Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
109
Hardcover book,corlored illustrated dustjacket, 16 x 24 cm., 306 pages, published by the author in 1974. FROM PATHS TO PLANES This is Copy Number of a Limited First Edition December, 1974 Copyright © Lillian M. Gauslin 1974 All Rights Reserved THIS IS COPY NUMBER 2033 OF A LIMITED FIRST EDITION December, 1974 Copyright Lillian M. Gauslin 1974 All Rights Reserved I came to know Claremont at a fairly early age and as my interests developed in Ontario County through farming and municipal politics, close ties were created with the community. Claremont is similar in many ways to other rural communities in Ontario; perhaps it is safe to say that it is typical of rural Ontario communities. What makes Claremont different in my eyes is its spirit. Bricks and mortar give the community its physical appearance, but to me the spirit of the community gives it its personality, much like a person. And the spirit can either make a community ugly or beautiful. In Claremont's case it has been the latter, which the author has captured quite graphically. This is a story of a community of human beings, not bricks and mortar or municipal boundaries. In the final chapter of this book the author discusses the future of Claremont and discusses its survival with the development of the surrounding area. At this point in time I am not wise enough to foresee what the future will be for Claremont, but I hope that the spirit of the community will survive. The Honourable William G. Newman August 1974 To our son RONALD whose interest in the past has been an inspiration to me INTRODUCTION There has long been need of a history of Claremont and the northern section of Pickering Township — something between the short but very informative "Claremont — Past and Present", printed in 1938 and the more exhaustive histories of the country which few people now have the inclination to read. The most valuable source of information is a book entitled "Past Years in Pickering", written by the Rev. W.R. Wood, a Presbyterian Minister who lived in Claremont. He travelled all over the township by horse and buggy to get material for his book and finally had it published in 1911. Many selections have been taken from that book. The history of the northern part of Pickering Township is like that of almost every township of Southern Ontario, but nevertheless, it has incidents which are exclusively its own. No other community can share these same interests and in a few cases these incidents are of historical value. In this book we have tried to give a fairly complete account of the lives and happenings of those who settled here. They were ordinary people, many of them very poor, but through their lives they have made this country richer; they have planted a foundation that has enabled us to separate the good from the bad, the true from the false and given us the courage to face the unknown future. It is hoped that the reader of this book will appreciate the persistence of these people who left their own country and settled in strange surroundings once occupied only by Indians. Claremont is the northern terminus of Pickering Township (now the Town of Pickering). Long before the settlement of this country, it was on the line of travel between the Lake Ontario region at Frenchman's Bay and the foot-hills of Uxbridge. It is situated on the line of the Canadian Pacific vii Railway and on entering it by the main road (the Brock Road) which runs north and south, the charms of its natural surroundings are apparent. Claremont stands on an elevation, which by travelling a mile in any direction, overlooks a wide expanse of richly cultivated farm land stretching down to Lake Ontario. It is a long straggling village. The population of approximately three hundred (in 1900) had built homes principally following the line of travel, but more recently, the inhabitants have grouped themselves around the centre. It extends over a more considerable area than one might expect from its population. I have always been keenly interested in the history of this area and the coming of the new "Toronto International Airport" at our doorstep, has given me the incentive to record the history of it before it is lost forever. Since I began this project, almost two years ago, enough interest has been shown by local residents, whose roots are embedded here, to give me the encouragement I needed to continue and make it become a reality. It has been a difficult task. Many names and events have been omitted as it has been impossible to include everything in a volume of this size. However, if this book gives the reader some enjoyment and knowledge of this small community, its purpose will have been served. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Formation of Pickering Township 2. Our Pioneers — The Wixsons 3. The Great Migration 4. From Paths to Planes 5. Three Noted Families — The Pughs — The Evans — The Wards 6. Agriculture 7. The 3 R's 8. Built on Faith 9. Recreation 10. Forming a Community 11. Business Development 12. Claremont — a Police Village 13. Services — Phone, Library and Firefighting 14. Lodges and Organizations 15. The Legion — Lest We Forget 16. Our Doctor — N.F. Tomlinson 17. Surrounding Communities 18. Pioneer Farms and Families 19. The Future of Claremont — TO BE or NOT TO BE? ix OUR PIONEERS I opened our old family album, Its cover was faded and worn, And I looked upon the pictures That were there before I was born. I studied those earnest faces, Their eyes steadfast and clear, And I wondered about my ancestors And why they had come here. Just what prompted their decision To come to this great land, To battle the might ocean And till this unplowed land. They must have seen a vision, In this new land vast and broad, And they knew they had a challenge When their strong hands turned the sod. x Could we ever have a history As glorious as the past? Could we open up the frontiers Of a new land strong and vast? We would not have the courage To leave our homes and go To fight the unknown terrors That our pioneers would know. So sleep, oh sleep so softly, You have left no path untrod, The pioneers of this great land We leave you safe with God. Ruth Mitchell. Formerly of Claremont, Ontario. xi CHAPTER 1 The Formation of Pickering Township In writing this history it is necessary to begin in the eighteenth century before there were any white men living in Pickering Township. What kind of new country was it that these people from the "Old World" had heard about? It was all a mystery and yet even before the first white settlers made their homes here, there are records showing that there was an Indian village located near Claremont in the Township of Pickering. Indian relics were found in considerable quantity, showing that an aboriginal village once existed in this locality. At the site near Claremont, a large Indian burying ground had been found. The early settlers believed that this ancient settlement belonged to the once powerful Huron nation. Around 1700, there were also Indians belonging to the Chippewa and Mississauga tribes in the area. No portion of the County of Ontario was the fixed abode of any white man until near the middle of the eighteenth century. Many "Coureurs de Bois'' may have had visits with the Indians but they have left no permanent traces. Prior to that time, the known and actual history of Ontario County is very vague. We have no written record but merely a few disconnected facts that make it difficult to distinguish whether they are true or not. Then, during the first session of the First Parliament of Upper Canada in 1792, an Act was passed whereby four districts, set apart in 1788, were given the names of Eastern, Midland, Home and Western Districts. The Home District, previously called Nassau, embraced a large tract of land extending westward from the head of the Bay of Quinte to a line extending due north from the extreme projection of Long Point on Lake Erie. This became the district in which Pickering Township was located. To each of these districts was appointed a judge and a sheriff, who administered justice by means of Courts of Common Pleas. In the original surveys of the territory within the County of York, as then constituted, it appears that the frontier townships of Pickering, Scarborough, and York were at first named Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dublin, 1 respectively. These names were not attached to them very long, as their present names were assigned to them before 1800. In 1798, an Act was passed "for the better division of this province", whereby it was enacted that the Counties of Northumberland, Durham, York and Simcoe should form the Home District. The County of York1 was divided into two parts, to be called respectively the East and West Ridings. The East Riding was to consist of the Townships of Whitby, Pickering, Scarborough, York, Etobicoke, Markham, Vaughan, King, Whitchurch, Uxbridge, Gwillimbury and the tract of land lying between the County of Durham and Lake Simcoe. The population of the Home District, around 1821, was about twelve thousand and progress had been very slow indeed. Illustration: Letter pertaining to Survey of Lot 27, Conc. 8, Pickering, for Mr. Joseph Law, 1853. 1 York included the present County of Ontario and also the present Counties of York and Peel. In 1851, a statute passed during this session of parliament stated that the Counties of Ontario, Peel and York were to be united. Then, by the close of 1853, provision was made for the dissolution of unions of counties, and under this enactment, Ontario separated from York and Peel. Each county was controlled by a council composed of a Warden and a Councillor from each Township. If the Townships had a population of more than 300 householders, they were entitled to two councillors who were required to be residents and landowners within the district. Whitby was incorporated as the County Town on January 20, 1855, and because of its many natural and other advantages, was a wise choice for the location of the County Town. The following is a list of the men from our locality who have occupied the office of Warden, together with the respective years of service: 1876 — John Miller, 1887 — Joseph Monkhouse, 1902 — George Gerow, 1915 — D.M. Morgan, (Uxbridge Township), 1920 — W. George Scott, 1928 — G.M. Forsyth, 1943 — Wm. Reesor. The history of Pickering Township as a definite territorial division began in 1791, when Augustus Jones, the deputy provincial land surveyor for the Nassau District, marked out the boundaries. The concessions were to be one and a quarter miles apart and the sideroads one-half mile from one to the other, running north and south. No further history of the township seems to have been recorded until in Illustration:Crown Grant of Land to Robert Law - 1856. 4 From Paths to Planes 1796, George the Third granted to Mrs. Catharine McGill Lots 16 and 17, Concession 1; the south half of Lot 18, Concession 1; and Lot 17, Concession 2. Then gradually more and more settlers began working their way further inland and, after the War of 1812, free passage and liberal grants of land induced a large immigration from Great Britain. A portion of the "DoomsdayBook" gives a list of all the Crown Land grants in the Township. A few such grants were: King's College, later known as Clergy Reserves — 4,600 acres; Canada Company which brought out settlers — 5,200 acres; Major Smith — 5,000 acres; Lieutenant Hill — 1,200 acres; and others. The earliest municipal record of the Township of Pickering was in 1803 when a meeting was held at the home of Samuel Munger, Lot 7, Conc. 2, for the purpose of choosing officers for the Townships of Whitby and Pickering. At this meeting a Town Clerk and Collector, two Assessors, two Town Wardens, two Fence Viewers, and five Pathmasters were chosen. Then, in 1808, the first census of the Township of Pickering was taken showing one hundred and eighty people to be living there, some of whom were located around Claremont, which was then just a crossroads. In the Township there were forty men and thirty- five women, and one hundred and five boys and girls under the age of sixteen. This was the year that many of the settlers died due to the epidemics of typhus and measles. In 1851, when the Township of Pickering became a part of the County of Ontario, the population had increased to over 6,000. The tax on a hundred-acre farm was about two pounds and the value of cleared land was five pounds, five shillings per acre. The most important industry was flour milling and 25,500 barrels were milled annually. Twenty -four sawmills produced 5,230,000 board feet and four carding mills produced 25,862 pounds of cloth yearly.From two piers at Frenchman's Bay, squared timber, masts, pine logs and cordwood came from the northern part of the Township. Grain was shipped from the east side of the Bay and farmers lined up as far north as Liverpool. In 1842 the first district councillors were elected: Alexander Campbell and W.H. Michell, and in 1850 the first regular municipal Council of the Township of Pickering was elected, consisting of: W.H. Michell, Reeve; R.A. Parker, Deputy Reeve; Peter Taylor, Frederick Green and Joshua Wixson, Councillors. Peter Taylor was the Township's first treasurer and Hector Beaton held the three offices of Clerk, Collector and Assessor. Rev. A.W. Waddell was Superintendent of Common Schools and P.F. Whitney and George Begg were Auditors. Illustration: Pickering Township Council -1929 -A. Spears, Assessor; Roy Ward, Road Supt., D.R. Beaton, Clerk; H. Pugh, Treas.; W.G. Scott, Collector; R.C. Reesor, Councillor; G.L. Middleton, 1st. Deputy Reeve; G.M. Forsyth, Reeve; E.L. Chapman, 2nd. Deputy Reeve; A.B. Moore, Councillor. North Pickering residents have played a very important role in administering the affairs of the Township. Since 1850 the following have served as Reeve of Pickering: W.H. Michell — 1850-51-52 J. Miller— 1875-76-78-79-80-81-82 J. Monkhouse — 1884-85-86-87 J. Underhill — 1904 W.G. Scott— 1912 E.B. Hoover— 1915-16 R.R. Mowbray — 1918 and John Forgie — 1918 W.G. Scott — 1919-20 John Forgie — 1923-24 G.M. Forsyth — 1927-28-29 Wm. Reesor— 1940-41-42-43-44 Illustration: Map of Pickering Township. From Town Line to Lake Ontario. CHAPTER 2 Our Pioneers —The Wixons The pioneers of the northern part of Pickering Township (now the Town of Pickering) were the Wixson brothers, Joseph and Joshua, who came to Pickering toward the close of the eighteenth century from Steuben County and settled in the neighbourhood of what is now the Ninth Concession. They were of English descent and their ancestors came to America and settled in the State of Massachusetts in 1684, later moving to New York State. When they came to Canada, they were still young men, married, and Joshua's eldest son, Amos, was only six years of age. Joseph Wixson took up land west of the Brock Road and erected his home just north of where the road bends to the east in Claremont. Later, he is said to have owned all the land on the west of the Brock Road, from his home to the eighth Concession. A parcel of land west of this was later occupied by Abraham Townsend, a brother of Mrs. Joseph Wixson. Joseph's family included: Randall, Townsend, Joseph, Elizabeth, Mary, Sarah, Lois and Clarice. Illustration:Mrs. Sylvanus Sharrard (nee Ruth Wixson) 8 From Paths to Planes Joshua and his wife, Rachel Eggleston, had found the site where they would build their home, east of the land taken up by his brother. Their children were: Amos, Asa, Joel, Aser, Ruth (Mrs. Sylvanus Sharrard), John, Joshua, Solomon, Benjamin and Rachel. Their daughter, Ruth, is believed to have been the first child born of white parents in the northern half of the township. From here they moved to the seventh Concession, west of the Brock Road. When the Wixson family arrived in North Pickering there were no people to welcome them — no roads to travel — no clearings for them to build their homes — no stores from which they could buy clothes or food — not even a building in which they could worship. It is difficult to imagine how they faced these hardships. Joshua's life is said to be the history of the Baptist Church in Claremont. He became greatly involved and through his narrow ideas he and his family were separated from the church, but by 1822 Joshua was voted as Elder of the first Baptist Church of Christ in Pickering. The meetings were commonly held in Joshua Wixson's house. Then they decided to build a church in Claremont on Joseph Wixson's lot, number eighteen on the ninth Concession of Pickering; but before the building was completed, Elder Wixson died on December 31, 1850. In the fall of 1851, the building of the church was completed. This was a plank building. Then, in the sixties, it became apparent that they needed a new church and it was built and ready for worship by October, 1866. This church is still being used to-day. The self-sacrificing enthusiasm of the Wixsons, and others, made the building of a place of worship possible amid adverse circumstances. Joshua Wixson, although narrow in his ideas, was an earnest Christian, and his death was a loss to the Claremont Church. Many laymen such as this had laboured long in establishing religion in this primitive country. Joseph Wixson was more interested in political life than his brother — he was a promoter of everything that would better living conditions in the community. His first experience at this was in 1811, when a municipal meeting was held on the first Monday of March, in which Joseph was appointed Poundkeeper and his brother-in-law, Abraham Townsend, was appointed Collector and Pathmaster. Other officers chosen were: Town Clerk — Thomas Hubbard Assessors — David Crawford, John Haight Other Pathmasters — Noadiah Woodruff, Thomas Matthews, John Lawrence Other Poundkeeper — Timothy Rogers Town Wardens — John Richard, James Powell "Town Meetings" were held from 1811 until 1835 in different homes. Then, in 1835, it was decided to hold all future meetings at Andrew Thompson's tavern on the fifth Concession, but occasionally they met in Our Pioneers - The Wixsons 9 the Central Hotel in Brougham. In 1854, the Township Hall was built in Brougham and the Council met there until 1944 when the Brougham Hotel became known as the Municipal Building for the Township of Pickering. In 1966, the Council voted to erect a new building on the corner of the Brock Road and Highway No. 2. In 1836, Joseph Wixson was appointed one of three commissioners whose duties were much the same as councillors and by 1839 they became known as "Town Wardens". They were appointed annually until the organization of the municipal council in 1850. From then until 1854, Joseph held the position of Councillor of the Township and in the years 1859 and 1868 he was Deputy Reeve. His son Joseph Jr. was also politically inclined and he became Deputy Reeve in 1860, 1861 and 1863, and Councillor in 1862, 1864 and 1865. It was only fitting that one of the streets in Claremont should be named "Wixson", extending from the ninth Concession to Lane Street through what was once the Wixson property. It was on the west corner of the Ninth and Wixson Street that Mr. G.M. Forsyth, a direct descendant of the Wixson family, built his home after retiring from the farm and where, until 1973, his two daughters, Viola and Georgina lived. From the beginning, the population of Pickering Township increased so much that applications and requests for land titles, transfers and sales were pouring into the registry office and old by-laws such as those made in the earlier years were becoming outdated. The Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario (1877) states: "By-Law (1811) — Voted that fences be four feet and a-half high andNot more than five Inches between Rails. "Note (1812) — "Our town ofisors ware Put in By the Qarter Sesons for the year A.D. 1813 By Reason of the wor that was Declearede against us By the States in the year: 1812. "By-Law (1824) — 3rd. "that any unruly Creature of any Description either horse or ox or Cow, Bull Mully, or young Creature of any sort or size shall Not be a free Commoner, but shall be liable to be taken up and put In the pound By any person, Either Man woman or Boy and the owner shall pay all Damages, poundages and Costs whether said Creature was found Doing Damage or Not." The Wixsons probably played a large part in the making of such by-laws. With increased prosperity, the people began to have more time to observe the machinery of the government. \Much dissatisfaction was caused by the promised land not being given to those who had served during the War of 1812, but the government was in the hands of a few influential men, connected by family ties, who held all offices and received grants of 10 From Paths to Planes the best land in the country. This group of men became known as the "Family Compact". In 1824, William Lyon Mackenzie published a newspaper entitled "The Colonial Advocate", in which he wrote articles criticizing the Family Compact. A mob of rioters broke his printing-press and threw it into Toronto Harbour. Mackenzie was not suppressed — he became more popular than ever and continued harassing the "Compact". Mackenzie was a small Scotsman, five-foot-six in height with a massive head and stern-set jaws. At one meeting that he attended, it was reported that "he raved in all directions, of grievances here, and grievances there which the company had not ventured to