of Property .............................................................................................................. 36
7.4.2 Statement of Cultural Heritage Value .................................................................................... 36
7.4.3 Heritage Attributes ..................................................................................................................... 37
8 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 38
9 Sources ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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List of Figures
Figure 1: 3185 Sideline 26, Location and Boundary of Property Parcel (City of Pickering, 2015) ...... 2
Figure 2: 3185 Sideline 26, Context (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015) ................................. 3
Figure 3: Front elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015). ........................................................................... 3
Figure 4: 3185 Sideline 26, Current Conditions (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015) ............. 4
Figure 5: 3185 Sideline 26 as shown on Detail from J.H. Beers & Co. 1877 Map of Pickering
Township (Base map source: Beers, 1877) .................................................................................................... 9
Figure 6: 3185 Sideline 26 as shown on Detail of 1967 Souvenir Map of Century Farms in Pickering
Township (Smith, 1967) ................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 7: View of 3185 Sideline 26, side (west) elevation (CU, 2015) ..................................................... 11
Figure 8: Rear (south) elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015) ............................................................. 11
Figure 9: View of side (east) elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015) .................................................. 12
Figure 10: 3185 Sideline 26, shed north of residential building (adjacent property) (CU, 2015) ...... 12
Figure 11: Detail of front porch and bargeboard below gable (CU, 2015) ........................................ 14
Figure 12: Front elevation, showing intricate bargeboard details with finials, bay window with
cornice brackets and projecting double window on second storey with buff brick decoration
(CU, 2015) ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 13: Pinwheel decoration in buff and red brick, below west gable peak (CU, 2015)... 15
Figure 14: Front door and main staircase (CU, 2015) ............................................................................... 16
Figure 15: Detail of vent and lintel, front entrance (CU, 2015) ............................................................... 17
Figure 16: Front room (northeast corner), first floor, facing north toward bay window (CU, 2015) 17
Figure 17: Front room, first floor, facing south toward stone tail (CU, 2015)......................................... 18
Figure 18: Detail of baseboards and vent (CU, 2015) .............................................................................. 18
Figure 19: Rear exterior door, adjacent to stone tail (CU, 2015) ............................................................ 19
Figure 20: Front room, northwest corner (CU, 2015) ................................................................................. 19
Figure 21: Detail of staircase, balustrade and acorn newel (CU, 2015) ............................................... 20
Figure 22: Double window, second storey, front (north) side (CU, 2015) ............................................. 20
Figure 23: Closet and bedroom doors, northeast room, second floor (CU, 2015) ..................... 21
Figure 24: Stone tail, west elevation (original front elevation, oriented toward Sideline 26) (CU,
2015) .................................................................................................................................................................. 23
Figure 25: East elevation, showing stucco on first storey of stone tail (CU, 2015) ............................... 23
Figure 26: Detail of stucco and rubble stone wall intersecting with rear of brick house, east
elevation (CU, 2015) ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 27: Interior of stone tail, showing wainscoting and updated kitchen counters (CU, 2015).. 24
Figure 28: Interior of stone tail, showing modern door and window on east elevation (CU, 2015) 25
Figure 29: Access to stone tail, from second floor of brick house (CU, 2015) ..................................... 25
Figure 30: Second floor, stone tail facing rear (south) (CU, 2015) ......................................................... 26
Figure 31: Staircase to first floor (CU, 2015)................................................................................................. 26
Figure 32: Staircase to first floor, from landing (CU, 2015) ....................................................................... 27
Figure 33: Stairwell to basement (CU, 2015) ............................................................................................... 27
Figure 34: Basement (CU, 2015) .................................................................................................................... 28
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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Figure 35: Floor boards and support beams, from basement (CU 2015) ............................................. 28
Figure 36: Detail of doorway between basements of stone tail and brick house (CU, 2015) 29
List of Tables
Table 1: Factors Indicating Archaeological Potential or Lack of Archaeological Potential ........... 30
Table 2 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 1. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 33
Table 3 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 2. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 34
Table 4 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg.
9/06 Criteria 3. i., ii., and iii ............................................................................................................................. 35
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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1 Introduction to the Site
Laurie Smith Heritage Consulting, in partnership with Amy Barnes Consulting and Chris Uchiyama
Heritage, was retained by the City of Pickering in April 2015 to undertake a Cultural Heritage
Property Evaluation of the property listed as 3185 Sideline 26 in Pickering, Ontario.
The property, also known as “Pennybank”, or “the Hugh Pugh House”, is located east of the
hamlet of Whitevale, on the east side of Sideline 26 and south of Whitevale Road. It is a
rectangular parcel, 0.38 hectares (0.94 acres) in area, comprising part of Lot 26, Concession IV,
Pickering Township, in the City of Pickering, Ontario (Figure 1). The property is surrounded by
agricultural lands, with farmsteads dating from the early 19th to the late 20th centuries (Figure 2).
The main built resource on the property is a one-and-a-half-storey, dichromatic brick house with
a one-and-a-half-storey stone tail at the rear (Figure 3). The stone tail was constructed c. 1855.
The design and detailing of the brick house suggest that it was added in the 1880s. It follows an
L-shaped plan with a side-gable roof and projecting front gable, enlivened by a second gable,
bay windows on both levels, dichromatic brick patterning, bargeboard in the gable ends and a
small wooden porch with decorative fretwork.
The house is surrounded by a grassy lawn with a number of mature trees and a large kitchen
garden to the north. A gravel laneway runs along the south side of the property from the road
into the adjacent property (Figure 2). A 19th century shed and barn are located on the adjacent
property, immediately east and north of the subject property. Although historically associated
with the Pugh farmstead, the outbuildings are no longer located within the property.
The property is currently owned by the Province of Ontario and is managed by Ontario
Infrastructure and Lands Corporation. It is listed in the City of Pickering Municipal Heritage
Register (2008) and is located within the Whitevale Hamlet Heritage Conservation District, which
is designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act.