enumerate." He held several meetings at Thompson's Tavern in Pickering Township, and several families in this area were represented — the Wixsons, the Matthews, the Barclays. They were keenly interested and even took part in the activities that were leading up to very serious trouble. Some residents of the township, however, were in favour of the government. They took a firm stand against the rebels and men were sent from Toronto to try to handle the situation. At the time of the Mackenzie Rebellion in 1837, many settlers demanded reform of the laws of the country. Mass meetings, speeches, rallies and even riots in support of the Reform Act took place. Then Mackenzie summoned the settlers to Montgomery's Tavern on Yonge Street in Toronto, and ordered them to burn the Don River bridge (the only way the government could get reinforcements from Scarborough to Toronto). Among those who were caught and arrested were: George Barclay, Townsend Wixson, Randall Wixson, Asa Wixson, Solomon Sly, Joel Wixson, Thomas Sly, Ira Anderson, James Brown, Joshua Wixson and Thomas Tracy. Randall Wixson and two others were transported to England in chains and kept there until July 1839, when they were released and allowed to return to America. As a result of the rebellion, Lord Durham saw that it was necessary to change the laws of the country. He presented his famous report and by 1841 Upper and Lower Canada were united again in a Legislative Union. CHAPTER 3 The Great Migration Emigration to Canada between 1830 and 1860 was more a matter of necessity than choice. Newspapers and letters had been sent to the "Old Country", telling of the new land that overflowed with wealth, that had rich, fertile soil, waters abounding in fish and great commercial advantages. There were no taxes in Canada, a great asset over the countries the new settlers were leaving. England had always been burdened with taxes, Scotland had never been a rich country, and Ireland had endured one of its worst famines in 1847, so to the poorer class Canada seemed the ideal place to go. Thousands of poverty-stricken Irish peasants left their homes and sailed for their new "paradise". There was also a large number of English soldiers who decided to supplement their war pensions by farming in Canada. They didn't always make a success of their farms but with their high standards and superior education they were considered the "Upper Class", and they helped to lift life out of a mere struggle for existence. But to the poorer class it was another story. The letters they received hadn't told of the hardships they would have to endure — the extreme climate (so bitterly cold in the winter), the dense forests that had to be cut down so that they could build their dwellings, and the disease they could encounter from not getting the proper food. They had left their comfortable homes in the "Old Country" to make their fortune. These people, through their determination and hard work, were rich in spirit, independent and content. It was settlers of this type that made our country what it is to-day. In the early 1800's, the new settlement scheme became known. Free passage on the ships was granted to all families. Free rations were provided for a limited period and small implements, essential for farming, were furnished at a reduced price. Clergymen and school-teachers were promised a salary and if settlers were still on the land that had been allotted to them in two years' time, they were to be refunded a deposit that had been required. This discouraged settlers from going to the United States instead of Canada. By 1820, a very small population extended over a large area. They had 11 13 From Paths to Planes Illustration:The Rev. and Mrs. Thomas Gostick difficulty communicating with one another, religion and education faced great difficulties and it was almost impossible to send produce to market. Then, by 1830, the unassisted emigrant came to Canada. This included a great number of farmers, professional people and settlers from every walk of life. Many came from Scotland and Ireland and a large proportion came from England — people were pouring into what was then Upper Canada. At that time, an English settlement was formed on the seventh, eighth, and ninth Concessions of Pickering. They were the Tracys, Gosticks, Palmers, Bennetts and Winters, some of whom had spent as many as thirteen weeks sailing from England to Canada. Arriving at Montreal, they travelled by cart to Pickering which was still unbroken forest. They proceeded through the woods, cutting down trees and constructing a roadway for their horses and carts until they reached their destination. The site they had chosen was, in later years, one of the best farming areas in Ontario. Upon their arrival they pitched a tent, prepared the first meal in their new surroundings and began making plans for the future. After clearing enough land, they erected a dwelling upon it. Many of the first houses were built of logs with one large room downstairs and two bedrooms above, which were reached by a ladder. The hired man slept in a room on the upper floor of the stable. Here he could repair harness and do other jobs. It is said that "Thomas Appleby, one of the early settlers of the Primitive Methodist faith began, like so many others, in humble circumstances."1 His family had two rooms in their home, a bedstead in the bedroom and a bunk, doubled up in the kitchen, which formed a seat for the daytime and a bed at night. It held the bedding inside and became a common piece of kitchen furniture when space was limited. 1; Old-time Primitive Methodism in Canada, by Mrs. R.P. Hopper Illustration: Free Grants of Land 14 From Paths to Planes The floor was made of large timbers — smooth on the upper surface. Paint was unheard of, so the floor was washed with coarse sand and hot water, using a heavy broom or mop, until it practically shone. Most log houses were built using large boulders placed at each corner of the building. Then logs were placed, one on top of another, until the building was eight or nine feet high. Between the logs the indentations were filled with moss plastered with clay. The rafters were then set in position and sometimes a chimney built. If there was no chimney, the smoke escaped through the roof, which was built of thick slabs of wood. Two openings in the cabin served as windows and sometimes the window was closed by a piece of board, set in grooves, that was pushed back and forth. This applied to the door opening also. The Gosticks settled on the seventh Concession where they built a log house and it was here, on this farm, that five generations of the same family lived. When the log house was torn down, a brick one was built to replace it. The Gosticks looked after the spiritual welfare of the new settlers and helped them in every way possible. They were a fine example of the pioneers in Pickering. Thomas Coates emigrated from Yorkshire, England, in the 1830's. He was just nineteen years of age at the time and all he possessed was a gun. Having been told about the savage Indians, he came prepared. He traded the gun for an old white horse which he used to good advantage, and in 1857, was able to buy the farm on the Pickering-Uxbridge Townline. Thomas married Sarah Beverley, and they had one son, George, who became the organizer of Claremont Citizens' Band. About this time, there was a settlement located on the fourth Concession of Uxbridge and the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline, known as "Buffalo Corners". This thriving little community included a soap factory, a lime kiln, a blacksmith shop, a hotel known as "The Dew Drop Inn", and quite a number of homes. With the coming of the railroad to Claremont, business in Buffalo Corners soon dwindled and the village became extinct. The hotel was torn down and enough lumber preserved to build two homes — one, the home where Mr. Basil Graham now lives and one on the Chapman farm close by. The store was torn down in the 1920's. After Canada had been taken over by the English in 1763, thousands of Americans who remained loyal to England decided to come to Canada to live and many chose Upper Canada as their destination. Between 1780 and 1812, they located around Kingston and the Bay of Quinte while others were around Niagara. The latter group divided into three sections: (1) to Waterloo County, (2) to Markham and Pickering Townships, (3) to Essex County. The leader of the group that settled in Markham and Pickering Townships was Christian Reesor. He and his son, Peter, arrived in 1801 from Pennsylvania. They had travelled by horseback and after examining the soil and climate, they soon decided that it was just Illustration: "The above document is property of Mrs. Harry Porter, and reads as follows: .......... Lonthrop Cooke Justice of the Peace" the place they wanted to live. They traded their horses for land situated on the tenth Concession of Markham and returned on foot to Pennsylvania. There, they made arrangements for the remaining members of the family and their friends to move to Canada the following year.^2 They were six weeks making the journey in covered wagons, stopping wherever darkness overtook them. They brought everything that they thought was essential. Cows walked along beside the wagons and were milked both morning and night. Butter was churned as they went along. When the settlers reached their destination, they followed the cattle into the woods and ate whatever they ate. York (Toronto) had the only grocery store and that was a three days' journey. They soon extended their holdings to Pickering Township. The Reesor family intermarried with the Hoovers, the Ramers and the Nighswanders, and they were highly respected throughout the country. They were Mennonite in religion and were in very good circumstances, owning hundreds of acres of good farm land. Thousands of their descendants are found from one coast to the other and from the Gulf of Mexico to Hudson Bay. 2;Owing to delays in selling their holdings in Pennsylvania, they did not begin their journey until 1804. Illustration: Indenture. 1824 – Abraham Townsend came to Canada with his sister Deborah, brother-in-law Joseph Wixson, sister Elizabeth and her husband, Anthony Hendrick (sometimes spelled Hendryz). Abraham was born July 7, 1771, in Orange County, N.Y., son of Gamaliel and Elizabeth Townsend. His name appeared on the first tax list of 1794 in Chemung Town, in Montgomery County, U.S.A. He married Statira Keeney, who was born in East Hartford, Connecticut in 1778. They sold their New York land and came here in 1799. In 1802, he was granted two hundred acres on Lot 20, Conc. 9, Pickering. The following is a copy of the grant issued to Abraham Townsend 23rd November, 1802: Council Chamber, 23rd November 180 Report of a Committee of Council Present: The Honorable Henry Allcock, Chief Justice The Honorable Peter Rupell The Honorable John McGill Esquires The Committee took into consideration the followingpetitions referred to it by His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor Abraham Townsend — Praying for land as a settler Pickering yeoman No. 145 — Recommended fortwo hundred acres subject to settling duties. The next reference made to Abraham Townsend, related to a petition from him read in Council 12, March 1840. On this occasion he requested a patent for Lot 20, Conc. 9, Pickering. The clerk placed these papers in the hands of the Attorney-General with a view to prosecuting the parties concerned for frauds and conspiracy appearing in the papers. (Land Book U. R. G. 1,L 1, vol.39). Abraham and his wife left Canada about 1815 and returned to the States. Townsend Township, in Sandusky County, Ohio, was called after, and is named in honour of its pioneer settler, Abraham Townsend. Prior to 1799, the farm on Lot 23, Conc. 8, Pickering, was owned by the government. Then, on May 4th of that year, the government gave to Captain George Law one thousand acres of land, all on one day, and all surrounding Lot 23. Subsidies, such as this, were given in payment of war service. This lot became the property of several owners. In the early 1800's, it was split into thirds. Then, it became one complete two-hundred acre lot and finally, it was divided into two halves, the north and the south. In January 1841, William Wilson purchased the land and in 1908, the land was willed to Mrs. Frank Carson (her mother was a Wilson), and her son, Aubrey, now operates the farm. This pioneer home was torn down a few years ago and a description of it was published in the Stoufville Tribune: "The house itself was built of square moulds dug into the ground and with this method the blocks were formed. The clay, rock and straw were tramped in with wet mud, either by the use of animals or children. The straw was used to bind and hold the blocks together, which were then set in the sun to dry and harden. Newspapers wall-papered an upstairs closet. There were about four layers, the most recent being an issue of the Toronto World, dated 1901. White clapboard covered the moulded clay blocks and the rafters were put together with wooden pins." Such were the homes of the early settlers in this area. 18 From Paths to Planes A few years after the Wixsons settled in the area, Samuel Swartz obtained land on Lot 33, Conc. 9, Pickering (where Orval Fretz now lives). He had come from Pennsylvania and received a crown grant of the whole two hundred acres in 1808. Daniel Yake was the second owner and he and his wife, Mary Nicely, who had also come from Pennsylvania, settled on the north half in 1812. The hardships these settlers had to endure are almost indescribable. Daniel and his first wife had come from Germany but because of the hardships during their fourteen-week voyage, his wife and four of their children died and were buried at sea. He and his little daughter finally reached Pennsylvania and there he met and married Mary Nicely, by whom he had a family of three boys. Around 1800, they came to Canada bringing what little they had with them. They were forced into eating plants out of the forest. In 1812, their son, Michael, refused to bear arms. He was sent to jail and there lived on nothing but bread and water. Descendants of this family still live in Claremont. Then, in 1817, there was a great migration from Nova Scotia. These people had escaped the plague and the cholera that had been prevalent in Upper Canada the previous year and arrived when the settlers desperately needed help. They brought food with them, not only for themselves but others in the area. The potatoes, used for both eating and seed, had a blue mark on the tip and were called "blue-noses". This name was later changed to the "Nova Scotians''. The new settlers and their food were a welcome sight to the starving pioneers. EARLY LIFE This part of the Township of Pickering soon became well-settled. The woods were inhabited by foxes, bears, wolves and other wild animals and the farm animals proved a prey for these hungry scavengers. The settlers would often be supplied with venison or fish by the Indians who, in turn, traded them for milk or bread. The furniture was made either by a carpenter or the head of the household, very simply and usually out of butternut. There were no nails except the ones they made themselves. Therefore, most of the furniture was put together with wooden plugs. Huge fire-places were used to heat their homes and even to cook on at first. Then large cook-stoves with long stove-pipes that stretched from one side of the house to the other and from the main floor to the roof, heated the entire dwelling. Earthenware, pewter dishes and iron pots were used for cooking and boilers, washbasins, wood-boxes and churns were familiar items in the settler's kitchen. They tried to be self-sufficient and make what they needed, so every home was equipped with a spinning-wheel and loom. Cooking was not as simple as it might have been either; baking powder was still unknown and hard-wheat flour was not developed until the 1880's, but this did not stop them — they managed without. Some of the popular cakes made at that time were hot-water ginger-bread, Johnny cake and sponge cake made right from scratch — there were no cake-mixes to rely on. (Sponge cake goes back two centuries and was a favourite of the early settlers.) The aroma of doughnuts, pies, tarts and cookies always filled the kitchen. Yeast starter was on hand for the next batch of bread and the making of butter out of cream, was a weekly chore. I have heard them speak of biscuits, "Like my Mother used to make" — I have heard them tell of cookies, Apple pie and angel cake; But for good old joy in eating When the hungry must be fed, I'll just take some homemade butter And a loaf of Mother's bread. There was love went in the mixing And the kneading of the dough. There was care went in the watching That the fire burned just so. There was hearty satisfaction, When she took them, golden-brown, From the oven to the table And there turned them upside-down. Then she greased them well with butter — Bottom, sides and top and ends — And to see them there a-cooling, Was like greeting old-time friends. And I'd give a baker's dozen Of the loaves which now I spread, For a bit of homemade butter And a loaf of "Mother's bread." W.E. Whitney In spite of all their troubles and heartaches, the pioneers were a healthy lot. Much of the sickness that is prevalent now, was unheard of then. Medicines were made by the settlers themselves, using herbs and the bark of different trees such as pine, balsam and cherry. Ginger tea was given for a cold and horehound candy was used to prevent coughing. Patent medicines were unknown. A recipe for making a Dyspepsia medicine came to light lately, having been found in a barn near Stouffville. The recipe called for: extract of Taraxaci (a fancy name for dandelion root), Gentian, Zedoary, Senega, Radix, pulverized Rhei Root, Colomba and Juniperus. "Carefully dissolve the Taraxaci in warm water, combine the other ingredients in a six ounce phial and fill with rye whiskey. Agitate gently." 20 From Paths to Planes Illustration: Hubbard Home -Built before 1840 —Now Property of Mr. Hugh Kortright If the medicine was bitter enough it was bound to cure the ailment — that, and a little faith, did wonders. When treating a wart, they simply tied a string around it, then removed and buried the string in the ground and forgot about it. In a couple of weeks the wart was gone. This actually worked! The settlers had become so expert at treating their complaints that they rarely needed a doctor. The mother was the doctor and nurse for the entire family. Every fall she and the children would go into the woods and gather all kinds of roots and leaves including black alder for burns, plantain leaves for a poultice and burdock roots for indigestion. Their greatest fear was from epidemics such as smallpox. Their first means of light was the betty lamp which was merely a wick placed in a pan of grease. Then came the tinder boxes. These were a poor excuse for a light, but if an emergency arose they were quite acceptable. Then the candle was used, followed by coal-oil or kerosene lamps that gave a much better light. No task was more tedious than cleaning lamp chimneys, but since the neck of the chimney was quite small, the children were usually given this job, much to their displeasure. In ten or fifteen years, great changes came about. Houses and barns were built. Pigs, cows and horses were found on almost every farm, and large clearings were to be seen almost everywhere. The log houses were giving way to brick and then to stone and it is said that the Bennetts built one of the finest houses in Pickering Township (Lot 23, Conc. 9). It was built of brick with "spacious rooms and massive woodwork". The Scotts, the Wards, the Pughs and the Evans were arriving and Claremont was becoming quite a settlement. Illustration: Map of Pickering Township - 1877 Illustration: Map of Claremont 1877 CHAPTER 4 From Paths to Planes In the 1830's, the only main roads in Pickering Township were the Brock Road and the Kingston Road, and they were scarcely worth calling roads. The Brock Road was just a path through the forest made by the Indians, by wild animals or by the settlers who had inhabited the northern part of the township some years before. Along the muddy trail, the heavy farm-carts came, bringing the settlers. After an hour's rest for themselves and their horses at Bentley's Corners (later Brougham), some travelled on again while others remained to get a meal and a night's lodging at the tavern. Here the fare and accommodations were on a par with those of a farm house — an abundance of good, substantial, well-cooked food. They had found the roads rough. Those they were entering were still worse. Sometimes trees had fallen in their path or a water-hole had to be crossed. Then there would be a sudden drop, first the front wheels and then the back with a jolt that threw them onto the ground. On they went, some times leaving part of their possessions behind. Finally, after many, many hours (sometimes even days) these weary travellers reached their destination. It was in the vicinity of the village then known as "Noble's Corners" (later Claremont). Horses were few and consequently the settlers carried their belongings from place to place. Then, as the bush was cleared, they moved in bringing horses and wagons with them. The first means of transportation other than horseback was a two-wheeled cart. Then came the wagon pulled by a team of horses. The wagon was made entirely of wood, the axle and tongue from ironwood and the hubs and spokes from oak — iron tires were unknown. Then cutters and bobsleighs were used, and the two-seated democrat. This was a sturdy vehicle, lasting up to fifty years over the roughest roads, but as the roads improved, the horse and buggy took over, and the covered wagons. The roads of Upper Canada were hard only when frozen over in winter. In the spring, they were a sea of mud, and in low places they didn't dry out until late in the summer. The corduroy roads were made of logs, placed 23 Illustration: Claremont Looking West side by side with mud in between and were difficult to travel on. Some of the new settlers found that their dishes and other valuable possessions were completely ruined after travelling over these roads full of pot-holes and stumps. Alfred Tracy, brother of Ellen, ^1 was one of the settlers who chopped out the ninth Concession. An axe and a logging-chain were the simple tools used in building new roads. Later, picks, shovels, ploughs and primitive scrapers were applied. Gravel or broken stone was used for surfacing material — the stone broken by a sledge hammer. Only a few surfaced roads were built by these methods, but with the introduction of steam power, production was increased. In the 1860's, Sandy Wilson ran the livery stable in Claremont, and he 1 See — Forming a Community fed, stabled and cared for the horses that travellers wished to leave. Two wagon and carriage makers had a thriving business — one shop was built and operated by Bill Dowswell. Settlers could obtain harness made at Nick Burton's and have their horses shod and trimmed at one of the many blacksmith shops. The first one was owned by Thomas Murray, 1851-1866. Then came James McCausland, Alex Morgan, Henry Thompson, Thomas Stephenson, George Graham and his son William, F.M. Cooper and James Harvey (North Claremont). Later, Leonard Lye and Jack Linton (brother of Levi), Jack McGrath and a Mr. Selman handled this trade. In 1860, County Council appropriated $5,000 toward the building of the Brock Road. Steam shovels were used to dig the earth, hauling it away with horse-drawn dump carts and wagons. The emancipation of horsepower began when the horse and wagon were replaced by gas engines. On the country roads, farmers such as Jim Stevenson and Jack Gauslin, hauled gravel from a pit on the eighth Concession for several weeks every year. All male residents (adult) were required to work on the road for at least two weeks and all owners of land, cleared or not, were to open new roads near their land. Illustration: W.P. Jones – Pathmaster W.P. Jones was employed by the County as a Pathmaster. His duties were to oversee the building and maintaining of the ninth Concession between Claremont and the Whitby-Pickering Townline, which was little more than a dirt track at the time. Then farmers with teams and wagons were hired to draw gravel, crown up the centre and add culverts. One day, while the men were putting in a culvert, a tile slipped and Mr. Jones lost three of his fingers. This road, along with other concession roads, fixed the pattern of the farms, the fields and the fences in the Township. The Canadian Pacific Railway line to Claremont was constructed by the Ontario and Quebec Railway Company. It was charted on March 21, 1881, Illustration: C.P.R. Depot to build from Toronto eastward towards Montreal, via Peterboro, Perth and Smiths Falls. Construction was begun in 1882, and in December of that year, a number of men were working near Claremont when a landslide occurred, killing Mr. Ira Woodruff on the spot. Some others nearly met the same fate and Mr. John Birrell was caught by the legs and had to be dug loose. The Ontario and Quebec was originally financed by a group of Toronto businessmen, but just prior to its completion, it was leased to Canadian Pacific from January 4, 1884. Five months later the last rail was laid connecting Toronto with Perth. However, there was a delay in service due to difficulty with a swamp near Kaladar. The whole of the summer of 1884 was required to build up the embankment through this swamp, so train service was not offered to Claremont until \ September, 1884. Prior to World War 1, the Canadian Pacific constructed a second line linking Smiths Falls with Toronto, and the line going through Claremont became a secondary line; and just last year, 1973, the rails of this line were lifted east of Tweed. The railway company had hired Mr. William Ward, of Balsam, as a foreman in this area when the line was built, and as the railway gangs were busy laying the last rails, residents of Claremont were planning the big celebration — "the appearance of the first train passing through Claremont." What an exciting day it was! Hundreds of village residents and neighbouring farmers dropped whatever they were doing and rushed to see the black "monster". As it neared the Claremont station, located almost one mile north of the "Four Corners", spectators thronged the platform and cheered as the train chugged to a stop. Some could not believe that a mode of travel such as this, had actually materialized in this part of the country that was still very primitive. The railway was a big factor in the growth of the community. Settlers were able to come farther inland, grain could be shipped to other parts of the country and livestock was imported by the carload. The trains were slow, infrequent and uncomfortable, but they were a great advantage in transportation. The rails were made of iron rather than steel and the engines were driven by steam. Two grain elevators, also coal and lime sheds, were erected close to the station, and trains began running regularly, transporting both freight and passengers. For over twenty-five years, an old covered bus carried passengers to and from the station (250 return trip) and transported overnight guests to the Claremont Hotel. It seemed that each time the train arrived, Will Graham was there with his prize-winning team of Hackney stallions and as the freight cars rumbled by on the tracks, the horses would prance about, unsteady after hearing the shrill whistle of the engine. Ladies travelled to Toronto to buy a new Easter bonnet or fall coat, business men commuted to and from the larger centres, and the station became the drawing card for young and old alike. Property rose in value and Claremont changed from an insignificant little settlement to a thriving village. Many local men were engaged as section men including: Andy Fleming, George Beverley, Ivan Benson, Mac Middleton, Tom Linton and Evans Benson. These are only a few, but they, along with an "extra" gang hired for the summer, worked under such section bosses as: James Leggett, Levi Linton, Arthur DeRusha and Fauncey Manion. Now, three men maintain twenty-two miles of track. The following is a copy of the plaque that was willed to Mr. Levi Linton's daughter, Mrs. Clifford Reynolds: Mr. L.P. Linton Service With Canadian Pacific Railway Started as Section Man April 1902 until 1912 Section and Extra Gang Foreman 1912-1929 Roadmaster on the London Division 1929-1932 Roadmaster on the Bruce Division 1932-1935 Roadmaster on the Trenton Division 1935-1943 These positions as Roadmaster are considered as being an Official of the Company — Total Service — 42 years Men such as Mr. Levi Linton, who devoted their lifetime to their work and their family and all matters which concern the good of the community, have been the backbone of our country. The railway station in North Claremont had such agents as: Messrs. Hughes, Robbins, Dopking, Drew and Cox. Then in the 1960's, with the steady advancement in the automobile industry, railway transportation began to decline. The local station was closed and Mr. Hanthorne was the last station agent in Claremont. After the improvement of the roads, came experiments in the means of transportation. It is impossible for us to realize how early motors were looked upon by the average person. A few people predicted that they would eventually drive the horse from the road. The vast majority however, would not even listen to the idea of machinery replacing the horse. The most powerful opponents, of course, were those who would be affected financially. If steam coaches were to run upon the roads, horses would not be worth raising. This would affect the farmer, the horse-dealer, the blacksmith and wagon-maker while men who operated livery stables etc. would all be thrown out of employment. However, steam engines did take over and the very useful steam roller was used in the building of roads. The gas engine was the next step toward putting the motor on the road. There was no boiler to be filled with water, no furnace to be fed with coal. A colourless fluid known as petrol was used. Illustration: First Car in Claremont - Owned by Robert Ward Apparently one of the business men of Claremont at the time had a second car following close behind. On the dash-board was a notice, "If the car breaks down, please don't ask a lot of silly questions." Robert Ward, operator of the local foundry, was the owner of the first car in this district. One day he invited Dr. Tomlinson to go to Uxbridge with him. Every few feet he got out and cranked the car. Doc said: "That was it! I could have walked there faster." The streets in Claremont were still more or less dusty laneways, interspersed with weedy vacant lots. Comfortable riding was unheard of and people were forced to sit up straight and grip the handles on the doors. It was a relief to reach one's destination or turn onto the Brock Road which was now the best road in Pickering Township. "An automobile of the latest design, Its use I will never disparage, But for comfort and pleasure pray give me for mine, A McLaughlin reliable carriage." Illustration: Charles Cooper In 1926, "Charlie" Cooper took on the agency for Durant cars and, shortly after, began selling International trucks. When Durant Motors went out of business in 1933, he obtained the dealership for Chrysler, Dodge and Plymouth cars along with Fargo trucks. He sold as many as one hundred automobiles in one year when he later took over the General Motors agency. The oldest established trucking business was owned by Thomas Stanbury. Before trucks came into prominence, he made the trip from Claremont to Toronto by wagon and team. That was back in 1918, and over twenty years later he was still making the same trip delivering cattle to market by truck. "Jim" Peddie later made the same trip. He started driving when he was sixteen years of age. Then, in 1919, he bought a car, started it but couldn't make it stop. For more than an hour he circled a field on his father's farm. "I've always kept that wild bumpy hour in my mind," said Jim. At the end of twenty-six years, he had driven a half-million miles accident free. Steve Wideman took over the trucking business a few years ago. Now he has several trucks and men employed. He has rented the Edgar Ward farm and has a thriving business. In 1918, the first Road Superintendent of the Township of Pickering was appointed. This was Jack Soden. Then Silas Toole succeeded him in 1920, followed by Roy Ward of Claremont. Roy began on May 16, 1922, at a salary of $900. The following year his salary was $1,200, although his duties as road boss only covered the summer months. In the winter, not a great deal of work was done on the country roads as most farmers travelled by sleigh, but as soon as spring came, gravel had to be trucked and spread. Tom Condy was the first steady man that Roy had working for him. Then, in 1931, Albert Lee joined them, driving the one and only gravel truck that the township owned for years. In 1929, the year of the great flood in this area, when the heavy downpour washed out almost every bridge including the dam at Greenwood, Roy was in charge of replacing them with temporary wooden bridges. Eighteen extra men were hired to complete the job until new cement ones could be built. Having been invited to the wedding of Frank Barclay and Rowena Cooper at that time, Roy never shirking his duties, remained on the job. In the 1920's, Frank Barclay was hired by the Township to draw gravel. He began with a Model T, then later owned two Rugby open-air trucks (no cab) which were driven by George DeRusha and Lorne Hardy. After forty-eight years in the employ of Barclay Transport, Lorne retired in 1974. He began as a boy, at the age of sixteen, and soon became foreman of the quarry, near Kinsale. The only break in his long employment was during World War 11. Frank has continued to assist the Township with his many trucks, two front-end loaders and bull-dozers. Although the Airport situation has threatened the existence of his location, his business has remained intact. Walter Ward, a foreman of the County Road Department from 1933 until 1948, was a very active and reliable laborer. Under his direction, worked Robert Beelby, William Linton and Robert (Bob) Lynn. Illustrations: Snowstorm – 1945 & Mac Middleton’s Steam Car In 1945, Roy Ward and his men built the "north" section of the Township Garage at Brougham. Later, it was completed. There the trucks were repaired by Isaac (Ike) Jolly and his assistant, Earl Anderson who began as a licensed mechanic in 1964. Many of the Pickering Township Road Department, of long standing, have been residents of this area. Gordon Benson, Gordon Lynn, Carl Norton and Lawrence Norton have all worked more than twenty years on this same job. Earlier, Robert (Bob) Lynn was one of Roy's most enthusiastic and faithful employees. In 1935, Kenneth Ward was hired by the Township to drive the first motor-grader, which he continued to do for twelve years. After thirty-three years of faithful service, Roy Ward retired. He was honoured at a banquet given by the Council of the Township of Pickering in January 1956. On April 1, 1941, Gordon Benson commenced employment with the Township of Pickering and after twenty-one years of service, became Road Superintendent in 1962. Now, in 1974, there are two road bosses, Gordon, and Ivan Booth of Whitby, along with twenty other workers. In 1957, Malcolm (Mac) Middleton, of Claremont, built his own steam-driven car. He erected a tubular boiler, which was mounted behind the driving-seat and this threw out smoke, steam and fire in every direction. The boiler used about twenty-five pounds of coal, crushed up with a hammer, and every few miles Mac would stop and refuel his car. He used an old Brooks steam engine and as he drove along, clouds of steam rose up in the air, a blazing furnace only inches away from him. This car could go 45 mph., a terrific speed for a vehicle of this type. Mac had found the engine in a scrap yard in Toronto and the boiler had been used to heat a garage. If this car could have worked up enough pressure, it could have climbed a mountain. It was no surprise to the people of Claremont to see him speeding down the road, holding onto the windshield for support and they were just as proud as he was of his new invention. In 1962, McLeod's pool-room and garage was torn down and the Brock Road was widened and hard-topped to handle the ever-increasing amount of traffic. Then, a signal light was erected at the four-corners. In 1971, Ontario County Council approved the construction of a two-lane bypass to skirt the easterly edge of Claremont, from a point two thousand feet south of the Village, rejoining the Brock Road at the Uxbridge-Pickering Town-line. The project was to cost one million dollars. This was met with strong opposition at first by a few rate-payers, but when matters of greater importance were introduced (the airport), the subject of a bypass seemed of minor importance. In October, 1973, the bypass was paved and ready to carry the bulk of traffic, including the hundreds of gravel trucks that passed through Claremont every day.Travelling to distant places in the shortest possible time is the desire of many people but there is little opportunity to observe, at close range, the beauty of the countryside. What they have gained in time, they have lost in pleasure. CHAPTER 5 Three Noted Families The Pughs — The Evans In 1842, the family of Hugh Pugh emigrated from Wales to Pickering Township. Many of the Pugh family intermarried, both in Wales and in Canada, with another Welsh family, the Evans. These families, bound together by family relationships, common religious beliefs, and a desire to be the owner of their own land, settled mostly on the ninth Concession and in Whitevale in South Pickering. The heads of these families were Hugh Pugh, his sons Edward and David, and Edward Morgan who had emigrated because of the great depression in Great Britain. In Wales, all farms were held in lease and could not be owned and the gentry had the right to hunt over the fields without recompensing the farmer. Taxes were paid to support the state church, though you were not a member of the established Church of England. At the same time, Hugh's wife's brother and sister, David Williams and Mrs. Meredith came. The main reason for David's coming was to hunt for his son William who had come over in 1835 and, after considerable searching, he was never heard of again. These families were by no means penniless immigrants. They had all been prosperous tenant farmers in Wales and were persons of means. They were above average in education for that time, and with few exceptions all could read and write. They brought their money with them, in gold coins, and bought farms already partly cleared and with some buildings on them. Hugh Pugh settled on North ½ Lot 26, Cone. 4 Pickering Township, one mile east of Whitevale. This finally came into the hands of Sidney Pugh, a direct descendant. Here Hugh attended and served the Baptist Church in Claremont until 1864 when Whitevale organized its own Baptist Church. He passed away in his ninety-seventh year and his wife Elizabeth in her eighty- third year. Both were buried in Claremont Baptist burial ground. All of their thirteen children emigrated from Wales but two of them died in early life. 33 Their third son Edward and his family settled on Lot 12, Conc. 9, Pickering. Coming with them was his wife's mother, Jane Evans, who was a widow and made her home with her daughter Elizabeth (Mrs. Edward Morgan) of Uxbridge. She also had two other children, Sarah and Mrs. David Pugh of Claremont. They were nine weeks crossing the ocean and in that time, cholera broke out; his wife, aged thirty-four years and eight months, and their four-month-old son died from the dreadful disease. In those days no provision was made on ships for storage of corpses so the bodies were wrapped in canvas and buried at sea. The boat stopped — a prayer was offered — and the bodies were lowered into the Atlantic Ocean. Usually those unable to walk were placed in quarantine by the immigration authorities. Edward's children were so weak he feared they would be detained and he might never see them again, so he told them to "walk up smart", and they got by. He arrived at his father's farm on the fourth Concession and his father sent a wagon to Whitby to bring the children and belongings which included attractive chinaware, a few brass and pewter vessels, a fine red Welsh riding habit and the works of a grandfather's clock which were packed in a very heavy English oak chest. He soon located a home for himself at Lot 12, Conc. 9, Pickering Township, and later built a fine stonehouse. His children were sent to school and were taken for their religious instruction to Claremont Baptist Church where for years he acted as deacon. His last few years were spent at the home of his daughter Jane (Mrs. Wm. Edwards) of Balsam. His other children were Sarah (Mrs. Robert Ward) of Claremont, David and Edward. Their families all married and moved away from Claremont. Illustrations: David Pugh Sr. 1812-1904 & William H. Pugh 1877-1951 David, another son of Hugh Sr., came to Canada in 1846 and he and his family settled on Lot 10, Conc. 9, Pickering. Their family were: David, who married Margaret Morgan; Thomas, who married Sarah Ward; Elizabeth (Mrs. Thomas Leaper), and Sarah (Mrs. Percy). Thomas and Sarah lived at Cedar Creek and they were the parents of four children of which only one, Minnie (Mrs. William G. Scott) remained around Claremont. Later, William G. Scott became the Reeve of Pickering Township and in 1920 became the Warden of Ontario County. Edward, another son of David, married Jane Edwards and they lived at Lot 18, Conc. 7, Pickering. They had five children — Elizabeth (Mrs. Henry Wideman) of Altona, Levi, Fred (who married Alice Pilkey) of the eighth Concession and later of Claremont, David, who married Margaret Morgan and operated a creamery at Lakefield and one at Kinmount, then purchased a farm on Lot 10, Conc. 9, and lived in Claremont, and Edward, who married Jennie Morgan and lived on Lot 18, Conc. 7, now owned by Mrs. Reginald Brophy. David Pugh Jr. and Margaret (Morgan) lived at Lot 9, Cone. 8, Pickering, and they had four children: Sarah (Mrs. Wm. Waddell) of Lot 11, Conc. 9; William, who married Eva Gregg and lived on Lot 9, Cone. 8, Pickering — his son, Hugh (who married Muriel Jones) now occupies the old homestead; Mary, who lived with her brother William, and Morgan, who married Elizabeth Harper and lived one mile east of Claremont on the ninth Concession. Morgan and Elizabeth had three daughters: Margaret (Mrs. John Willison), Mildred (Mrs. Wallace McMillan), and