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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Figure 1: 3185 Sideline 26, Location and Boundary of Property Parcel (City of Pickering, 2015)
LAURIE SMITH HERITAGE CONSULTING
3185 Sideline 26
CON 4 N PT LOT 26
NOW RP 40R24275 PART 5
PIN: 26407-0097
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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Figure 2: 3185 Sideline 26, Context (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015)
Figure 3: Front elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015).
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Figure 4: 3185 Sideline 26, Current Conditions (Base map source: Google Earth Pro, 2015)
2 Methodology
This cultural heritage evaluation was conducted using the criteria in O.Reg. 9/06, under the
Ontario Heritage Act. The evaluation was based on information contained in previous reports on
the site, additional historical research, and a site visit of the property. The City of Pickering
excluded public and stakeholder consultation from the consultant contract, except for the
purposes of historical research.
The heritage value of the property has previously been examined in the following reports (listed
chronologically):
• Unterman McPhail Heritage Resource Consultants, The Hamlet of Whitevale Heritage
Conservation District Study: Background Report. Prepared for the Town of Pickering,
August 1989.
• Hough, Stansbury, Woodland, Naylor, Dance Limited – Prime Consultants, D.R. Poulton &
Associates – Archaeological Assessments and Excavations, André Scheinman – Heritage
Preservation Consultant, Seaton Cultural Heritage Resources Assessment: Technical
Appendix. Report prepared for the Seaton Interim Planning Team, Ministry of Municipal
Affairs and Housing, July 1994.
• André Scheinman, Seaton Built Heritage Assessment. Prepared for the North Pickering
Land Exchange Team, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Planning and
Development Division, November 2004.
• Contentworks Inc., Thematic Study and Phase 1 Evaluation of ORC Properties in
Pickering. Prepared for Ontario Realty Corporation, March 2009.
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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• Contentworks Inc., Phase II Evaluation of Residences on Whitevale Road, Pickering.
Report prepared for the Ontario Realty Corporation, March 2009.
• Bray Heritage, Seaton Neighbourhood Planning Background Report: Whitevale Road
Heritage Corridor Review. Report prepared for the City of Pickering, May 2010.
Sources for additional historical research are noted in the “Sources” section at the end of this
document.
An exterior and interior site visit was undertaken on June 18, 2015 by Amy Barnes, M.A. and Chris
Uchiyama, M.A. Access to the property was provided by the current tenant, with the permission
of Ontario Infrastructure and Lands Corporation.
3 Policy Framework
In Ontario, the Provincial Policy Statement 2014 (“PPS 2014”), issued under s. 3 of the Planning
Act, provides policy direction on matters of provincial interest related to land use planning and
development.1 Land use planning decisions made by municipalities, planning boards, the
Province, or a commission or agency of the government must be consistent with the PPS 2014.2
The PPS 2014 provides that “significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage
landscapes shall be conserved” and “development and site alteration shall not be permitted on
lands containing archaeological resources or areas of archaeological potential unless
significant archaeological resources have been conserved”.3 “Significant” means “resources
that have been determined to have cultural heritage value or interest for the important
contribution they make to our understanding of the history of a place, an event, or a people.”4
These resources and landscapes are conserved through their “identification, protection,
management and use…..in a manner that ensures their cultural heritage value or interest is
retained under the Ontario Heritage Act.”5
Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (“OHA”) permits municipalities to designate individual
properties that are of cultural heritage value or interest, based on criteria set out in Ont. Reg.
9/06.6 Designation is done by by-law and includes a description of the property and a statement
explaining the cultural heritage value or interest of the property and a description of the
heritage attributes of the property. Part V of the OHA permits municipalities to designate
heritage conservation districts consisting of multiple properties, and adopt a district plan for
managing change.7 A property that is included in an area designated as a heritage
conservation district may subsequently be individually designated under Part IV.8 Municipalities
1 PPS 2014, Part I: Preamble.
2 PPS 2014, Part III: How to Read the Provincial Policy Statement.
3 PPS 2014, s. 2.6.1 and 2.6.2.
4 PPS 2014, s. 6.0, Definitions, at p. 49.
5 PPS 2014, s. 6.0, Definitions, at p. 40.
6 OHA, Part IV, s. 29.
7 OHA, ss. 41 and 41.1.
8 OHA, s. 41(2).
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must keep a register of property that is of cultural heritage value or interest. In addition to
designated properties, the register may include other property that the municipality believes to
be of cultural heritage value or interest.9 The OHA provides processes for a municipality to
approve proposed alterations, demolition or removal of resources on designated properties or
within a heritage conservation district, and requires notice be given to a municipality for
proposed alterations, demolition or removal of resources on non-designated properties listed on
the register.10
Part IV OHA (individual property designation by municipalities) and Part V OHA (heritage
conservation district designation) do not apply to property that is owned by the provincial
government or by a prescribed public body.11 Ontario Infrastructure and Lands Corporation is a
prescribed public body.12 However, municipalities are not prevented from including properties
owned by the provincial government or a prescribed public body in the municipal register of
non-designated properties.13
Heritage properties owned or occupied by the provincial government or prescribed public
bodies are subject to the Standards & Guidelines for Conservation of Provincial Heritage
Properties (“the provincial S&Gs”), a set of guidelines issued by the Minister of Tourism, Culture
and Sport in 2010.14 The provincial S&Gs require provincial ministries and agencies to establish
and maintain a cultural heritage conservation policy and procedures to identify, manage and
conserve provincial heritage properties.15 Decisions affecting a provincial heritage property
must consider its cultural heritage value and mitigate negative impacts.16 If a provincial heritage
property is to leave government ownership, best efforts should be made to ensure its cultural
heritage value is protected through designation or easement; demolition or removal should be
considered only as a last resort. Ontario Infrastructure and Lands Corporation has followed an
internal heritage management process since 2007. The property at 3185 Sideline 26 was
recommended as an ORC Heritage Property in the 2009 Phase II report prepared by
Contentworks Inc. for ORC.