Alma (Mrs. Elmer Wilson). They were very active members of Claremont Baptist Church. Illustration : Mrs. Morgan Pugh Stephen Pugh, another son of Hugh Pugh Sr., married Elizabeth Lore and lived in Uxbridge Township. His daughter Margaret was Mrs. Charles Middleton. Price Pugh, son of Hugh Pugh Sr., married Mary Williams and in later years settled on Lot 24, Conc. 9, Pickering. They had two children, William and Elizabeth. William married Emma Morrow and lived at Claremont—Elizabeth lived on the homestead. Mary Edith, daughter of William, married James Taylor and they had four daughters: Evelyn (Mrs. Harold Redshaw), Edna (Mrs. William "Bud" Norton), Jean (Mrs. D. Arksey) and Shirley (Mrs. Clarence Beelby). Sarah Pugh, daughter of Hugh Pugh Sr., married James Evans and settled one mile east of Claremont, Lot 9, Conc. 8, Pickering. They had ten children: William (married Melissa Morgan) lived at Claremont, James (died in infancy), James (married Rachel Morgan) lived on his father's farm, Thomas (died at an early age), Elizabeth (Mrs. Richard Ward) of Balsam, Jennie (at home), John (married Hannah Breuls) east of Claremont, Josiah (married Alice Seebeck) east of Claremont, Edwin (married Miller Gerow) of Whitby, and Sarah (married Duncan Morgan) in Uxbridge Township. Josiah, another son of Hugh Sr., settled at Whitevale and married Jane Morgan. They had nine children but only one, Emmaline (Mrs. William R. Hill), remained around Claremont. Elizabeth, daughter of Hugh Pugh Sr., married James White and they settled on Lot 27, Conc. 5, Pickering. Their grandson, Winton, married Lila Barclay and settled west of Claremont and later at Balsam. Thomas married Ann Evans and they settled on the fourth Concession of Pickering. They had nine children but none of them remained in the area. Hugh Jr. married Hannah Smith and he farmed and blacksmithed on the sixth Concession of Uxbridge. Of their nine children, Elizabeth lived at Glen Major, Hugh (married Miss Middleton) at Claremont, Hannah (Mrs. Chris Wideman) at Mongolia, Sarah, Mary, Thomas (married Siverena Lawrence) at Glen Major, William, Robert, and Adelaide. Mary, another daughter of Hugh Sr., married Robert Chapman and settled in Pickering, in the southern part of the township. They had six children of which only John, who married Harriet Linton, settled in this area. Descendants of both the Evans and the Pugh families are found in large numbers in this area. Around the turn of the century, two-thirds of those who patronized the local smithy were of this connection. Within a day's travel were hundreds of those same names or their relations in the Morgans, the Jones', the Wards and others. Many of them were very successful farmers and in this area to-day are farms owned and operated by their descendants. In 1935 a Pugh-Evans Association was formed as a means of getting the Illustration - Pugh-Evans Reunion descendants of Hugh Pugh Sr. better acquainted. They decided to hold a reunion in the form of a picnic annually. The first reunion was held at Whitevale, July 10, 1935, with an attendance of over three hundred people. The first officers of the organization were: Pres. — Hugh Pugh, Whitevale; Vice-Pres. — Harris Evans, Toronto; Secty. — Fred Evans, Claremont. These men, along with Meredith Pugh, Milverton; J.H.L. Morgan, Toronto; W.J. Bagshaw, Sunderland; Webster Fawns, Udora; William Wright, Udney; George Pugh, Whitevale; Evans Ward and W.H. Pugh, Claremont; and Dr. J.D. Bagshaw, Toronto, were appointed to complete the organization. In the past few years these reunions have been held in Claremont Memorial Park where many of this same connection gather to renew their family ties. THE WARDS The Ward family has also been a very prominent part of the history of this area. Richard Ward, born December 13, 1798, was a native of Yorkshire, England. Together with his wife, Jane White born May 22, 1815, and four children, came to Yonge Street, Toronto, in 1837. On December 22, 1842, John Simcoe Macauley and his wife, Ann Gee Macauley of the city of Toronto in the Home District and Province of Canada deeded 100 acres to Robert Agur of the Township of Pickering for the sum of 150 pounds. On March 27, 1854, Robert Agur and his wife Sarah, deeded the same 100 acres to Richard Ward. On this occasion Sarah Agur made her mark (X) and Richard Ward made his mark (X). The witnesses were Thomas Day, a neighbour across the road, and Joseph Ward. The price was 1,000 pounds. This farm was known as the "Ward Homestead" and Richard Ward had nine children: Joseph married Elizabeth Way and they had nine children: James, William, Mary Jane (Dr. N.F. Tomlinson's grandmother), Phoebe Ann, Benjamin Way, Edwin, Richard, Franklin, Josephine and Ella Bertha. Mary married George Burgess and they had nine children: William, Margaret Hannah, Sarah Ann, Mary Matilda, Rachel, Joseph, George, Elizabeth and Alice. Ann married Thomas Appleby and had two children, Thomas and Jennie.James married and had four children: Myra, Estelle, Anna and Evelyn. They all lived in California. Robert married Sarah Pugh and had one child, Alice Elizabeth (Mrs. Henry White). Robert operated the foundry in Claremont for several years. Richard Ward Jr. married Elizabeth Evans and later Elizabeth Mussel-man and had twelve children: Sarah Minetta, Sophie Jane, Mary Maud, James Judson, Florence Anne, Richard Walter, William Edgar, Joseph Evans, Della May, Fred Josephus, Alice Etta, and Robert Roy. Richard Ward Jr. gave one the impression of being essential to the general make-up of this community. He was a man of strong conviction, dogged in his opinion, demonstrating the characteristics of the early pioneer. In religious persuasion he was a Baptist and for many years a Deacon in the local Illustration - The wards Roy Fred, Evans, William, Walter and Judson with their Father church. In 1919 he retired from active farming and settled in Claremont. He was a proud father of a large family, all of whom settled close to home. He passed away in his ninety-first year. William married Elizabeth Hikkinbottom and lived around Uxbridge and had two children, Richard and Elizabeth. Jane married Thomas Hortop and had ten children: Ida Matilda, James, Sarah, Jennie, Sophie, Henry, two children that died in infancy, Alma Ann and Lula. They all lived around Uxbridge. Sarah married Samuel Jones and they had six children: M. Delbert, Edward Keith, Grant Hortop, Alma Jane, Gladys Louella, and Muriel Isobel. They lived on Lot 7, Conc. 8, where Frank McAvoy now resides. On December 7, 1872, Richard Ward sold ninety-nine acres to his son William for $7,000. The other acre had been sold previously to James Mackie and Ira Palmer, apparently the site of Balsam Store and the Temperance Hall. Again Richard Ward made his mark (X) as well as his wife Jane. The deed was drawn up by William H. Michell of Claremont and witnessed by William Spencer, a wagonmaker in Claremont. On December 7, 1877, William Ward sold a lot east of the house now occupied by Mrs. Lewis Jones, to George Hikkinbottom. Thomas Day and George Ellis were trustees of the Primitive Methodist Connection and they bought the property for $100. A church was built but no trace of it remains now. On January 6, 1899, the trustees were George Burgess, Charles Illustration: The Wards - Fifty Years Later (without their Father) AIllustration: Ward Reunion –1890 Middleton and William Linton, and they sold it back to William Ward for $25. His son, Richard, operated a machine shop in Uxbridge and was one of the early manufacturers of gasoline engines and steel lawn rollers. Later he operated a machine shop in Stouffville and for years operated the electric lighting plant before there was hydro. William was one of the foremen during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The original buildings of the Ward Homestead were near the east side of the farm. Later, they were in the field south of the present house. After the moving of the barns to the present site by James Madill of Claremont, William used to tell that he treated the carpenters. They left in a light wagon with James Madill (known as "Singer Jim" to the irreverent) hanging on to the horse's tail singing "Nearer My God to Thee". On October 14, 1919, the old Ward Homestead, or a least 98¼ acres of it was sold to Victor Jamieson for $6,750 and Mr. Ward moved to Uxbridge to retire. The following is an account of the Ward Reunion in the possession of Dr. Tomlinson. THE WARD REUNION — 1890— CLAREMONT — TUESDAY 28th. "A very happy and pleasant party met at the house of Mrs. Ward Sr. on Tuesday 28th, when all her descendants who could were there. A fine gathering it was; generation after generation pouring in to shake hands and kiss grandma; among the whole number not one lacking in common sense; or mentally or physically disabled from taking their places in the world's great battle. Plenty of rosy cheeked lasses and not an old maid or bachelor in the whole of her posterity. The Pughs ran away with the last generation, and Joneses are in close pursuit after this, and three of them have secured their prizes. Such a supper as they had; the victuals were so rich that they melted in their mouth, and they could dispense with mastication, but it took the stomach of a Ward to digest it. They know how it is done. There is nothing like being educated up to proper discharge of both your duties and your privileges.Grandmother Ward has 100 blood relations, 68 of whom were present. Joseph Ward bringing his 9 children and his grandchildren, Mr. Geo. Burgess 17 children and grandchildren, Mr. Richard Ward 13 children and others in proportion. There were 5 of the plumpest, sweetest babies ever kissed by 67 other relatives in one day, but the fun began when every mother had to collect her quota for the group picture. The fathers contending the children would look best and take the most natural with their faces smeared a little, the mothers struggling with damp table napkins to polish them up. We watched with what little breath we had, all engrossed, our arms folded, taking in the scene when we overheard a bright young girl call attention to our attitude. "Look at Mrs. Solomon Smith looking on." We watched the fun as they were leaving, mothers hunting for babies, hats and bonnets and recovering children from one and another, three testing the power of their lungs, grown folks hunting each other, husbands struggling to get hold of the same woman they brought and the whole line going up to kiss Grandmother goodbye and whispering kindly wishes that she would be no worse on the morrow. Mr. Walker, of Toronto, was the artist; one negative was taken with the children to the fourth generation. . . Mrs. Ward has been a widow since the year '81; her husband, Richard Ward, of Balsam, whose remains are interred in Bethel, came to this country in 1837 — the year of the rebellion — from Yorkshire, England, and raised a large family who are mostly settled in Pickering, Whitby and Reach;. . . . She was married over fifty years and it is interesting to hear her tell of the trials of the early settlers. She is now in her 86th year and has the infirmity and weakness of age to contend with, but retains her pleasant smile, rosy cheeks and young heart, and is as interested in all the work of the Methodist Church both financial and spiritual, as if her shoulders were still under the burden. After the photographs were taken the company sang "God be with you till we meet again", and tears dimmed many an eye as they realized that they probably met as a family for the last time. ..." CHAPTER 6 Agriculture They cleared the land and built their homes And year by year their farms improved, Their faith was strong; they proudly toiled This land they dearly loved. They stayed and faced great hardships Their hearts were brave and stout, And the vision they had kindled Never wavered nor went out. And as we travel along the roads And view these farms so rare, May we thank God for our glorious past And our ancestors toil and care. Ruth Mitchell, formerly of Claremont, Ont. Pickering has always been known as one of the best farming regions in Ontario. Early settlers had laid down the sword for the implements of a peaceful industry. They had decided to make their fortunes in the Canadian Wilds, where the land seemed the richest and the location most favourable. The pioneer farmers were a hardy lot — they had to face and conquer conditions not met to- day. In 1816, they experienced a never-to-be forgotten period of Canadian history. It was termed the "Summerless Year". Spring came as usual with ideal weather for planting crops, and prospects, in general, looked very good but they didn't last. In June, it began to snow and from then until the spring of 1817 the ground remained covered with it. There were no crops and the vegetables rotted in the ground. The only edible things were fish and game — deer, bear, rabbit, coon — anything 43 they could catch. Many cattle were slaughtered to prevent them from starving to death. Then, in 1833, the country was plagued with army worms. Millions of them covered the ground and the buildings upon it. The grain and vegetables were stripped of their foliage and the trees were left bare. Upper Canada was plagued with frogs at the same time and the weather became so hot that they died and rotted by the thousands. Cholera developed among the settlers and hundreds died. The forest seemed to be another enemy of the early settlers and they didn't rest until all the trees in the clearing were cut down — not even leaving enough to landscape their homes. It took years to clear enough land to sow their grain and sometimes they even planted oats, corn, turnips or potatoes between the stumps hoping they would grow to maturity. Joseph Gould 1 has written that "The Penna. people, coming into Canada, had been in the habit of grubbing their land with a mattock. This implement had an axe and a hoe at one end. They would cut the underbrush down and pile it in small heaps; then they would cut down the oak and other large trees. They next cut the bodies of the trees into logs, took the tops and chopped them up fine and piled them in separate heaps. Next they set fire to the brush and burned up the heaps. In this way it would take a good hand from eight to ten days to chop an acre. Then it would take five men and a yoke of oxen a day to clear up from one half to an acre, logging; and it would take a man a day or two to pick up the chunks of wood and do the burning of the logs." The land was extremely fertile having been covered with forest that made its own mulch. The settlers merely hoed a row in the field and planted the seed. The farm implements were the simplest — hoes to break the ground, scythes to cut the grain and flails to thresh it. Most of these early settlers began farming with a couple of cows, calves, maybe two or three pigs and a couple of hens and ducks. There were few horses and sometimes when the settlers made a clearing they would use either oxen or pull the implement themselves and grind the grain in "hand-mills" — the plough came later as the land became less fertile. There were no luxuries on the farm then so life was an unending round of labour. While the men worked in the fields the women cooked, spun, knitted and did the countless jobs that were necessary for the family to survive. After completing the building of their house and barn, the wood was used either for fuel or for selling as lumber which was about the only means they \ had of making a little money to buy the few things they could neither make nor do without. The mother of the pioneer family was the central figure in the home, teaching her children not to shirk their duties. She had learned at an early age that nothing in life comes easy, that one must fight even for happiness. 1 Life and Times of Joseph Gould, by W.H. Higgins Most mothers had little respect for girls "who sat and waited for some man to take care of them." Above all else, the pioneer mother promoted Godliness in her children — then industry and education. These were far more important than wealth, social position, dress or accomplishments, in her estimation. Labor was a "moral tonic" and this was her way to keep her children from doing anything that she considered evil. Drawn against the fascinating life of the land they had left behind, when the English, especially, were living very extravagantly, these women experienced "down-to-earth" living. MILLS It was a very important thing for a settler to buy land in the vicinity of a saw or grist mill. Mill dams became so numerous that the settlers were well supplied with lumber and coarse whole wheat flour. The arrival of a settler with sufficient capital to erect a mill, put the village on its feet. First came the saw mill to make lumber for their buildings. If it survived fire and flood, other factories and stores were added to supply the district with the essentials of everyday living. By 1850, there were a few saw mills around Claremont. Then during the 1860's there was a sudden expansion of mills and this continued for three or four decades. Year after year the destruction of forests rose and in this district alone there were many saw mills being used. The need for lumber in building homes, barns and places of business provided a market that seemed endless. Mr. Daniel Forsyth operated a shingle factory in Claremont, where machines turned out these thin boards with a speed far exceeding that of manual labour. The first saw mill in this district was on the west side of the Brock Road, south of the Village of Claremont. It was operated by John Barry and thousands of feet of lumber were cut and disposed of every year from this mill. Mr. Barry moved to North Claremont and the mill was later taken over by Mr. Dan Forsyth, who was John's son-in-law and he continued in business for several years. Long before this community was known as Claremont, Joshua Wixson owned and operated a grist-mill one mile east of the village. The next known mill was that built by John C. Michell in the forties, on Lot 18, Conc. 8, on the creek half a mile south of the village. Then John Hamilton erected a mill on the west side of Lot 20, Conc. 8, which was operated by James Russell until February, 1870. Then it was destroyed by fire. A flour and oatmeal mill on the north side of Conc. 9, west of the village was doing a heavy and profitable business in 1882. Pickering News, October 20, 1882 — quote "The Claremont Mills — Mr. Charles Russell, the enterprising proprietor, is now operating the mills both night and day, both for gristing and merchant work. The Russell Oat Meal, as his brand is known by satisfied customers, has a very wide sale — nearly every family in the country we might say is now using this nutritious article. Mr. Russell has in addition to these mills secured the Evansville mills, about 2 ½ miles east. . . ." Pickering News, January 9, 1885 quote "On Saturday evening a most destructive fire occurred here. Shortly before nine o'clock the Claremont Mills, owned by our respected citizen, Mr. Chas. Russell, were discovered to be on fire, and in a short time the whole structure was a complete prey to the elements . . . .Over $8,000 worth of property has been swept away. A new engine had lately been added. . . .and other improvements made amounting to $3,500. . . .The importance of this industry to Claremont will be recognized when it is stated that the yearly output of this and the Evansville mills amounted to $10,000. ..." In February 1886, the oat mill property was sold to Mr. S. Palmer. In the late 1830's Samuel Boyer came from Pennsylvania and settled on Lot 12, Conc. 7, Pickering, where he built a flour and grist mill and also a saw mill. The grist mill stood until the 1960's, long after the flour mill had gone. Samuel's son, Abraham, carried on the business after the death of his father and later became a Pickering Township Councillor. One day as he was working in the mill, his coat caught on the pulley shaft — he was thrown against a beam and instantly killed. Then in 1905, Thomas Bayles took over the mill and in 1907, he too, was accidently killed. His two sons, John and Walter, carried on for a while, then Walter left and bought a farm south of Brougham. John continued until 1929, when a flood washed out the dam. During this period he ground an average of one hundred and twenty bags of grain per day and charged five cents per bag. Thomas Gibbons came to Claremont in 1858, married Elizabeth Savage and operated a flour and feed business for twenty-six years; John Forfar managed a planing mill in the fifties and sixties, until it was destroyed by fire; William Burk came from Markham to Pickering in 1859, settled on Lots 30 and 31, Conc. 7, and built a saw mill on the stream running through his property. His daughter, Ida, married Oliver H. Pugh and they remained on the old homestead. Daniel Lehman also operated a saw mill on his farm, Lot 25, Conc. 8, until his death in 1867. In 1824, Michael Nighswander arrived in Markham with his family but his father died when Michael was still a young boy. The family became scattered and Michael went to live with Christian Barkey, of Markham. He lived there until he married Susannah Barkey in 1838, and moved to Lot 34, Conc. 7, Pickering. In 1845, he erected a saw mill on the farm where he did a flourishing business for forty-five years. A woollen mill was on Lot 31, Conc. 9, and bags of wool still remain in the upper loft and the old boiler, once used to heat the building, is still there along with the turbine used to pump water. In 1901, it was transformed into a cider mill and the cider press was brought from the Vinegar Works in Stouffville. Down through the years, the cider mill, owned and operated by Peter Nighswan- der, did a thriving business making cider, vinegar and "Dutch" applesauce (this later became known as apple-butter). The cider mill has been a community landmark for over one hundred and twenty-five years. Michael and Susannah had ten children. Those who settled in this area were: Christian, who married Mary Williamson and lived on Lot 35, Conc. 7; Michael and Tilman, the latter of whom married Mary Lehman and lived on the old homestead; and Susannah (Mrs. Jacob Hoover) who lived on Lot 34. Conc. 8, Pickering. A carding mill operated by David Boyer, was situated between Lots 12 and 13, Conc. 7, just west of the sideroad, near Claremont Creek. His father, Benjamin, and Samuel (owner of the flour and grist mill) were brothers. This carding mill served the community for many years — settlers who had wool to be made into yarn would take it to Boyer's mill. Here they would have it made into blankets, underwear, men's shirts, etc. This mill was sold to Cornelius Wilson, great-grandfather of Wilson Woodside, the well-known news commentator. In Claremont, Graham MacDonald was in the weaving business and settlers came from near and far to have their yarn made into cloth. Adam Spears, a native of Scotland, settled on Lot 29, Conc. 7, in the forties, and he built and operated a saw mill on the stream running through his farm. Large quantities of lumber were teamed from here to Frenchman's Bay. The mill continued in operation until around 1890, under the supervision of his son, James. Later, farmers had saw mills of their own, one of which was on the farm owned and operated by Morgan Evans, Lot 14, Conc. 8. Near the C.P.R. station, a feed mill was operated in turn by T.E. Pugh, Tobias Caster, John Gregg and Thomas Condy, where for many years the farmers in the area took their grain to be sold. Then, Walter Symes operated it for a while and finally Joseph Farr purchased the business. In the earlier years, it seemed that wherever a mill was built, a number of houses would soon appear and a little settlement would be formed. Such was the case of "Evansville" or "Slab Town". Many of the residents have probably never heard of it but the mention of Slab Town to an old-timer immediately gets reaction. Apparently, this was a small settlement around the "Old Red Mill", which was built and operated by Tom Pugh and situated on Conc. 9, near Sideline 8. The Red Mill was three storeys high and approximately thirty-six feet wide and forty feet long. Later it was moved to Greenwood and formed an ell to the main mill owned by Samuel Green. The new addition had been built of timber and frame construction with clapboard siding and was originally painted red. There was also a saw mill on the north side of the ninth Concession (almost opposite the Red Mill) operated by Robert (Bob) Day and his son, Dick. Several houses were built there; older residents say that wherever Illustration: Claremont Co-Op Trip to Toronto Elevators -March 25, 1954 there is an old lilac bush still standing, a house was most likely to have been built there. Cedar Creek school was originally in this area, and in the winter of 1880, there were seventy-five children attending this school. The saw mill did a thriving business for many years. CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE It was back in April, 1948, that Joseph (Joe) Farr, owner of the feed mill and store in North Claremont, let it be known that he wished to sell his business. He threw out suggestions to some of his patrons that they form a Co-operative and buy his business. The United Co-Operatives of Ontario was invited to send out a Fieldman for further information. As a result the Hall at Brougham was rented and a meeting advertised for all interested in forming a Co-Op. At the first meeting held on May 31, a fair number attended and it was decided to apply for a Charter. Most of those present paid in five dollars which would give them a membership. More than enough was collected to pay for a Charter and a Provisional Board of Directors was formed. A busy time followed canvassing for members and for loans. Five dollars gave a life membership, while four per cent interest was paid on loans. There were many meetings held in the homes of the Directors to review progress and to draw up by-laws, as there were no standard by-laws for Co-Ops at that time. A lawyer was engaged, the titles searched, the property surveyed, stock taken, and agreements made with Mr. Farr as to the price of the property and stock. On July 23rd a meeting was held in the hall at Claremont for the 152 members who had paid the membership. They received the Charter and accepted the by-laws then drawn up. A regular Board of Directors was elected and Milton Pegg became the first President and Ralph Faulkner the first Secretary-Treasurer. By October there were 200 members and $20,000 had been received as loans. The total price agreed upon was $60,000 which was the highest price ever assumed as an obligation by a Co-Op up to that time, in Ontario. Mr. Farr agreed to accept $20,000 as a down payment and let the Co-Op take over on November 1, 1948. Mr. Farr was paid in full in November 1957. The story of Claremont Co-Op during the next decade and a half was one of continuous change and improvement. The first change was from Diesel to Electric power in 1950, when an electric grinder with thirty h.p. motors, each driving a plate in opposite directions, was installed. In 1953 a larger and better feed mixer was installed and in 1956 the store was enlarged and improved. A larger and better oat roller was installed with necessary power, shafting, and bins. In 1957 a new storage building was added to the west end of the mill and a large overhanging roof was built to protect loading and unloading operations. In 1959 the petroleum business began and large storage tanks were installed. The biggest achievement however was the building of the new store in 1961 and 1962, with ample room for showing goods as well as storage, office, and washrooms. It was a far cry indeed from the time the first Directors met in the old store, sitting on nail kegs or bags of feed around a stove under a dim light. Nor would the Directors (now Councillors) be required to sign a bond to establish credit at the bank making them "each and severally" responsible to the extent of $10,000. The record of Claremont Co-Op was one of steady improvement. The sales volume rose from $70,000 in 1949 to over half a million in 1967. Since then it has risen to $611,847 in 1971. Many changes have taken place over the years. The coal business, large at first, gradually disappeared and the oil took its place. The grinding and feed business slowly declined but the hardware and general merchandise increased. The growing of grain has largely disappeared but the growing of corn has greatly increased. In 1970, grain and corn drying equipment was installed capable of drying eighty-five bushels per hour and the storage capacity was increased by 10,000 bushels. The building of many new homes in the area created a greater demand for building supplies, appliances, garden supplies, etc. In 1971, at a membership meeting, it was decided to merge with the United Co-Operatives of Ontario, who then supplied management and hired the personnel. By merging, the local Co-Op has all the power and prestige of the large province-wide organization behind it. Illustration: Jack Ashenhurst Threshing at the McFarlane Farm Lot 20, Conc. 9. PIONEER LIFE ON THE FARM By 1848 there were 31,252 acres of land in Pickering Township under cultivation and by 1851, over fifty percent of the Township had been cleared. The Waddells, the Wards, the Jones Brothers, Samuel and Joseph, and the Pilkeys, Charles and Archibald, with their large families, had settled by this time and left their descendants large comfortable homes in the rural area around Claremont. The isolation of settlers and scarcity of money, however, meant that many people, if they wished to survive, were forced into fending for themselves. Many of the ladies made preserves out of the different kinds of berries that were growing wild. Chokecherries and elderberries made delicious pies; strawberries and blackberries made equally delicious fruit for desserts. Oranges and lemons were occasionally seen but bananas, figs and grapefruit were almost unknown. The staple foods were wheaten bread, pork and potatoes — turnips were given to sheep. Canned goods were unknown, as were boxed breakfast foods. Tomatoes were believed to cause cancer at that time, so they were not extensively eaten — they were known as love-apples. The development of improved methods in agriculture in the 1850's was very slow. Early settlers used a cradle for cutting the grain in the field and a flail to separate the grain from the straw. The earliest threshing machines were small and were without band-cutters (this had to be done by hand). They were also without blowers — just rakers that carried the straw back about twenty feet and from there it was raked by hand and the grain carried into the granary in bushel baskets. Later, elevators handled the grain. These were drawn by horse power and many a time the horses would run away and the wagon would be smashed to pieces. At first, threshing was done in the barn. One thresher might have as many as one hundred farms to call on, sometimes arriving as late as January of the following year. Because of the cold and the dust, the men would invariably be sick with "threshing-fever" — a sickness involving severe shivering. John Norton, a great-uncle of Lawrence who lives in the village, was one of the earliest threshers and he handled a very large area. Later, grain was threshed from the field and one thresher could handle as many as ten or twelve farms. The thresher arrived with the machine the night before and was up before dawn, checking and rechecking to make sure that nothing went wrong once things got under way. Evans Ward and "Bob" Day, were two of the early threshers who handled the farms east of Claremont. Other helpers, who were neighbours, arrived at seven o'clock in the morning and worked until six at night and needless to say they required three good meals each day. A tub of water was placed on a bench in the yard for them to wash so that no time was lost before meals. The ladies worked for days baking and cooking. Pies, cakes, early August apple sauce, tarts, tea-biscuits (hot from the oven), hot roast beef, etc. were devoured in a few minutes by as many as eighteen or twenty very hungry men. Usually the grain bins and the men's stomachs were full so everyone was happy. Silo filling in the fall of the year, was handled the same way. Every farmer had his own meat. In the spring they slaughtered a pig and either dry-salted it or covered it with a brine. Then, later in the year, a beef was killed and hung where it would remain frozen all winter. They made sausage, rendered lard, and made their own headcheese. Later slaughter houses were built. One was located on Lot 12, Conc. 8, and operated by Tom Stanbury, another on the seventh Concession and another at Forsyths. Twenty farmers had shares in a beef-ring, which operated for twenty weeks every summer, starting the first week of June. A full share was twenty pounds and each animal weighed at least four hundred pounds, dressed weight. The different cuts were rotated, so that each member would receive a different cut every week. Mr. Stanbury, the butcher, would arrive the night before, slaughter the beef and dress it, then return the next morning and cut it into the proper proportions for each share. These beef-rings were in operation from the late 1890's until the 1940's, and they proved to be a great success. Most families had no trouble disposing of their portion. Then, the Locker System operated by Grant Taylor and Frank Loyst came into being. It was located at the north of Claremont and most farmers took their meat there to be frozen and stored. In 1959, Norman and Levi Fretz erected a building on the ninth Concession where they butchered, then cut and wrapped the different cuts. Now, electric freezers are owned by most farmers and keeping meat is no longer a problem. Illustration: Barn Raising, 1902, Lot 25, Conc. 8, Pickering -Farm of David Gregg Barn raisings were also a big event. Everyone in the neighbourhood helped. Ladies brought pies, cakes, etc. and the men brought their energy plus a generous appetite. Jack Ashenhurst and Morley Symes were among the best when it came to knowing how a barn should be raised and they made sure that it was done properly. Will Birkett and Albert Mantle were the apiarists in Claremont for a number of years and for the use of the land on the Leslie Gauslin farm, Frank Burkholder and Joe Fry, of Markham, would supply them with one hundred pounds of their delicious honey just in time to treat the threshers, who devoured it by the saucerful. In earlier years, the northern section of Pickering Township (now Town of Pickering) was well watered. Duffins Creek, which takes its rise in the hills of Uxbridge, was a considerable stream. Its main stream and upper tributaries swarmed with many fish including trout and salmon, but the erection of saw mills and other industries greatly diminished the supply. It runs through the Claremont Conservation Area and enters Lake Ontario near Squires Beach. Now, except in the early spring, these streams are almost dried up. The year 1857 was marked by a great financial crisis in Canada caused not only by the failure of crops but also by an unusual inflation. Wheat had been selling as high as two dollars per bushel. Farmers had invested in bush farms expecting high prices to continue. In an agricultural country, when the farmer doesn't make ends meet, the result is business stagnation. Men who had money to lend could get as high as 12% interest. Only a few farmers raised enough food for their own cattle, so many animals had to be slaughtered rather than have them starve to death. Great numbers of families lived on potatoes and turnips. The price of farm land was very small compared to the amount vendors receive now, although at that time it must have seemed a great deal of money. On the eighth Concession in 1857, one hundred acres were sold to Archibald Pilkey for one thousand pounds and in 1873 the same land was sold to George Gauslin for $5,500. Now, some of the farmers in the southern part of the Township are receiving that much for one acre of land. By 1869, thousands of immigrants who could not afford to buy Ontario farms, flocked out to Western Canada to make a fresh start. Some farmers left this area to find employment in such places as Toronto or Oshawa. For those who stayed, things finally changed for the better. In the rural area good horses and cattle were developed, farms were rapidly cleared and the settlers were prosperous and hopeful. GRAHAM BROTHERS In the year 1870, Richard Graham settled on Lot 23, Conc. 9, and soon began breeding horses; this later became his profession. The farm, Illustration: Graham Horses "Cairnbrogie", was owned by Jane Ward who had emigrated from Dumfrieshire, Scotland. She was the first person to import a Clydesdale horse into Canada. When she died, she willed the farm to the Graham family. In 1873, Richard imported two beautiful Clydesdales and, in 1875, his reputation as an importer and breeder became well known when he brought over "Royal Exchange". This horse won eighteen first prizes and two championships in the two years that Mr. Graham owned him. The horse was then sold to Mr. Beith of Bowmanville for $3,000. In 1880 he imported another horse "Prince Arthur". This animal stood first and champion twice at Toronto. This was Mr. Graham's last importation. He died the following year. Then his sons, Robert, William and Thomas, who had been in training for years, took over the business. In 1883, they imported fifteen more horses and four years later the famous Clydesdale "MacQueen", then just two years old, was brought over and became known as the "Matchless MacQueen". He stood first in his class at the World's Columbian Exposition, held in Chicago in 1899, and became the best draft horse in the world. From then on, the Graham Brothers kept winning, first at one fair and then another, in Toronto, Chicago and New York. While dealing mainly in Clydesdales, they also showed Hackneys with the same distinguished success. Besides taking a leading place in breeding in Ontario, their trade had included all parts of Canada and the United States. Thomas Graham, father of Miss Mary and Mr. Basil Graham who live on the Pickering-Uxbridge Townline, was for three years President of the Clydesdale Horse Association. In later years, the barn was burned three times and in 1918, the last major fire took place in which several lovely horses were burned. The Grahams were great entertainers. Guests from all over Canada and the United States enjoyed their lavish dinners and overnight hospitality. They also held huge garden parties sponsored by the Presbyterian Church of Claremont. JAMES I. DAVIDSON In October 1842, James I. Davidson came to Canada from Scotland and settled on Lot 1, Conc. 8, (later belonging to J. Spragge). By 1860, he was importing and breeding Shorthorn cattle from the Cruikshank herd of Sittyton. In all, he brought over 185 cattle from this herd. He was also interested in horses. In 1865 he imported a Clydesdale mare and from this horse there were a number of foals that were sold — the lowest price being $1,000 for one yearling. JOHN MILLER John Miller came to Canada in 1835 from Annan, Dumfries, Scotland, living first with his uncle George of Markham, and then moving to the "Atha Farm", Lot 25, Conc. 7. In 1848 he bought the farm known as ' 'Thistle Ha' '' and began breeding Leicester and Cotswold sheep and pure bred swine. Then in 1854 he began importing Shorthorn cattle and Clydesdale horses, and soon became famous. His cattle and horses won many, many prizes and in 1885, he sold a yearling colt for $2,500, the highest Illustration: Building Stone Fence at the Millers (Thistle Ha') price paid up to that time for a Canadian bred Clydesdale. In 1873, John Miller Sr. won a silver trophy for the best bull of any age at Markham Fair. In 1887, the Millers won a silver trophy for their flock of Shropshire sheep, at Toronto. In 1904, when John Miller died, the entire herd of Shorthorn cattle was sold and forty-eight cattle brought an average of $327 and one bull fetched $1,425. Then his sons, John Jr., George, Andrew and Henry started a herd and continued winning championships. In 1908, a heifer from this herd was grand champion at Toronto and was sold in 1909 for $2,500, and in 1910, another grand champion owned by them was sold for $5,000, the highest price ever paid for a Canadian bred bull. W.G. Scott of Claremont, had a good herd of Shorthorn cattle and had been active for some years in the breeding of Clydesdale horses. Richard Ward, of Balsam, was prominent for his success in stock-raising and G.M. Forsyth had considerable success in breeding Shorthorns and Clydesdales having won a grand championship at Ottawa Winter Fair. FAIRS As early as 1830, Pickering had a Township Agricultural Society with its object "to promote Agriculture, Horticulture, Household Arts and the Importation of Fanning Stock". This Society continued for many years conducting ploughing matches and flower shows in addition to many other displays. Some of the Presidents of this Society were: Ebenezer Birrell, T.P. White, James McCreight and Joseph Wixson Jr. In 1854, the Spring Show of the Society was held in Claremont on the 26th day of April when "a very large assembly of interested farmers and mechanics took place." The Township Fair at Brougham, continued to be a popular event for many years — the last one being held in the year 1889. At the 1867 Fair, held in Brougham, James Digby of Claremont won two first prizes for his harness. It was comprised of a set of heavy substantial team harness and breech band, "all nicely ornamented." He had exhibited at fairs for sixteen years and always won first prize. Improvements too numerous to mention were introduced after 1870. Agricultural Colleges were opened up and several from the Claremont area attended. One of the best promoters of better learning in the farming industry however, was the school fair which gave the students a chance for competition in producing grain, vegetables, animals, etc. The school fair in Claremont was held annually from 1924 to 1940, when it was forced to discontinue because of the Second World War. In 1937, the directors decided to cancel it due to an epidemic of infantile paralysis. The fair was a very popular event and in 1926, eight hundred Illustration: Four Preseidents of Markham Fair - The Trans. James Tran -1871, George Tran -1921, David Tran - 1959, Joe Tran – 1968 people attended from nine different school sections. Besides spreading valuable information, it was a source of excellent entertainment. Down through the years, Claremont has played a very important part in Markham Fair which is the largest country fair in Southern Ontario. In 1867 and 1871, James Tran was President; in 1921, his son, George Tran; in 1959, his grandson, David J. Tran; and in 