The OHA provides that if a property owned by the provincial government or a prescribed public
body is included in a designated heritage conservation district, and there is a conflict between
a provision of the provincial S&Gs and a provision in Part V as they apply to that property, the
provision in Part V prevails.17
9 OHA, ss. 27(1.1) and (1.2).
10 OHA, ss. 27 (3), 33, 34 and 42.
11 OHA ss. 25.2 (2), 26.1 (1) and 39.1.1(1).
12 OHA, Ont. Reg. 157/10.
13 OHA, s. 26.1(3).
14 The Provincial S&Gs are available online at
http://www.mtc.gov.on.ca/en/publications/Standards_Conservation.pdf
15 S&G, s. A.2, A.2 and A.5.
16 S&G, s. A.3
17 OHA, s. 39.1.1(2).
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The City of Pickering has adopted a policy to respect and conserve cultural heritage resources
as part of the City of Pickering Official Plan (Edition 6).18 City Council shall identify important
cultural heritage resources from all time periods, and prevent the demolition, destruction or
inappropriate alteration of important cultural heritage resources to the extent possible (s. 8.2).
City Council shall maintain an inventory of heritage resources designated or worthy of
designation under the OHA (s. 8.7). City Council shall encourage the preservation or excavation
of important archaeological sites (s. 8.10). Amendment 22 to the Pickering Official Plan,
approved by the Ontario Municipal Board in 2013, specifically provides that the Seaton Urban
Area shall be planned as a sustainable community, based on seven key sustainability principles,
including to “protect cultural heritage resources and archaeological resources”.
4 Historical Context
The property at 3185 Sideline 26 is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, in part of the north
half of Lot 26, Concession IV, Pickering Township. The property was held by the same family, the
Pugh’s, from 1842 until 1973.
Pickering Township was first surveyed in 1797 and Crown patents were issued shortly thereafter.
The land around Whitevale was not settled until the early 1820s, when United Empire Loyalist
John Major (1768-1831) built a saw mill on the banks of West Duffins Creek. A small settlement,
known as Major Mills or Majorville, began to take shape along Concession 5. Major was an Irish
emigrant who had settled first in Vermont, and then fled with his wife Margaret to Nova Scotia
during the American Revolutionary War, becoming a member of the 84th Regiment of the
Loyalist Corps. After the War of 1812, he accepted a grant of land in Pickering Township.
In 1843, Ira White purchased Major’s sawmill and put his son, Truman P. White in charge of
operations.19 An ambitious industrialist, T.P. White further leveraged the power of the West Duffins
Creek and developed the milling site to include a flour mill. During the 1850s and 1860s, the
settlement grew into an industrial centre with the addition of: a planing mill (1866); a stave and
heading factory, T.P. White’s wool factory (1867); a sash and door factory; a wagon and steam
carriage factory; and the P.R. Hoover and Co. cheese factory. Commercial enterprises
included: a general store; a butcher shop; Major Hotel; and a tinsmith shop. Anticipating the
growth of the community, T.P. White registered two survey plans, one in 1857 and an amended
plan in 1860. The 1869 Ontario Gazetteer and Directory indicates that hamlet’s population was
approximately 300 that year. John Shier’s 1870 plan of subdivision was the first time that
“Whitevale” was used as the name of the community, in honour of T.P. White; although the mills
continued to be called “Majors Mills.” Although a series of fires, which began in 1874, led to the
eventual waning of industry and decrease in population in the hamlet, it was still identified as
one of Pickering Township’s principal villages as late as 1876.20
18 City of Pickering Official Plan (Edition 6), Chapter Eight – Cultural Heritage.
19 Unterman McPhail, 1989: 2-2.
20 Ibid.
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The original Crown patent for Lot 26, Concession 4 was granted to Elisha Beaman in 1798. James
McBride acquired the lot in 1803. Between 1836 and 1842 the north half of the lot was owned by
William Reynolds, then Chancey Reynolds.21 In 1842, Hugh Pugh Senior acquired the north 100
acres of the lot.
The 1851 Nominal Census indicates that Hugh Pugh Sr. was living with seven members of his
family in a one-and-a-half-storey log house. Three of his sons, Thomas (aged 28), Josiah (26), and
Daniel (19), were working as labourers.
At the time of the 1861 Census, Hugh Pugh Sr. continued to live in his one-and-a-half-storey log
house with his wife Elizabeth. Their son, Thomas Pugh (1825-1896), was living in a separate home
on the property with his wife, Ann (née Evans), and children, Evangeline (6), David (5), Alma (3),
and Elizabeth (1). His house is described as a one-storey stone dwelling. This is likely the extant
stone tail at 3185 Sideline 26, possibly built around the time of Thomas’ marriage to Ann and the
birth of their first child, Evangeline in 1855. By 1861 nearly all of Hugh Pugh Sr.’s land holdings had
been cleared and cultivated. Thomas was listed in the Census as a labourer.
Hugh Pugh Sr. appears to have retired from farming by 1871, and Thomas was listed as a farmer
rather than a labourer in the Census of that year.22 Land Registry records indicate that ownership
of the property was transferred from Hugh Sr. to Thomas in February, 1871. The farmhouse is
shown in its current location within Thomas Pugh’s property on an 1877 map of Pickering
Township (Figure 5).
The style and materials of the one-and-a-half-storey, brick farmhouse, suggest that it was
constructed during the 1880s or early 1890s, as the farm prospered and the family grew. The
family remained in the home following Thomas’ 1896 death.23 The property was transferred to
David Hugh Pugh, Thomas’ eldest son, in 1907.
In 1967 the farmstead was recognized as a Century Farm.24 A 1967 map of Pickering Township
(Figure 6) by George Smith of Claremont, Ontario highlights Century farms and identifies
landowners at the time.25 The property at 3185 Sideline 26 is one of three Century farms shown in
the vicinity of Whitevale. The property, then comprising the entire 100 acres of the north half of
Lot 26, Concession 4, is shown as belonging to S. Pugh in 1967 (Figure 6). In 1973, the Province of
21 Chancey Reynolds appears to have owned the property from May to October, 1842.
Chancey Reynolds shows up in the 1851 Agricultural Census on Lot 30, Concession 6. Given the extensive cultivation of that property, it is not likely that he ever settled on the property he sold to
Hugh Pugh. (Census of 1851 (Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia).
Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa, Canada; Schedule B; Roll C-11742; Page 267, Line 8).
22 1871 Census. Microfilm C-9973; page 65, lines 13-20
23 Whitevale Cemetery, grave marker dates.
24 The Ontario Century Farm Recognition Program was initiated as a Canadian Centennial
project by the Junior Farmers Association of Ontario (“JFAO”). In 1967, the JFAO began to
recognize, through a formal signage program, those farmsteads which had been owned by direct descendants of the same family for more than 100, 125 or 150 years.
25 The map is based on the 1877 map of Pickering in the Historical Atlas of Ontario County, and is
on display at the Pickering Library
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Ontario acquired the property from Sidney S. J. Pugh, the surviving executor of Hugh Pugh’s
estate.26
Figure 5: 3185 Sideline 26 as shown on Detail from J.H. Beers & Co. 1877 Map of Pickering Township (Base map source: Beers, 1877)
26 Land Registry Office #40, Microfilm Reel E44, p110.
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Figure 6: 3185 Sideline 26 as shown on Detail of 1967 Souvenir Map of Century Farms in Pickering Township (Smith, 1967)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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5 Architecture and Design
The house at 3185 Sideline 26 is comprised of two sections: a one-and-a-half-storey, dichromatic-
brick farmhouse built in the 1880s; and a one-and-a-half-storey, stone tail built c. 1855.
Figure 7: View of 3185 Sideline 26, side (west) elevation (CU, 2015)
Figure 8: Rear (south) elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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Figure 9: View of side (east) elevation of 3185 Sideline 26 (CU, 2015)
Figure 10: 3185 Sideline 26, shed north of residential building (adjacent property) (CU, 2015)
Cultural Heritage Property Evaluation Report Prepared for The City of Pickering 3185 Sideline 26, Pickering ON November 9, 2015
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5.1 Dichromatic Brick House (c. 1880s)
The brick house is a one-and-a-half-storey design that includes features from the “Gothic
cottage” or “Ontario cottage” type, as well as elements of the late-19th century Italianate and
Queen Anne styles. The L-shaped plan is built with a long façade and a steeply pitched, side-
gable, shingled roof. A projecting gable forms the “L”, and the main roof is broken at the eaves
line by a second gable. The building is encircled below wide eaves by a plain frieze and
intricate bargeboard decoration with finials is inserted at the peaks of the front gables. The
sunburst pattern of the bargeboard, its location at the apex of the gable, and the prominent
finials, all suggest a date of construction in the 1880s or early 1890s.
The projecting bay is augmented by a three-sided, angled bay window at the first storey,
decorated with three round-arched window openings, buff-brick headers over the windows and
Italianate brackets under the eaves. Directly above, a second, square-sided bay with a pair of
round-arched window openings and buff-brick headers and quoins, projects from the second
storey. Additional round-arched windows are tucked under the eaves and gable of the main
roof line. Window openings on other elevations are segmental-arched. Openings are regularly
placed, with one-over-one, double-sash window units. Storm windows have been added to the
exteriors and lintels have been encased in vinyl or aluminum. The front door is original but missing
a door knob, and is accessed through the verandah. Its casing is segmentally arched with a buff
brick header and rounded transom. A simple storm door, constructed of wooden planks,
protects the front entrance.
A small, covered verandah is located at the front of the house in the angle of the “L”. Ornate
fretwork encircles the verandah below the roof, which is supported on three turned posts (two
engaged). Ghosting along the roofline of the verandah indicates that the verandah may
originally have spanned the front of the building.
The house is set on an evenly coursed, granite foundation. The red-brick, stretcher bond
brickwork is indicative of brick on frame, rather than solid brick construction.27 The buff-brick
embellishments of the house are typical of the decorative touches used on Ontario cottages in
the 1870s and 1880s. Embellishments include: a protruding four-course band of buff bricks above
the foundation, encircling the house; quoins along the corners of the house and the projecting
bay on the second-storey; a cusped motif stringcourse along the front elevation above the
verandah; a pinwheel-design below the gable on the west elevation (facing Sideline 26); and
rounded arches above windows.
A red brick chimney is located on the east side of the house.
The “Gothic cottage” or “Ontario cottage” typically incorporated a three-bay façade and a
side-gable roof, broken by a centre gable over a central entrance. Variations included an L-
shaped plan, often referred to as an “Ontario farmhouse” with a projecting front gable and a
second gable breaking the main roof line. The use of dichromatic brick on both of these
variations was popular in Ontario in the 1870s and 1880s after polychromatic brick became
27 Scheinman, 2004: 49.
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fashionable in England in the mid-19th century, and the construction of railway lines allowed
owners to combine local bricks (in Pickering, red bricks) with bricks of other colours from
elsewhere in the province. Houses of this era also borrowed elements from popular styles. In this
case the brackets, round-arched openings, and paired windows of the Italianate style are
combined with the L-shaped, asymmetrical plan, intricate bargeboard, multiple gables, and
projecting and receding planes of the Queen Anne style.
Other nearby examples of dichromatic brick residences include: the W. Brignal House at 1200
Whitevale Road; the Casper Willson house at 1505 Whitevale Road; and the former Whitevale
School at 3215 Sideline 28. The house at 1200 Whitevale Road, in particular, shares similar
decorative elements; including the plain border above the foundations; cusped motif
stringcourse; quoins along the corners; and pinwheel-design below the gable.