1968, his great- grandson, Joe Tran held this same honour. What a family tradition! In 1973, Ellis Britton, one of the best farmers in Claremont district was awarded this office. He operates a one-man farm that borders on the village of Claremont, and his crops have been rated among the top at the Markham Fair competitions. PLOWING MATCHES In addition to the fairs, there were the annual plowing matches. These were sponsored by the Department of Agriculture and they too, provided new methods in farm education. Down through the years, Claremont has won many prizes in the art of plowing. In 1902, Nelson Wagg of Claremont, headed the list at the King plowing match. The following day he defeated the best plowmen of Markham and Scarboro at Ellesmere, winning as a prize an Ayrshire heifer, given for the best plowed land in the competition. On November 11, of the same year, at Unionville, Ont. he won first prize, defeating the best plowmen of the continent. He was awarded a handsome gold medal, emblematic of the "championship of America" and a cash award of one hundred dollars. Mr. Wagg was also well known as an importer of fine horses. In 1937, he won six championships for his horses at the Canadian National Exhibition and the Royal Winter Fair. The Dunkeld family have been strong competitors in the art of plowing. Back in 1924, Murray Dunkeld and Allan Meyers, both of Claremont, were winners in the Home Plowing Competition conducted by the Ontario Department of Agriculture. G.M. Forsyth was a director of the affair in which only horses were used. Then, in 1954, Murray's son, Donald, won the Eaton Trophy against twenty competitors for Ontario County farmers under twenty-one years of age; in 1959, he won the Esso championship class entitling him to the Imperial Oil Gold Medal and a trip to the East Coast; in 1960, he was the Ontario Champion plowman at the International Plowing Match held at Springfield in Elgin County; in 1963 he won the same honour near Caledon, Ont.; and in 1964, the "Esso Silver Plow", emblematic of the Canadian Plowing Championship. This entitled him to represent Canada at the World Plowing Match in Oslo, Norway, in 1965. Donald has been winning prizes ever since. The Tran name has become synonomous with plowing. Mr. David Tran won no less than five silver tea services, although his efforts were concentrated on horse team entries. In 1914, he and Lloyd Turner (deceased) of Stouffville, plowed in the second International Plowing Match, on the site of the present Sunnybrook Hospital in Toronto and in 1930, he was the high cut champion at the Peterborough International. In 1920, Dave and Lloyd packed two iron plows into the back of their old Chevrolet car and drove to an International Match near Hamilton. They ran into difficulty going up the Hamilton Mountain. "She was sure frothing when we reached the top", Dave said. Soon after, Fordson tractors were a great attraction. Then Joseph Tran, David's son, began competing at the International, and since 1932, has brought home many prizes. Joe was an entrant in the World Match in 1954 and in 1958 he represented Canada in the World Plowing Competition at Stuttgart, Germany. He gained great honour by winning both the Ontario and Canadian Plowing Championships at the International, held at Simcoe, Ont. in 1957. In 1960, he was the Dominion Plowing Champion. Bill and Bob Tran, Joe's sons, have kept the family tradition and in 1972, Bill won the Joseph G. Tran Memorial Trophy, donated in memory of the recipient's father. Mr. Joseph Tran was one of the top plowmen in this area for many years. He died February 15, 1971. OTHER ACTIVITIES From 1880 on, most farmers rose at five o'clock in the morning and worked until dark. The milk business opened up, cheese and butter were marketed and many farmers left before dawn to make the long trip to the St. Lawrence Market in Toronto. In the winter, while the men held their logging bees, the ladies attended quilting bees. They arrived in highly polished buggies, having travelled for miles — anything that would be fun in company and always, of course, accomplish a job that could not be done alone. These "bees" were a great success — both socially and productively. From the first of March until the middle of April, when there was a lull in the regular work itinerary, farmers such as Sam Fretz and Morgan Evans made maple syrup and sometimes, maple sugar. This depended largely on the weather, of course, because if it wasn't a warm sunny day the sap wouldn't run. The men would set out to tap the maple trees and gather wood for the fire. A hugh iron kettle was suspended over the fire and as the pails became full of sap, it was emptied into the kettle. Watching the fire day and night, adding more wood to the fire and more sap to the kettle was the most tiring part of the job. It took approximately forty gallons of sap to make one gallon of syrup. The ladies had their part in it by "sugaring-off' the syrup and placing it in jars. Making maple syrup was quite a task but the results certainly outweighed the trouble and time involved. Later, sugar shacks were built and evaporators installed, eliminating the boiling down process and making the task much easier. Potash, a product of the ashes obtained from burning timber, was used as a bleaching agent and used extensively in the making of soap. Almost every farmer had a vat filled with ashes, through which he poured water to produce lye. "Soft soap" was obtained by adding animal fat to the lye and boiling it for several hours. Candles were made from beef or pork lard but they soon gave way to coal-oil lamps. Although electricity was used in Claremont in 1927, very few farmers in the area had it before 1945. In the late 1800's, Indians were given the right to go into a farmer's bush and set up camp. They could trim the bark off seven trees (preferably black ash), and make baskets which they sold around the village. When the young fry from Claremont bothered them, the Indians smudged the fire and smoked them out. Groups of gypsies also camped on different farms in the area, staying two or three nights. Then on they would go. FARM CLUBS In 1875, the Grange movement had organized a unit in Claremont. This was a secret society of farmers and their wives whose aims were to further the economic as well as the moral interests of its members. Their motto was: "In essentials, Unity; in non-essentials, Liberty; in all things, Charity". 2 The members immediately sought to obtain lower prices from the merchants in Oshawa but this movement didn't last. Economic power was in the hands of jurisdiction that was far beyond the reach of ordinary farmers. Then, on the evening of Friday, January 5, 1917, another group of farmers organized into a union that would demand from the government equal rights with other organizations. They became known as the United Farmers' Organization (U.F.O.). The following were the officers appointed: President — James Underhill; Vice-president — W.C. Ormerod; Secretary- Treasurer — John Scott; Directors — D.M. Morgan, Walter 2 History of the County of Ontario, 1615-1875, by Leo A. Johnson Ward, J. Fleming, W.P. Jones, and Adam Spears. There were sixty-seven members. Through organizations such as this, the farmers had hoped to slow the changes that were destroying their way of life but it was hopeless and the U.F.O. only lasted a short while. Economic power was out of their hands. The Junior Farmers has been a very active organization since it started in 1937. The first meetings were held in Brooklin and John Knox, of Brougham, was the first President. The objectives of the group were to create a deeper and more permanent interest in the agricultural and social life of the district, or to state it more briefly: 1. For Self Help. 2. And Community Betterment. Some of the topics used in programming at that time were harness mending, poultry culling, threshing, etc. These branches of agriculture have become out-dated and now more time is spent on social activities. Because Mount Zion was more central, they decided to hold their meeting in Mount Zion Community Centre. FARM MACHINERY Some of the earlier farm implements were purchased at Ira Powell's (corner of the ninth Concession and William Street), and the tinsmiths were Joshua Bundy, Alex. Dowswell, and later Charles Sargent and Frank Cooper. More and more mechanization was being applied to farming. The binder appeared in the 1880's along with other types of farm machinery. Cream separators, once a fixture in countless farm homes, often provided the sole cash income between field crops. The early 1900's however, saw the rapid development of farm equipment. Farming was beginning to feel the impact of the biggest technological change in history — the shift from animal to mechanical power. In 1913, the binder bound the cut grain into sheaves, a great advancement over the reaper that left bundles to be bound by hand. This machine took the place of four or five men. Steam engines took over most of the heavy work that previously required manual labour or the work of horses. Mechanization created more of an industrial revolution in the last century than atomic power has in this. In 1902, the early McCormick dealers joined with six other companies to form the "International Harvester Company", in which "Charlie" Cooper later held the dealership for this district. Steam power gave way to gasoline traction engines or tractors as they came to be called, and horses were no longer needed. Many farmers were hesitant about trying this "new-fangled" idea but it was clearly pointed out that the tractor only had to be "fed" when it worked. By 1940 the binders had gone with the reapers and the self-propelled combine took over in a new age of fast, efficient harvesting. Between the CREDIT SALE OR FARM STOCK AND IMPLEMENTS HAY, ROOTS, ETC. The undersigned has been instructed by MR. JOSEPH LAW To sell by Public Auction on his premises LOT 27, REAR 8TH CON., PICKERING ON Thursday, Fed. 27 1890. the following valuable property, viz: ... SALE TO COMMENCE AT 1 O'CLOCK P.M. SHARP TERMS:--- Beef, Hay, Turnips, and all sums of $10 and under cash: over that amount 8 months credit will be given to parties furnishing approved joint notes. 7 per cent allowed for cash. Thomas Poucher, Claremont. Fed. 14th Auctioneer two wars, farmers saw drought and depression and a trend to more productive farming methods made it possible for fewer farmers to feed more people. Then came the day of milking machines, power stable cleaners, huge combines and tractors that would dwarf the earlier ones. Farmers now grow mostly corn having built huge silos that tower into the sky. The demand for corn has far out-distanced production. On "Bobbie" Baun's 3 farm, just off the eighth Concession, you can trace the planning it has taken to specialize in corn. A few short years ago, this was an average size farm, growing a variety of grain including corn. To-day, along with more land which he has rented, he grows six to eight hundred acres of corn and feeds five hundred beef cattle. Farmers such as this deserve much credit for pioneering a great and growing industry. Modern Canadian farmers are pioneers too, not necessarily in new lands but in new ideas and techniques. CLAREMONT CONSERVATION AREA A 400-acre conservation area located in North Pickering is known as the Claremont Conservation Area. The land in this area was originally two farms. The first lot settled on was the west half (Lot 12). Samuel Boyer emigrated from Pennsylvania in the late 1830's to settle on this lot. He built the dam which formed the now dry mill pond in the south end of the park. This mill pond supplied the water power to run two mills; a flour mill and a saw mill. A spring flood washed out the dam in 1929 but the flour mill was still standing when the land was purchased by the Conservation Authority in 1960. Lot 11, the east half of the park, was originally settled by an Englishman named William Coultis in 1846. His son sold the farm to an Irishman in 1864. The new owner, William Smith, kept the land for only eleven years but during that time his daughter married Abraham Boyer, the next door neighbour. Mr. Smith sold the property to Arthur Johnston in 1876 who, in turn, sold it to Andrew Pegg in 1910. Mr. Pegg was a prosperous farmer and in 1916 owned the first automobile in that community. He sold the land to the Conservation Authority. Part of the Park Superintendent's house was built by William Coultis. It consists of logs and beams squared with an axe. More visible remains of the past are the snake rail fences, the farm house foundations at the north end, line boundaries to the woodlot and odd pieces of farm machinery. The opening of this Area coincided with the 150th anniversary celebrations of Pickering Township on June 29, 1961. Four streams including Duffin's Creek run through the Area which also embraces some eighty acres of reforested land. 3 Former Maple Leaf hockey player CHAPTER 7 THE 3 R's Education has advanced a long way in the last hundred years or more. It seems hard to believe that at one time the highest ambition of parents was that their children might be able to read and write but it has been reported 1 that in Altona in 1856, out of 286 inhabitants, 30% were unable to do either. Teachers were hired on their moral character rather than on how much they knew and this was more of a problem than one would think, especially with male teachers, who were apt to visit the hotel on their way to or from their place of employment. In those primitive times schools were constructed either of frame or logs. They contained but a single room with separate entrances for boys and girls. The furniture was of the crudest description. Benches instead of desks were used — maps and charts were unknown and the walls were bare. Fireplaces heated the buildings but the warm air soon escaped through the many holes and crevices. In the year 1871, all public schools were made free, trustees were compelled to provide adequate school accommodation and a County Inspector, Mr. McBrien, was appointed. Prior to this period, inspection was conducted chiefly by clergymen appointed by the County Council and the progress in education was largely due to the untiring efforts of men such as Rev. Dr. Thornton, of Oshawa, who visited all the schools in the area. At this time, there were also High Schools at Oshawa and Whitby, where a student could obtain a Public School Teacher's certificate or University entrance certificate. In addition to these schools, there were also the Whitby Ladies' College and the Quaker School at Duffin's Creek, which were private institutions. (Several girls from Claremont had the privilege of attending the school at Whitby.) Education had progressed immensely within the last twenty years and the influence of this learning could not help but mould the character and thoughts of the students attending school. 1 Past Years in Pickering 63 CLAREMONT PUBLIC AND CONTINUATION SCHOOL Education in Claremont had been going on since 1825, but practically nothing was recorded until the early forties, when an old log building was used. This was situated on the north-east corner of the intersection. Apparently, a Mr. Dow taught there, also a Mr. Stokes. Then for a brief period, a building just west of the present school was used, but its real successor was the school erected in the middle forties on the north-east corner of Lot 20, Conc. 8, which was then the Hamilton farm. In 1848, Patrick Sherriff was hired to teach but at a meeting of Trustees held in March of that year, it was resolved that "as the teacher, Mr. P. Sherriff, has not of late conducted himself entirely to the satisfaction of said Trustees — they will not sign the agreement prescribed by the "Book of Forms." Mr. Sherriff denied some of the charges and others, he partially admitted. He likewise stated that unless his salary was regularly paid, quarterly, he would not continue to teach any longer. “On June 9th., 1848, Patrick Sherriff, school teacher, having conducted himself with so much impropriety, especially of late, the Trustees came to the resolution not to continue him any longer. He was in the habitual practice of attending the tavern morning, noon and night and was often seen in a state of inebriation, inasmuch, as he had frequently dismissed the children from school one, two and three days, without asking or obtaining leave and was constantly circulating false statements respecting the Trustees, especially the Secretary."2 He even went so far as to flourish his fists in the Secretary's face, threatening all but instant destruction, although he should have to go to prison for it the next day. "The next day, they went to school in a body at 1/2 past 9 o'clock". On arrival at school, they found no teacher. On enquiry, they found that he had been in school for a few minutes, but he had not called the class roll, nor heard any lessons or tasks. He was gone with his good friend, Noble, to the tavern. The Trustees then declared the school closed until further notice. They then went to the tavern, met with him "nigh the place" and served the note of dismissal. They were threatened with a lawsuit and heavy costs, appearing in July on a charge of alleged arrears of salary. They had the same trouble with William Greig, who succeeded Mr. Sheriff and he was requested "to be more on his guard." At that time, the enrolment was forty-three (twenty-four boys and nineteen girls). All persons between the ages of five and twenty-one were admissible to school, as long as they conducted themselves properly. If the school became overcrowded, those from sixteen to twenty years of age were to be dismissed — those admitted over twenty- one were to pay one-quarter dollar per month. In 1851, the teacher received fifty pounds currency per annum and by 1853, the Trustees were unanimous in having a free school — the money to be raised for the teacher's salary by regular taxation according to valuation of property. Each parent or guardian was to provide one-half cord of 2 Claremont Public School minute book — 1848 Illustration: Claremont Public School - 1895 wood, not to exceed two and one-half feet long, suitable for the stove. In 1851, after having three teachers in three years, the Secretary was instructed to write to the Rev. Mr. Thornton and the Rev. Mr. Waddell, making application for a proper teacher. After this, they advertised in the Globe at a cost of 3s. 4d., and hired Hiram Smith as the next teacher. In June, 1856, the Trustees of S.S. No. 15 agreed to contract Mr. J.C. Michell to build a new school. The cost was two hundred pounds and it was to be built on Lot 36, two blocks west and two blocks north of the "four corners", and the new teacher would be paid twenty-four pounds, sixteen shillings. This contract was carried out and the school was used until 1888, when a three- room brick building was built on the same site as the present school. The Trustees at that time were W. Scott, D. Macnab, and George Cooper and they were greatly criticized for the expense of the unused room but by 1909, Claremont had grown and a Continuation Class was added with Mr. Hicks as the first teacher. Then N.F. Tomlinson and Miss Ferguson took over the new department and Miss E. A. Forgie joined the staff. She was in charge of the senior public school work, having been hired to teach at a salary of $250 per annum. The teachers wore ankle-length skirts with high-necked, white blouses that contained supports at the side to keep the collar in shape, black stockings and high-laced boots. There was a small teacher's cloak room near the classroom, and a black strap found space in the teacher's desk and was used whenever needed. The students lined up in front of the platform to have their slates marked, this being the common way of teaching before there were scribblers. Mrs. Ira Powell and her daughter Laura were hired as caretakers. In earlier years, two of the teachers who made names for themselves were: Alex. Beaton, afterwards Dr. Alex. Beaton of Orillia, and A.T. Sowerby, afterwards Rev. Dr. Sowerby of Toronto. Three local boys also became very well known: Dr. Fred Tracy, formerly a professor at the University of Toronto, Dr. Donald Rawson, a professor at the University of Saskatchewan and Tom Thomson one of the "Group of Seven". Tom lived on the Morgan Evans farm but left Claremont at a very early age. Mr. M.J. Wilker began teaching in Claremont in 1914. He was very fond of music and it was he who instigated the famous school concerts. At that time, the school was laden with talent including Al Harvey, who became a well-known comedian and singer. The conceits became so popular they found it necessary to sell tickets for the "two-night" annual event. Mr. Wilker became Principal of the school and held this position until 1930, when he accepted the position of Science teacher in Long Branch. Mr. Wilker married Margaret Gleeson who was one of his pupils.James Underhill served the community as trustee of the school board for twenty-one years. Often the meetings were held in his home, in the doctor's office or at the school. Illustration: Claremont Public School - Mr. Eddy, Principal Illustration:- Claremont Continuation Class -Front Row: Clifford Pilkey, Perry Slack, Tom Scott, Ellwood Henderson, Clarke Rawson, Second Row: Hilliard Bryan, Magnus Morgan, Harold Dickinson, Bill Scott. Third Row: Mabel Cassie, Jennie Rawson, Mary Barclay, N.F. Tomlinson (Principal), Edith Slack and