Figure 11: Detail of front porch and bargeboard below gable (CU, 2015)
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Figure 12: Front elevation, showing intricate bargeboard details with finials, bay window with cornice brackets and projecting double window on second storey with buff brick decoration (CU, 2015)
Figure 13: Pinwheel decoration in buff and red brick, below west gable peak (CU,
2015)
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5.1.1 Interior The farmhouse is constructed on a centre-hall plan with four rooms on each level: two on each
side of a central hallway and staircase. At the rear of the hallway (south), three steps lead down
to an entrance to the upper level of the stone tail.
Many historic interior elements remain throughout the brick building, including: baseboards;
window and door casings; doors (although some hardware has been replaced); the front
staircase with balustrade, acorn newels and handrail supported on turned posts on the second
floor; chamfered ceilings; and wooden floors. Carpet covers some of the wooden floors.
The northeast room on the second floor, in particular, retains several interesting and well-
maintained features: the projecting bay window; and two wooden doors with “graining”
(woodgrain painted onto the panels). Similarly treated doors are found in other rooms in the
house (including one leading from the stone kitchen to the basement), but these two are the
clearest examples of graining.
Figure 14: Front door and main staircase (CU, 2015)
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Figure 15: Detail of vent and lintel, front entrance (CU, 2015)
Figure 16: Front room (northeast corner), first floor, facing north toward bay window (CU, 2015)
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Figure 17: Front room, first floor, facing south toward stone tail (CU, 2015)
Figure 18: Detail of baseboards and vent (CU, 2015)
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Figure 19: Rear exterior door, adjacent to stone tail (CU, 2015)
Figure 20: Front room, northwest corner (CU, 2015)
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Figure 21: Detail of staircase, balustrade and acorn newel (CU, 2015)
Figure 22: Double window, second storey, front (north) side (CU, 2015)
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Figure 23: Closet and bedroom doors, northeast room, second floor (CU, 2015)
5.2 Stone Tail (c.1855)
The one-and-a-half-storey stone tail, built c.1855, extends to the rear (south) of the farmhouse. It
follows a rectangular plan. The tail is built with roughly coursed rubble: mostly small units with
larger stones used as voussoirs above openings and as rough quoins at the southeast and
southwest corners.
The tail has a medium-pitch gable roof with a central gable on the west elevation, fronting
Sideline 26. A plain frieze encircles the tail below overhanging eaves. A moulded frieze along the
front gable appears to be a later addition, likely dating to the c.1880s construction of the brick
building. A wooden plank, visible above the former entrance, suggests that a covered porch
may once have spanned the west elevation.
The original three-bay façade of the stone tail, characteristic of Georgian architecture, was
altered at the time of construction of the brick addition, including a shifting of openings along
the west elevation. The former front entrance below the central gable and (west elevation)
were filled with stone, as was the window to the left (north) of the door. The one-over-one sash
window to the right (south) of the former door appears to have been replaced at that time and
a brick header was added. It is likely that the semi-circular one-over-one window below the
central gable and its stone voussoir were also installed at that time.
A small wooden addition with a saltbox roof extends from the rear (south) of the stone tail,
acting as a mudroom. Above the wooden addition are two small, rectangular one-over-one
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sash windows on the second storey. These appear to be original. Below them, a central stove
pipe has been filled in. Windows on the first storey are vinyl replacements.
On the east elevation, the first storey of the stone tail has been covered in stucco. A small,
rectangular one-over-one sash on the upper storey at the centre of the east elevation may be
original as it matches, in both size and form, the two, upper-storey windows on the south
elevation. A central door and window on the first storey, leading to the kitchen, are more recent
additions; as is the pipe for the wood stove, added by the current tenant. A simple wooden
porch with plain wooden rail and posts now spans the stone tail along the east elevation.
Many of the original design features of the stone tail were lost during the addition of the brick
house, and its origins as a Georgian structure are less apparent. However, the materials and
construction of the tail, namely the rubble stone walls with larger units above the gable window
and along corners, are consistent with mid-19th century stone construction methods. Other
nearby examples of early- to mid-19th century stone construction include: 615 Whitevale Road
(c.1830s), 750 Whitevale Road (c.1861), 940 Whitevale Road (1822), 1130 Whitevale Road (1835-
40) and 1389 Whitevale Road (1851-61).
5.2.1 Interior The first floor comprises a large, rectangular kitchen. The second floor of the stone tail comprises
a bedroom, with chamfered ceilings; a small room, enclosed with wooden walls, separates the
second floor to provide privacy for an additional sleeping space. A steep, narrow staircase in
the northwest corner connects the two floors. A simple, low wooden handrail runs beside the
stairs on the second floor.
The basement is accessed via a steep and narrow staircase leading from the kitchen. Early
linoleum is visible at the top of these stairs below the current flooring. Wainscot along the
staircase walls is a continuation of the treatment that encircles the kitchen where new cabinets
have not been installed. The basement floor is primarily dirt and the foundation walls have been
treated with a white lime wash. The basement is separated in two large rooms below the stone
and brick structures, respectively. A low door with a wide stone lintel and wide wooden case
leads from the stone structure to the brick. Wide floorboards and support beams are visible from
the basement, several of the support beams retain their bark.
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Figure 24: Stone tail, west elevation (original front elevation, oriented toward Sideline 26) (CU, 2015)
Figure 25: East elevation, showing stucco on first storey of stone tail (CU, 2015)
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Figure 26: Detail of stucco and rubble stone wall intersecting with rear of brick house, east elevation (CU, 2015)
Figure 27: Interior of stone tail, showing wainscoting and updated kitchen counters (CU, 2015)
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Figure 28: Interior of stone tail, showing modern door and window on east elevation (CU, 2015)
Figure 29: Access to stone tail, from second floor of brick house (CU, 2015)
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Figure 30: Second floor, stone tail facing rear (south) (CU, 2015)
Figure 31: Staircase to first floor (CU, 2015)
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Figure 32: Staircase to first floor, from landing (CU, 2015)
Figure 33: Stairwell to basement (CU, 2015)
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Figure 34: Basement (CU, 2015)
Figure 35: Floor boards and support beams, from basement (CU 2015)
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Figure 36: Detail of doorway between basements of stone tail and brick house (CU,
2015)
5.3 Cultural Landscape
The house is surrounded by a grassed lawn and a number of mature coniferous and deciduous
trees, including black walnut trees on the east side. It rests on a slightly elevated area of the
property. A large vegetable garden is located to the north. A gravel laneway runs along the
south side of the property from Sideline 26, past the farmhouse towards a large barn on the
adjacent property (Figure 4).
5.4 Archaeological Resources
Although the archaeological potential of the general area in and around the property is well
documented28 the archaeological potential of the property, itself, will be addressed in this
section.
Archaeological potential determination is based on a number of factors related to the
attractiveness of a site for either temporary or permanent human occupation. Archaeological
features that are considered when determining potential are generally related to basic
necessities of survival (e.g., proximity to water), access to transportation (e.g., historic
28 See Hough Stansbury Woodland Naylor Dance Limited et. al., 1994 and Scheinman, 2004 for
an overview of archaeological research in the area.
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transportation routes, trails, and navigable watercourses), or access to resources (e.g., raw
materials for tool making or construction, or food resources).
The Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport lists in its 2010 Standards and Guidelines for
Consultant Archaeologists29 a series of features that are considered, in Ontario, to be related to
archaeological potential, or removal of archaeological potential as summarised in Table 1.
Table 1: Factors Indicating Archaeological Potential or Lack of Archaeological Potential
Archaeological Feature 3185 Sideline 26 (y/n)
Previously identified archaeological sites Y
Water sources:
Primary water sources (lakes, rivers, streams, creeks) N
Secondary water sources (intermittent streams, creeks,
marshes) Y
Features indicating past water sources (e.g., glacial lake
shorelines, relic river or stream channels) N
Accessible or inaccessible shoreline N
Elevated topography (e.g. eskers, drumlins, plateau) Y
Pockets of well-drained sandy soil, especially near areas of heavy soil or rocky ground Not assessed
Distinctive land formations that might have been special or spiritual places such as waterfalls, rock outcrops, caverns, mounds
and promontories and their bases.
N
Resource areas:
Food or medicinal plants Not assessed
Scarce raw materials N
Early Euro-Canadian industry (e.g., fur trade, logging,
prospecting, mining) N
Areas of early Euro-Canadian settlement N
Early historical transportation routes Y
29 Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport. Standards and Guideline for Consultant Archaeologists.
2011: 17-18.
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Archaeological Feature 3185 Sideline 26 (y/n)
Property listed on a municipal register or designated under the
Ontario Heritage Act or that is a federal, provincial or municipal
historic landmark or site
Y
Property that local histories or informants have identified with
possible archaeological sites, historical events, activities, or occupants N
Archaeological potential can be determined not to be present if the site has been subject to modern extensive and deep land
alterations such as: quarrying; sewage and infrastructure
development; building footprints; or major landscaping involving grading.
N
Based on a review of these factors, the property at 3185 Sideline 26 exhibits archaeological
potential.
6 Contextual Background
The Hugh Pugh House at 3185 Sideline 26 is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, on the east
side of Sideline 26 and south of Whitevale Road. The property is surrounded by agricultural lands
with farmsteads dating from the early19th to the late 20th centuries. The fields to the east and
south, in particular, were once part of the Pugh farmstead. It is one of several surviving 19th
century farmhouses in the area. The Hugh Pugh house located within the Whitevale Heritage
Conservation District, designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act. . The character of
the HCD is described as follows:
The hamlet of Whitevale is located in a scenic river valley along the banks of
West Duffins Creek in the City of Pickering. Dominated by its rural setting and
modest vernacular buildings, the hamlet has not changed significantly in
character since the late nineteenth century. It had a small but thriving
industrial centre until the 1870's, when a disastrous fire effectively destroyed
most of the mill buildings except for the feed mill. With the depopulation of
rural Ontario during the late 1800s and early 1900s Whitevale's role as a small
service centre for the local farming community waned, resulting in the
complete disappearance of its commercial enterprises on Main Street with
the exception of the general store and the mill.
The building style in Whitevale is a mixture of typical rural Ontario vernacular
architecture combined with Victorian influences and materials in common
usage at the time of construction. The result is a distinctive cohesiveness of
scale, mass, decorative detailing and building materials. Although many
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individual buildings and properties have been altered over the decades, the
overall nineteenth century village character has been retained.
Most of the existing nineteenth century buildings have wood frame structures,
and siding ranging from clapboard, shiplap to vertical board and batten. The
majority of structures are one-and-a-half storeys in height with a three bay
front facade and centre gable.
The rural character of Whitevale, with its narrow tree-lined streets, scenic
views over the surrounding agricultural lands and the West Duffins Creek and
its steep river valley, provides a distinctive context and setting for its buildings.
The community has a rich and diverse character within a relatively small
area. Archaeological remains located in and around Whitevale attest to its
enduring attractiveness as a settlement area.30
The Hugh Pugh House is listed as a “heritage building” in the HCD inventory of properties. It is one
of a number of houses of similar plan and proportions (the “Ontario farmhouse” variation of the
Ontario cottage type) but one of relatively few structures built of stone or dichromatic brick. It
contributes to the understanding of the district and the 19th century development of Whitevale.
7 Heritage Evaluation
The property and associated resources have been evaluated for Cultural Heritage Value or
Interest (CHVI) under Ontario Regulation 9/06 Criteria for Determining Cultural Heritage Value or
Interest under the Ontario Heritage Act. A summary of the evaluation based on the criteria is
presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4 below.
7.1 Design or Physical Value
The Hugh Pugh house is a representative example of the “Ontario farmhouse”, an L-shaped
variant of the “Gothic Cottage” or “Ontario Cottage” with a projecting front gable and a
second gable breaking the roof line of the side-gable main roof. The intricate bargeboard,
fretwork and dichromatic brick patterning also belong to this type. In an approach typical of
Victorian vernacular structures, the house also includes elements borrowed from the Italianate
and Queen Anne styles that were popular in the late 19th century, including brackets, round-
arched openings, paired windows, asymmetrical plan, side porch, multiple gables, and
projecting and receding planes.
The stone tail, built c. 1855 as the second house on the property, is a representative example of
mid-19th century, rubble-stone construction, including the use of larger stones as voussoirs and
quoins. The original Georgian design of the tail has been much compromised and no longer
serves as a representative example of the style.
30 City of Pickering. Whitevale Heritage Conservation District Guide, 2013: 5.
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Table 2 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 1. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
1. The property has design
value or physical value
because it,
i. is a rare, unique,
representative or early example of a style,
type, expression,
material, or
construction method,
Y
The Hugh Pugh house is a representative
example of the “Ontario farmhouse”, an L-shaped variant of the “Gothic cottage” or
“Ontario cottage” type which was popular in
the 1870s and 1880s. The bargeboard, fretwork and dichromatic brickwork also belong to this
type. The house also incorporates features of
the late-19th century Italianate and Queen
Anne styles.
The c.1855 stone tail is a representative
example of mid-19th century, rubble-stone
construction, including the use of larger stones
as voussoirs and quoins.
ii. displays a high degree
of craftsmanship or
artistic merit, or
Y
The buff-brick embellishments and wooden
bargeboard and fretwork along the eaves and front verandah display a high degree of artistic
merit and craftsmanship.
iii. demonstrates a high
degree of technical or
scientific achievement.
N The building does not demonstrate a high
degree of technical or scientific achievement.
The property at 3185 Sideline 26 meets the criteria for design or physical value under O.Reg.
9/06.
7.2 Historic/Associative Value
The property at 3185 Sideline 26 remained in the Pugh family from its purchase in 1842 by Hugh
Pugh Sr. until its 1973 expropriation. In 1967, the farmstead was identified as a century farm to
recognize the Pugh family’s continued ownership and cultivation of the north half of Lot 26,
Concession 4. Despite the longevity of their residency, none of the Pugh’s has been identified as
being significant in the history of the community. The former farmhouse is associated with the
agricultural history of the area. The location of the house on an elevated section of the property,
close to the road, is consistent with traditional farming practices.
3185 Sideline 26 exhibits archaeological potential, given its proximity to a number of
archaeological features outlined in the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sports Standards
and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists,31 including: a secondary water course, elevated
31 Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport. Standards and Guideline for Consultant Archaeologists.
2011: 17-18.
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topography, known pre-contact and Euro-Canadian archaeological sites, an early historical
transportation route, and as a property listed on the Municipal Heritage Register (2008) and
designated under Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act. The property has also not undergone any
recent or extensive ground disturbances which might indicate the removal of archaeological
potential. As a result, the property has the potential to yield information that contributes to an
understanding of a community or culture.
Table 3 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 2. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
2. The property has historical
value or associative value
because it,
i. has direct associations
with a theme, event, belief, person, activity,
organization or
institution that is
significant to a community,
Y
The property is directly associated with the agricultural history of the community. The Pugh
family owned and operated their farmstead
Pennybank continuously from 1842 until
1973and it was recognized as a Century Farm in 1967.
ii. yields, or has the
potential to yield
information that
contributes to an understanding of a community or culture,
or
Y
Given that the property surrounding the
farmhouse and garage has not been recently
and significantly altered, it has the potential to
yield information that contributes to the understanding of the community or a pre-
contact culture.
iii. demonstrates or
reflects the work or
ideas of an architect, artist, builder, designer
or theorist who is
significant to a
community.
N Designer or builder unknown.
The property at 3185 Sideline 26 meets the criteria for historical or associative value under O.Reg.
9/06.
7.3 Contextual Value
The farmhouse at 3185 Sideline 26 is located east of the hamlet of Whitevale and is one of
several 19th century farmhouses that line the Whitevale Road corridor, interspersed with rolling
agricultural fields. The farmhouse is historically associated with the surrounding agricultural fields
to the east and south once farmed by the Pugh family, and with the 19th century barn and shed
in the adjacent lot; although none of these are currently included in the property parcel. The
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property is historically and visually linked with properties in the adjacent Whitevale HCD that are
of similar design and age.
Table 4 - Evaluation of the Cultural Heritage Value or Interest of 3185 Sideline 26 as Per O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria 3. i., ii., and iii
O.Reg. 9/06 Criteria Criteria Met (y/n) Justification
3. The property has
contextual value because
it,
i. is important in
defining, maintaining
or supporting the character of an area,
Y
As an identified heritage property within the
Whitevale HCD, the Hugh Pugh House is
important in maintaining and supporting the character of the Whitevale HCD.
ii. is physically, functionally, visually or
historically linked to its
surroundings, or
Y
The farmhouse is historically linked to the surrounding agricultural outbuildings and fields
to the east and south, which once formed part
of the Pugh farm.
iii. is a landmark. N 3185 Sideline 26 is not a landmark.
The property at 3185 Sideline 26 meets the criteria for contextual value under O.Reg. 9/06.
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7.4 Statement of Significance
7.4.1 Description of Property
3185 Sideline 26, Pickering, Ontario, also known as “Pennybank” or “the Hugh Pugh House”, is
located east of the hamlet of Whitevale, on the east side of Sideline 26 and south of Whitevale
Road. It is a rectangular parcel, 0.38 hectares (0.94 acres) in area, comprising part of Lot 26,
Concession IV, Pickering Township, in the City of Pickering, Ontario.
The main built resource on the property is a one-and-a-half-storey, dichromatic brick house with
a one-and-a-half-storey stone tail at the rear. The stone tail was constructed c.1855. The design
and detailing of the brick house suggest that it was added in the 1880s. It follows an L-shaped
plan with a side-gable roof and projecting front gable, enlivened by a dormer, bay windows on
both levels, dichromatic brick patterning, bargeboard in the gable ends and a small wooden
porch with decorative fretwork. The house sits on an elevated portion of the property and is
surrounded by a grassy lawn with a number of mature trees and a large kitchen garden. A
gravel laneway runs along the south side of the property from the road to the adjacent
property.
The property is listed on the City of Pickering Municipal Heritage Register (2008) and is located
within the Whitevale Hamlet Heritage Conservation District, which is designated under Part V of
the Ontario Heritage Act. It is currently owned by the Province of Ontario and is managed by
Ontario Infrastructure and Lands Corporation.
7.4.2 Statement of Cultural Heritage Value
The Hugh Pugh House is a representative example of the “Ontario farmhouse”, an L-shaped
variant of the “Gothic cottage” or “Ontario cottage” type which was popular in the 1870s and
1880s. Its decorative bargeboard, intricate fretwork and dichromatic brickwork are features of
the type. The house also incorporates features of the late-19thcentury Italianate and Queen
Anne styles, including eaves brackets, round-arched openings, paired windows, asymmetrical
plan and projecting and receding planes.
The stone tail, built c.1855 as the second house on the property, is a representative example of
characteristic of mid-19th century, rubble-stone construction, including the use of larger stones as
voussoirs and quoins.
The property is directly associated with the agricultural history of the community. The Pugh family
owned and operated their farm “Pennybank”, of which the farmhouse is the only remnant on
this parcel, for more than 130 years. The location of the house on an elevated section of the
property, close to the road, reflects traditional farming practices.
Given that the property surrounding the farmhouse has not been recently and significantly
altered, it has the potential to yield information that contributes to the understanding of the
community or a pre-contact culture.
As an identified heritage property within the Whitevale HCD, the Hugh Pugh House is important
in defining the character of the area. It is visually and historically linked to the other properties in
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the district and to the surrounding agricultural fields, barn and outbuilding to the east and south,
which once formed part of the Pugh farm.
7.4.3 Heritage Attributes
The heritage attribute essential to the cultural heritage value of the property is the one-and-a-
half-storey farmhouse with its dichromatic brick main section and stone tail.
Key elements of the brick farmhouse include:
• its form and massing consistent with the Ontario farmhouse type, including: its one-and-
a-half-storey, L-shaped plan; the steeply sloped, side-gable roof with a projecting front
gable and a second gable on the main roof;
• the evenly coursed granite foundation;
• its dichromatic brick exterior, consisting of buff-brick embellishments on red-brick walls,
and including: the four-course band of buff bricks above the foundation, encircling the
house; quoins along the corners; cusped motif stringcourse along the front elevation,
above the verandah; pinwheel-design below the west gable peak; rounded arches
above windows; and arch above the front door;
• the frieze encircling the house below the eaves;
• the bargeboard in the gable peaks, with its sunburst pattern and finials;
• the small, covered verandah with its intricate fretwork ;
• the projecting bay window on the first storey of the front elevation with its three, round-
arched window openings and cornice brackets;
• the projecting bay on the second storey of the front elevation, with its paired, round-
arched window openings, buff-brick quoins and buff-brick headers;
• the regularly placed, round-arched window openings on the front elevation and
segmental-arched window openings on other elevations;
• surviving, double-hung, two-over-two, round-arched window units;
• examples of graining on interior wood trim;
• the form, proportions, and rubble-stone construction of the stone tail, with larger units
above the gable window and as quoins on the southwest and southeast corners; and
• its siting on an elevated portion of the property above Whitevale Road and Sideline 26,
and its orientation towards Whitevale Road.
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8 Recommendations
As outlined above, the property at 3185 Sideline 26 meets the criteria for determining cultural
heritage value or interest under Ontario Regulation 9/06; specifically criteria 1.i, 1.ii, 2.i, 2.ii, 3.i,
and 3.ii.
While the property remains in Crown ownership, sections 26.1 and 25.2(2)(1) of the Ontario
Heritage Act prevent the City of Pickering from designating the property under section 29 (Part
IV) of the OHA. However, the City of Pickering is free to continue to list the property on its
heritage register pursuant to section 27 of the OHA. The City should consider updating the
property’s listing on the Pickering Heritage Registry to include the Statement of Significance. The
results of this evaluation and the Statement of Significance should also be shared with the
Province, along with a request that the property be managed in compliance with the Standards
& Guidelines for Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties.
If the property passes out of Crown ownership, the municipality should consider individual
designation of the property under section 29 OHA. While the draft Statement of Significance
includes interior features, the City may decide as a matter of policy that it does not protect
interior features of a private dwelling and that these would not be included in any designation
by-law.
As outlined above, the property exhibits archaeological potential. Future cultural heritage policy
decisions regarding this property should consider this potential for previously undiscovered
archaeological sites or resources and a Stages 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment should be
carried out by a licensed professional archaeologist prior to any below-grade construction
activities.
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9 Sources
APA – The Engineered Wood Association, History of APA, Plywood, and Engineered Wood.
Accessed online June, 2015 at http://www.apawood.org/apas-history.
Bray Heritage, Seaton Neighbourhood Planning Background Report: Whitevale Road Heritage
Corridor Review, Report prepared for the City of Pickering, May 2010.
Contentworks, Thematic Study and Phase I Evaluation of ORC Properties in Pickering. Report
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---, Phase II Evaluation of Residences on Whitevale Road, Pickering. Report prepared for the
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