Kathleen Storry. School fairs were held in a tent at that time, demonstrating new and old techniques in the field of agriculture and domestic science. The schools in this district gathered at Claremont — an event the students actually looked forward to. This school was used until 1925, when it was condemned by the Board of Education and a much larger and more adequate building was erected. Over three hundred were present at the opening of the new five-room $40,000 public and continuation school. The building was one of the best and most modern in the Province of Ontario. James Underhill was Chairman of the School Board at the time. Illustration: M.J. Wilker - Teacher Claremont Continuation Class 1914-30 Commencement exercises were held every February with the following greeting: Let's all be good friends together, That's the spirit that should fill the air. Let's smile in all sorts of weather, Remembering each others griefs to share. We should be thankful to be here. To err is human, to forgive divine. So let's all be good friends together, For when you're dead you're dead a long time. We bring to you our heartiest greetings, Greetings from the good old C.C.C., We hope that our annual meetings Will always a pleasure to you be. We're ready to uphold it ever, To maintain its honour bright and free. With purple and gold our emblem ever, We'll sing our praises to the good old C.C.C. In 1928, a reunion of the students who had attended Claremont Continuation School from 1914- 1928 was held. At the top of the program was this message: May the speeches be short and long between, Then they will talk good God how they will talk. Toasts were made by Al Harvey, and Robert Willison, M.A., and Donald Rawson, M.A. and were responded to by G.M. Forsyth, Warden of Ontario County, James Underhill, Chairman of the School Board and M.J. Wilker, Principal and Teacher. This building continued to operate both as a Public and Continuation School and students wishing to further their education were required to travel by car to either Markham or Whitby High Schools. In 1951, a Township High School was opened in the Village of Pickering. It had sixteen rooms and an enrolment of 416 students. Seven rooms were added in 1952, two more in 1962, and in 1966 thirty-four more, making a total of fifty-nine rooms and a student capacity of 1,370. Claremont students were bussed to this school. Some of the teachers who taught at Claremont in later years were: Miss Mackie, Mr. D. Catherwood, Mrs. Laushway, Miss Lois Linton, Mr. A.C. Prouse, Mrs. Robert Jackson and Miss Hosie. In 1956, James Bris- Illustration: Continuation Class (Claremont) -1930-1931. Principal -Herbert Caskey coe retired after being caretaker of Claremont Public School for thirty-two years and Charles Redshaw took over the maintenance of it. Two teachers of Claremont Public School who devoted many years to this profession were Miss Annie Spoffard (now Mrs. Harry Porter) and Miss Delia Johnston (now Mrs. Moore). Mrs. Porter served twenty-three years as teacher at Claremont. Following that, she was local librarian for thirteen years, retiring in 1971. She has always been keenly interested in community affairs. In June, 1971, Mrs. Moore retired and a reception was held in her honour. She was a popular and efficient teacher, and had contributed unsparingly for twenty-one years to the school and its activities. In 1967 she was awarded a Centennial Medal. Illustration: Mrs. Delia Moore - Claremont Public School Principal Claremont School steadily gained recognition in sports, music, academics and public speaking and won many awards and prizes for its talents. With more activities and greater attendance it was necessary to enlarge the building and on November 23, 1972, the official opening of the new addition was held. Mr. Alban Ward, Principal, with his staff of fifteen very efficient teachers, continue to promote better learning throughout the school. MOUNT ZION SCHOOL The first school was built on Lot 9, Conc. 7, Pickering Township, one half mile west of the present one. This building was about thirty by fifty feet in size, a frame structure, unpainted, banked with dirt and surrounded by woods. It cost $1,500. The furniture consisted of a teacher's desk and chair, benches of rough boards and a box stove — also some large move- able blackboards and a few maps. This was the description of the school erected in 1852. Up to this time, the children of the neighbourhood had attended school near Salem, where, among others, Joseph Gillespie and George Gamble were teachers. Then in 1875, the trustees bought a piece of land from John C. Jones, about three quarters of an acre for $120. This land was the south-east corner of Lot 7, Conc. 7. The school was completed in 1876. It was a large brick building, having two entrances to the east with a "bell room" or teacher's room between. The average salary paid to a teacher at this time was about $200 and this often included caretaking. The teacher's salary kept increasing, and by 1930, had reached $1,000 per year. The school was closed in 1965 and the students travelled by bus to Greenwood. Among the teachers down through the years were: Patrick Sherriff, Miss Cora McAvoy (Mrs. W.J. Gregg), Miss Jennie Jones, Miss Hambly (Mrs. A. McAvoy), Mrs. Mary (MacKinnon) Ward, Mrs. Eileen (Sadler) Slute, Mrs. Jane (Tiffin) Carson, and Mrs. Irene (Harper) Jones. ATHA SCHOOL Education dates back to 1841 in School Section No. 16, at Atha. A plank schoolhouse was built on the south-west corner of Lot 32, Conc. 8, which had been owned by Mr. Nathan Bentley. This was a very fine school at that time. "A desk faced the wall nearly all around the room, at which, the pupils sat on backless benches. The smaller children were accommodated without desks, on benches which encircled the big box stove." 3 Some of the teachers then were: Patrick Sherriff (who had taught earlier at Claremont), John Hand, John McEwen, Louisa Starr and Charity Woodruff. In 1863, the site for a new school was purchased from Mr. George Harrison for two pounds ($10). The school was erected in 1864 and was 3 Past Years in Pickering Illustration: Atha School - 1911 - Back Row: Reva Nighswander, Bessie Mowder, Harrison Spears, Teacher -Libby Bowers, Jim McCormick, Joe Mowder, Mabel Nighswander, Olive Hisey, Sadie Lapp. Centre Row: Jessie McCormack, Vera Dunkeld, Alma Nighswander, Myrtle Rutledge, Ida Mowder, Fred Mowder, Ernest Bielby, Fred Bielby, Willis McNair, Reta Lehman. Bottom Row: Murray Dunkeld, Olive Rutledge, Irene Smith, Elva Smith, lva Nighswander, Isla Nighswander, Walter Carter and Arthur Lehman. opened January 1, 1865. This same building continued to serve the school section from that day on. The first teacher was T.C. Smith and the trustees who signed the deed for the new school were William T. Mitchell and David B. Lehman. The Inspector was Mr. George Barclay. In 1930 a basement was put under the school and a coal furnace installed — since then a modern oil furnace has replaced the coal. In 1964, Atha school celebrated its centennial. The chairman for the two day affair was Mr. Norman Lehman. On Saturday, June 13, a program was arranged with Dr. M.B. Dymond as guest speaker and other county and township officials contributing. Sports events and a bountiful supper provided by the ladies of the section, concluded the afternoon activities. A variety program, with Cy Leonard as Master of Ceremonies, was held on Saturday evening. At a church service held on Sunday, June 14, the Rev. A.D. Lehman was the guest speaker. Over nine hundred people attended the centennial. Atha, like other one room schools in this area, closed its doors to education in 1966. Mr. Arthur Latcham, of Stouffville, purchased the school and turned it over to the residents of the area to be used as a community centre. An engraved plaque was placed in a huge stone at the entrance to the property. Four generations of the Dunkeld family attended this little red brick school and when it was closed many felt that a part of their past had disappeared. CEDAR CREEK SCHOOL In the 1840's there was a log school-house on the north-west corner of the ninth Concession and Bethel sideroad. This apparently was the only school east of Claremont. Then a frame building known as Cedar Creek, S.S. No. 14, Pickering, was built on the ninth Concession just west of Clifford Mills' property. Among the first trustees were Richard Taun, George Scott and Emmanuel Slack. Mrs. Bowers was one of the teachers. This building was later moved by Fred Evans and became the Claremont Creamery. In 1916 the people in the area decided to build a new school. This was a brick building situated west of the sixth Concession of Uxbridge but still on the ninth Concession. Some of the teachers here were Mrs. Clifford Pilkey, Miss Jennie Pilkey, Miss Eunice Forsyth (Mrs. Stanley Watson), Miss Beare, Miss Wilma Burgess (Mrs. Hugh Gregg), Miss Hazel Graham, Miss Janet Stewart (Mrs. Edgar Evans) and Miss Kathleen Rae (Mrs. Kenneth Ward). One of the favourite boarding houses for these teachers was at the Morgan Pugh's. Mrs. Pugh, having taught at Mount Pleasant previously, gave wise but motherly advice that was well received. Some of these teachers had grown up "in town" and were not used to "country living". It seems that when Mr. Will Pugh (Hugh's father) was secretary of the Board, one of the teachers walked from one end of the farm to the other for an interview with him. He said that "anyone wanting a job as badly as that certainly deserved it" — the teacher was hired. Several times during the year, Will and his sister Mary, invited the teacher to their home for a delicious supper, after which he brought out his books for her to bring up to date. A case of where there is a "will" there is a way! The annual salary at that time was $500. Three of these teachers liked the community so well that they married and settled here. They were Mrs. Edgar Evans, Mrs. Kenneth Ward and the late Mrs. Hugh Gregg. In 1944, the school was burned and the following year a new brick building, much the same in design as the old one, was built. Music was taught by Mrs. Elmer Wilson, and bus trips to Niagara and interesting places in Toronto were arranged by teachers such as Mrs. Allen Redshaw, Miss Brubacker and Miss Shirley Etcher. The school competed in many extra activities such as baseball, public speaking, etc. In 1965 Area One, Board of Pickering, decided to close the school upon the resignation of the teacher — some grades to go to Greenwood — others to Claremont. As the 26 children left the school a lone composition remained on one of the desks, entitled "Farewell to the Little Red School House". This one heading summed up pages of history. On one sunny Saturday in 1969, the school was sold by auction to Mr. Ross Heron for $13,050, the bells to Mr. Murray Carson for $255. It was converted into a lovely dwelling and later sold for $34,000 to Mr. and Mrs. Henry Nelles of Toronto. It was at this time, that Claremont hit the headlines in the Toronto papers. Mary Nelles, daughter of Toronto millionaire Marshall Davis, had been kidnapped and a province-wide search was organized. Five men were later charged and sentenced for the $200,000 ransom kidnapping. The abduction of Mary Nelles was one of the most spread-out crimes of recent years. It began three miles east of Claremont, and ended beside the ruins of an old church at Foote's Bay, thirty miles south-east of Parry Sound. To Mary Nelles, the little red brick school-house was a "love at first sight", quite different from the mansions to which she had been accustomed. The little school-house known as Cedar Creek has been phased out but a lovely home, surrounded by many flowers and trees, has replaced this one-room building where generations received their first and only education. ALTONA SCHOOL School Section No. 17 was originally Union Section No. 3, Pickering and No. 5, Uxbridge. This was Altona School. The first building was erected in 1834, but the section was not formed until 1844. In 1856, when the total population of this community was only 286, they hired Mr. A. McSween as teacher. He remained for nine or ten years and received a salary of eighty pounds per year. Among the teachers following Mr. McSween were: Hiram Smith, Miss M. Millard, James Forfar, J.M. Tran and John Yake. This building was burned in 1908, and classes were temporarily held in an old hall no longer in existence. The present building was erected in 1911 and from this school many pupils have gone out into the world and made names for themselves. Then in 1966, the school was closed. It was purchased by Arthur Latcham of Stouffville, and presented to the Community as a recreational centre. BALSAM SCHOOL The Union School Section No. 7, Pickering (No. 3, Whitby) was built about 1851. An earlier school was located across the ninth Concession — a frame building which was burned. The first teacher in the new school was George Weston who received a salary of thirty pounds. For this, he was expected not only to teach, but to chop the wood for the heating of the building. Apparently, while he was teaching, he was more interested in fun than in the progress of learning. Miss Ballard and Mr. Michael Benson were also early teachers there. In 1965, Balsam School closed its doors to learning. The pupils were sent to Cedar Creek School and from there to Claremont. Among the later teachers were: Misses Helen Ball, Eileen McFayden, Isobel Faux (who married and returned later as Mrs. Lee), Donalda Schneider and Patience Jackson. Mr. Cotterell was engaged as the last teacher of this school. It was then purchased by Mr. Donald Sanderson of Balsam. Three rural communities in the Township of Pickering have acclaimed the generosity of Mr. Arthur Latcham of Stouffville, Ont. The country hamlets of Altona, Atha and Mount Zion now have their own individual community centres, completely debt free. The school buildings were purchased by Mr. Latcham and presented, with no strings attached, to the section where each is located. These centres had their own committees but each found it difficult to raise sufficient funds to cover the cost of acquiring the schools. A business arrangement was worked out by Mr. Latcham with Lloyd Johnston, Ad- Illustration: Opening of Community Centre at Mount Zion -1967 Ralph Jones, Arthur Latcham and Murray Jones ministrator of Pickering School Area No. 1, under the condition that "The buildings would continue to serve as the centre of community recreation and the money earned would be used for improvements to the property." In August 1967, the official opening of Mount Zion Community Centre took place. Mr. Arthur Latcham and his wife were the guests of honour and Mr. Ralph Jones, the committee chairman, presented Mr. Latcham with an engraved picture. In return, Mr. Jones received the deed to the former school building. The Community Centre was officially opened by Mrs. Jean McPherson and Mr. Latcham and they unveiled a recently installed plaque on the front of the building. More than four hundred people signed the guest book during the afternoon and evening. The activities included mainly renewing of acquaintances among old friends, teachers and classmates. Platform guests included Pickering Deputy Reeve, Mrs. Jean McPherson, Donald Beer, and Area Board Vice-Chairman, Charles McTaggart. CLAREMONT CONSERVATION HELD CENTRE The Claremont Conservation Field Centre was established by the Metro Toronto and Region Conservation Authority to extend its conservation education services to increasing numbers of both students and adults. The proposed cedar log building, completed in the fall of 1969, provides an ideal base for outdoor conservation education. The building is not the classroom but the operational headquarters for the program, providing in-residence accommodation for a class or group. It contains a laboratory, lounge, kitchen, cafeteria, modern washrooms and field equipment storage areas. Most important is the classroom — the 400 acre Claremont Conservation Area. Located in the Township of Pickering about five miles south east of Claremont, the area contains the picturesque Duffin's Creek, two smaller permanent flowing streams, artesian wells, and ponds. There are approximately 150 acres of natural woodlot containing both coniferous and deciduous trees. Much of the marginal rolling farm land was planted with forest trees in 1962, in combination with shrub and food plots, to encourage a high wildlife and bird population. A thirty-nine acre land use demonstration illustrates the technique of strip cropping and grassed waterways. The roll of the classroom is to provide conservation education, to offer a program which illustrates man's need and dependence on his environment for its products — food, fuel, fibre, recreation and aesthetic values. The most important concept to be illustrated at the centre is man's need to manipulate his environment to achieve his objects. The Authority makes these excellent facilities at Claremont available to school classes and groups for conservation education seven days a week and all year round. Illustrations: Cedar Creek School - 1930 Claremont Continuation Class - 1915. Principal M.J. Wilker - Teacher Miss Elsie Rice CHAPTER 8 Built On Faith PRIMITIVE METHODIST CHURCH Primitive Methodism dates back to 1829, when a class was formed in Toronto and in 1830, the Primitive Methodist Conference in England appointed the Rev. Mr. Wm. Watkins as its first missionary. The Primitive Methodist Church was the oldest denomination in Ontario, entering the union in 1884. It was formed at a time when thousands of immigrants were pouring into Upper Canada, among whom were many Wesleyan Methodists. They were of a different social status. Primitive Methodism was a religion for the poor. In different ways, these two denominations struggled along in envy, one for the other. In the early 40's, the Rev. William Jolley was appointed as a travelling missionary in Pickering and Whitby. This "old-tyme" religion with its camp meetings and its evangelism came to the area when the settlers most needed help. The people were poor and the settlements few and far between. Roads were dreadful and travelling very difficult. Religious privileges were rare and the people became very discouraged. Then as immigration of new settlers increased, aided by faithful ministry, great revivals took place and the gospel spread all over the land. In no small way did Primitive Methodism promote religion as we know it to-day. The Rev. Mr. William Jolley was a druggist by profession but became one of the first Primitive Methodist converts and preachers. In 1844, he was superannuated but as there were no "pensions" at that time, he manufactured medicine and travelled through the country selling some of his concoctions wherever he visited. He started meetings at Bethel, in 1843, in a log school house on the north-west corner of the ninth Concession and Bethel sideroad and announced that there would be revival meetings during the weekend and "souls saved". At the conclusion of the first meeting, he stood up and "gave three unearthly whoops, so suddenly, that people sprang from their seats." The next day, he mentioned to a friend that people would come 77 from far and near to hear this crazy man preach — and so they did. Among the first members were: Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Linton, Mr. and Mrs. Richard Ward, Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Middleton, Robert Middleton and family, Mr. and Mrs. Shepherd and others. Since the school house was most uncomfortable, they moved their meetings to Isaac Linton's farm kitchen and Robert Middleton became local preacher and class leader. George Burgess, brother of Thomas and Francis Burgess (who were both local preachers), had helped to build seven churches. As the congregation grew, Moses Linton, Thomas Leaper, George Burgess, Thomas Sadler, Mrs. George Middleton, Thomas Day, Thomas Appleby, Mrs. Taun and Archie Pilkey were among the faithful supporters. Another minister at Bethel was the Rev. Mr. Wm. Gledhill who took over about 1850. Then, in 1851, the school-house was torn down and a new church was built and it was used until the Union of the Methodist congregations in 1884. In 1909, this church was demolished. Mr. Gledhill was a very conscientious preacher and the day that he married Thomas Appleby and Ann Ward (Richard Ward's daughter), the roads were so bad that he had to travel twenty miles on horseback to perform the ceremony. At this time another chapel stood on the corner of the Beverley farm on the ninth Concession, west of Claremont (Lot 21). These two churches had the old-fashioned arrangement of the door on the side of the building and the seats ascending from the front to the back. In 1861, they were admitted into the Pickering Branch of the Markham Circuit, along with several other churches. Then in 1864-65, negotiations were underway to sell the church on the Beverley farm, and erect one in the village. For a short time, services were held in a house on the south-west corner of Claremont intersection, however, by 1866-67, a new Primitive Methodist Church was built. It was a frame building and did duty until union. Then, it was bricked and used by Nick Burton as a harness shop (now J. Briscoe's home). In January 1871, the following were appointed to arrange for a parsonage to be built: T. Appleby, A. Pilkey, Thomas Pugh, George Hopkins, C. Stauffer and R. Ward. The Rev. Mr. W.C. Allen was the first married man in charge of the Branch. This became the parsonage of the United Methodist Church before the union with the Presbyterian Church in 1920. It was then sold to Mr. Ed. Gibson (corner of Lane St. and the Brock Road). After the union (1884), Bethel Church was closed and the congregation placed with that of Glasgow, in the Township of Uxbridge. The last minister of the Primitive Methodist Congregation was the Rev. Mr. Paul Flint, whose pastorate extended from 1881 to 1884. WESLEYAN METHODIST CHURCH Methodism in Canada started in a very feeble way. The first Methodist preacher in Upper Canada was a soldier of the British Army, Major George Neal, who began in 1786 on the Niagara Frontier. After the War of 1812, the Government wanted to increase the population of Canada by bringing in settlers that were loyal to Great Britain. It was at this time that a great many Wesleyan Methodists settled in Upper Canada, and the English Conference sent out men as missionaries. In 1828, the Methodists of Upper Canada separated from the New York Conference and became an independent body. They could now own church property and were steadily gaining importance. There were six Methodist denominations in Upper Canada until the year 1884 when they all became one body — "The Methodist Church". The history of Wesleyan Methodism in Pickering dates back to the year 1817, but it was not until 1843 that Pickering formed part of the Markham Circuit. The first Wesleyan Methodist services in Claremont were held in a large room, suitable for public meetings, over Forfar's planing mill. Then, in 1853, the first church was built serving the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist denominations until the erection of the present church in 1889. To Mrs. Isaac Linton was given the honour of laying the corner-stone of the church and a silver trowel was presented to her. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH — CLAREMONT The earliest settlers in the northern part of the Township of Pickering were mostly Baptists. With no organization of their own they affiliated with the Baptist Church in Markham. The elder of the church was George Barclay who came to Canada in 1816 and settled with his family on the Brock Road. He was the first pastor of the Baptist Church in Markham. Illustration: Claremont Baptist Church -Built 1866 Trouble arose when Joshua Wixson, his wife and family opposed paying the pastor a salary and disagreed on other religious matters. The following appeared in the minutes of the church dated Saturday, August 4, 1821: "This day were separated from the said church Joshua Wixson, Rachel Wixson and Amos Wixson. The crimes were said to be heresy and causing confusion in the church. ..." A later entry, dated September 1, 1821, read: "This day were separated sixteen more for not giving a voice against the other three." Immediately after these nineteen members separated from the Markham Church, a meeting was called and it was agreed to continue holding their own meetings for public worship. In the meantime, a committee was appointed to seek counsel from the Church in Whitby. Their petition to form a church was refused and they were advised to stop holding meetings of any kind. However, they still went ahead with the meetings and on October 27, 1821, at the home of Joshua Wixson it was "unanimously agreed to by all present that we should unite under the title of the 'first Baptist Church of Christ in Pickering'." The first official appointment was made January 26, 1822, when the Illustration: Claremont Baptist Parsonage - Built 1860 following was recorded: "Voted in Joshua Wixson and Randall Wixson to serve as ministering Elders and Brothers Cornelius Johnson and Joel Wixson to serve in the office of Deacons." These people met for thirty years in different homes before it became apparent that a church should be built. In 1850, at a church meeting held at the home of Joseph Wixson, it was agreed to purchase three-quarters of an acre of land at seven pounds, ten shillings from Joseph Wixson Jr. on lot number eighteen on the ninth Concession of Pickering and build a plank chapel twenty-eight feet in width by thirty-four feet in length. Brothers Anthony Avery, David Evans and Francis DeRusha were appointed trustees to hold the deed of said land. Brothers Anthony Avery, Joseph Wixson Jr., and William Norton were also appointed trustees to circulate subscriptions and superintend the building of said chapel. It was lit by candlelight until 1859 when two oil lamps were purchased. In 1857 it was decided that the church would be a member of the Haldimand Association which included Port Hope Baptist Church and Bond Street Church in Toronto. During the early sixties the need for a new chapel became apparent and on June 13, 1864, it was "moved by Joseph Wixson Jr., that Isaac P. Johnson, Edward Pugh, Alexander Morgan, John Barry and Joseph Wixson Jr., be a committee to build a church in Claremont for use of the Baptist denomination, Carried." Then on the twenty-eighth of October, 1866, the new brick church was opened for public worship. Original plans included a basement, but for financial reasons it was excluded. (The present basement was excavated in 1951.) Dr. Caldecott, Elder Hoyes and Joseph Ring were invited to take part in the opening exercises. In 1870, the union of the members of the Gostick Church on the seventh Concession and Claremont Baptist was recorded: To the Baptist Church, Claremont Christian Friends, We, the undersigned members of the Baptist Church, Seventh Concession, being destitute of a pastor and other means of grace and having received from you a cordial invitation to unite with you in church fellowship, having carefully and, we trust, prayerfully considered the matter, have concluded, guided, we hope, by Divine Providence, to avail ourselves of those privileges you so kindly offer us, and may our union prove to our mutual benefit, and be the means of promoting the cause of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ in the world. Thomas Gostick Alfred Tracy Sarah George Frederick George Eliza Tracy George Gilman S.S. Gostick, Sen. Hannah Palmer Elizabeth Gostick Sarah Tracy May George Ellen Michell It was then moved by Brother John Barry, and seconded by Brother George Bundy, that the above application be granted. Carried.¹ During the earlier years, licenses to preach were granted to Amos Wixson, Jesse Wixson, A.T. Sowerby, Frederick Tracy and George W. Connor. More recently two young men, Craig Peters and John Torrance were licensed to preach. They went on into the ministry and are now ordained ministers. Craig is Staff Associate at the Christian Workers Centre, at Paris, Ontario, and John is the minister of Frank Street Baptist Church in Wiarton, Ontario. The first pastor who received a salary for his services was G.P. Frise, who was paid $250 per annum and his firewood. Baptisms were held out of doors until 1866, taking place in "Brother Wixson's Creek or in Brother Barry's Mill Pond." There is evidence that the Sunday School was in existence before 1866 and the Baptist Young People's Organization was formed in 1897. Mr. Evans Ward was leader of the choir for a number of years and the first electronic Hallman organ was dedicated to the memory of Sarah Elizabeth Evans who was organist in the church for many years. The first parsonage was built in the 1860's directly across from the present church. Then, in 1960, this was sold to Irwin Carruthers and a new home was built on Joseph Street for the pastor. Extensive renovations have taken place in the last few years and Claremont First Baptist Church congregation can well be proud of their church. MISSION CIRCLE — CLAREMONT BAPTIST CHURCH During the pastorate of the Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Dadson, the women of Claremont First Baptist Church were called together and the Mission Circle was organized on March 14, 1886, to give the gospel to the Telegu women and children in India and to establish missions in needy places in Canada. The money contributed was to be equally divided between Foreign and Home Missions. Officers elected at the inaugural meeting were: President — Mrs. Dan Forsyth Vice-Pres. — Mrs. Alfred Tracy Secretary — Miss Mary Watson Treasurer — Mrs. John Barry When the Mission Circle was only seven months old, the ladies sent $15 to Home and $15 to Foreign missions. This was quite an achievement at that time and, during the first year of organization, one mother and daughter gave a total of $19.50. Later they used "mite" boxes for special offerings. In December 1921, special meetings were held in the church and the women met before the service for special prayer. The women were very industrious in making and quilting many beautiful quilts and using the ¹Past Years in Pickering proceeds as funds for missionary work and to meet the needs of their own church. The ladies had many interesting meetings and for a number of years Mrs. Lynn entertained them for their June meeting and served fresh strawberries, cake and ice-cream. With their free-will offering, they have financed their mission work, White Cross work, food parcels, etc. They have remodelled their church and can be very proud of all of their achievements. THE BAPTIST MALE QUARTETTE In 1908-09, four young men of the Baptist congregation blended their voices together to form the Baptist Male Quartette. The first tenor was Judson Edwards, second tenor — Tene Brown, first bass — Morgan Pugh, and second bass — Evans Ward. They were accompanied by Miss S.E. Evans, assisted by Mrs. R.E. Forsyth. The Quartette soon became very popular. They attended many services and programs both here and in distant places and received well-deserved praise from all those who heard them. Their rendition of the lovely spiritual "Steal Away", moved the entire audience. Members of the group changed down through the years because of ill-health, etc. but the sound was still there. Messrs. R.E. Forsyth, Cecil Slack, James Coates, Oscar Barber, William Birkett and Edgar Ward, in turn, replaced the former members. Miss Addie Coates (now Mrs. Boomer) was accompanist for a considerable length of time, then Margaret Pugh (Mrs. Willison) and Mrs. William Birkett. The highlight in their long but enjoyable association was in 1935 when they sang over CKCL radio. Claremont was very proud of them. They continued entertaining audiences until the late 1940's when they decided to disband. THE GOSTICK CHURCH The first Gostick to set foot on Canadian soil was Thomas, who arrived with his wife and family and settled on Lot 24, Conc. 7, Pickering, in 1832. In 1838, His Excellency the Governor requested the Rev. Mr. Thomas Gostick to speak at a service of Thanksgiving for peace restored after the Mackenzie Rebellion. Mr. Gostick spoke on Psalm 124, verses 6 and 7. Mr. Gostick continued to preach for seven or eight years after he came to Pickering, and a church was built on his property in 1835. The Rev. Thomas Gostick was the first pastor and the congregation consisted of all the neighbouring families who contributed toward the building of the chapel. It was here that they continued regular services, together with a Sunday School, for thirty-five years. Mr. Gostick held three services every Sunday, one at Green River Baptist Church (where he was the first pastor), one at Ninth Line Baptist Church in Markham Township, and the last service of the day at the Gostick Church. In 1859 the annual meeting of the church was held at the home of the pastor and a decision was made to unite the Gostick Church and Claremont Baptist Church and on March 27, 1859, the Rev. Mr. Gostick walked the four miles to Claremont to preach as usual and on the following day he died. Excerpts from his message at the last annual meeting were: "I have come to the margin of the stream — the stream that has no bridge, and before another annual meeting I shall have crossed it. I regard your visit, dear and honoured brethren as the visit of the shining ones in Pilgrim's Progress — to encourage me to go and to pass over. Fare thee well, dear Brethren forever." After the death of Mr. Gostick, the Rev. Mr. Tapscott took charge of his pastorate until 1870. The Gostick church was then left without a pastor and it has been reported that Henry Tracy and his uncle, Thomas Gostick (son of the Rev. Thomas), moved the old church by sleighs and horses to f Claremont and this later became the Claremont Baptist Sunday School. The Gosticks gave many long years of Christian service to the community. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH The Presbyterian denomination was started in Pickering, in 1835, by the Rev. Robert Thornton, who lived at Thornton's Corners, in Whitby Township. Mr. Thornton was engaged to preach, alternately, at Squire Ley's school and the school-house on Concession 2 (across from Erskine Cemetery). Settlers like Ebenezer Birrell, travelled many miles to hear him. Robert Thornton had been ordained and appointed missionary to Canada in 1833. He was one of the founding members of the Missionary Presbytery of the Canadas, as well as the first moderator and only clerk of the Presbytery of Durham, and the first moderator and clerk of the Presbytery of Ontario, Canada Presbytery. In his own words he described his course as follows: "Avoiding everything like inroads upon the few localities where the gospel had obtained a footing, we proceeded in quest of Presbyterian settlers, without the least direct information as to where they were to be found or whether we should be desired. Committing ourselves to God we just advanced where He broke up the way."2 He carried on his services in Pickering as well as many smaller communities: Columbus, Brooklin, Claremont, Brougham and Dunbarton. The Rev. Mr. Thornton's popularity was expressed in 1855, when his congregation and friends presented him with a purse of over $600 so that he could visit Scotland. In 1859, after completing twenty-five years in the ministry, he was honoured with a Doctor of Divinity by Princeton University. In 1861, he was elected Moderator of the Free and United Presbyterian Churches. ²Past Years of Pickering In 1847, Mr. A.W. Waddell was ordained and inducted, preaching in the south of Pickering. Pickering was then divided into two charges, the Front and Back Stations. The Front Station, on the second Concession, was later named Erskine and the Back Station on the ninth Concession, became Claremont. During 1855, the Presbytery separated these two stations, and the Back Station at Claremont was called the United Presbyterian Church. The Rev. John Baird was the first minister to preach to this new group. They chose a lot south of the village to build their manse and a frame church. This was used until 1876. During the pastorate of the Rev. William Peattie, the brick Presbyterian Church (now the Community Hall) was built. In 1881, Mr. Peattie resigned, at which time the Presbytery expressed its regrets by the following: "The Presbytery being constrained to accept Mr. Peattie's resignation, desire to record their regret in parting with a brother beloved and esteemed for his self-denying and abundant labors in the field, his geniality in the home, his fidelity in attendance upon Church courts, and in discharge of any duties committed to him. They, this day, give thanks to God that he has been so long permitted to remain an honoured fellow-labourer, and pray that God may richly bless him in the work of the Gospel in the future, as He has in the past, wherever his lot may be cast."³ In 1881, the congregations of Claremont and Erskine dissolved their union as a pastorate and the congregation of Claremont was declared vacant. Then, in 1885, the Rev. A.H. Kippan became the new minister and the new manse was built (where our present United Church pastor now lives). During Mr. Kippan's pastorate two of the early pioneers of this district passed away: Mr. Ebenezer Birrell and Mr. Peter Macnab. Later Presbyterian ministers were: John McLean — 1895, W.B. Findlay — 1898, Murray C. Tait — 1902, W.R. Wood — 1908, and Alexander McLellan — 1914. The Rev. Alexander McLellan graduated from Knox College in 1914 and came to Claremont to minister. He married Louise Johnston, who was a constant inspiration to her husband and although she was an invalid for many years, she exercised a gracious and beautiful ministry from her wheelchair. Mr. McLellan was a very thoughtful, earnest and interesting speaker, always in great demand for social and lodge-room gatherings. He excelled, however, as a pastor and was at home among country people, possessing a thorough knowledge of their life and problems. In 1920, the congregations of both the Presbyterian and Methodist Churches were small and, as Mr. McLellan was so well-liked by everyone in the village, the Church Officials decided to join together, holding services in one building instead of two, and under one management. Union had already taken place in many churches of Western Canada, but it was not until 1925 that it became nationalized. 3Past Years of Pickering Illustration: The Rev. W. R. Wood – 1908-1914 The Presbyterian Church in Claremont then closed its doors and the congregation disbanded. THE CLAREMONT UNITED CHURCH "The spirit of Union which drew the Congregational, Methodist and Presbyterian Churches together into the United Church of Canada, could well be the important cohesive force that will help to cement the varied parts of this sprawling land more firmly into a nation." This was a statement made at the Claremont United Church Centennial dinner in 1967. In general, union was very well received, however, there were some staunch Presbyterians who were greatly opposed and remained so. Services of the combined congregations were held, from 1920, in Claremont United Church (the former Methodist Church). Under the ministry of the Rev. Alexander McLellan, church membership grew continuously and Sunday School Christmas concerts became an important annual event. Hours of practice were spent in preparing cantatas, short plays, choruses and readings. Miss Maggie Neal and Mrs. Spoffard were among the earlier leaders of the Mission Band and Mrs. Henry Johnston taught the Adult Bible Class until it disbanded a few years ago. The hand-pumped organ was played by Miss Lela Rumohr, who was a music teacher in Claremont and later became the wife of Mr. Thomas Birkett. Then Mrs. Walter Ward became the organist and held that position for thirty-two years. She was also the choir leader for almost half a century and, in March 1953, a social evening and a presentation were held in her honour. On November 9, 1932, the Rev. Mr. McLellan was killed in an automobile accident. A ministry of eighteen years in Claremont was terminated with tragic suddenness. The congregation held a special service on Sunday, November 19, 1933, unveiling the Memorial Tablet, in honour of the Rev. Mr. McLellan. His son, John, was called upon to unveil the plaque. Mr. and Mrs. McLellan had three children: John, Margaret and Mabel. Their daughter, Margaret, graduated from the University of Toronto in the Honours Course of Philosophy, English and History. These three subjects were the foundation of her career. Moral philosophy became her deepest concern for others. From 1961-64, she was President of the C.F.U.W. She wrote a history of the Status of Women in Canada for the Past One Hundred Years, in 1967. This was later published as a book. She was a Illustration: Methodist Church in Claremont – When First Built - 1889 member of the Women's Committee for Expo '67 and was awarded the Centennial Medal. She died January 4, 1974, and the Canadian Federation of University Women lost a member, who had devoted her life to the aims and ideals of the organization. The Rev. Mr. J.E. Glover became the new minister in March, 1933, and continued until the Golden Jubilee service in 1939. The session at that time included: David Dawson, James McCullough, Fred Pugh, J.E. Wilton, David Gregg and W.R. Evans. The Board of Trustees: Rev. J.E. Glover, Chairman; Dr. N.F. Tomlinson, Secty. Treas.; Walter Ward, Wm. Palmer, James Wilton and W.G. Scott. Upon this occasion, Dr. Gordon A. Sisco, Secretary of the General Council of the United Church of Canada, and father of Mrs. Gordon Birkett, spoke to the congregation — a memorable event in the history of the Claremont United Church. Mr. James Wilton was a constant worker for the church, holding the positions of Elder and Choir Leader for many years. Another faithful member was David Dawson, who was Superintendent of the Sunday School for nine years and Elder of the church for many years. Many more laymen should be mentioned, friends who stood by the church when their loyalty was needed, and remained tried and true to their convictions. Illustration – Building the Methodist Manse - 1885 In June 1939, the Rev. Ivan E. Kennedy, his wife and family (Reginald (now deceased), Margaret and Bruce), came to Claremont. From this charge they went to Cannington and, in 1963, Mr. Kennedy retired. To celebrate their fiftieth wedding anniversary in 1973, the Kennedys returned to Brougham and renewed acquaintances with many former church members and friends. A special service of dedication of chimes was held in this church on Sunday, June 12, 1949, in memory of the young men of the community who gave their lives in World War II — Alvin Lehman, Victor Prouse, Kenneth Evans and Ivan Purdy. The Rev. Harold Lackey came to the Village at that time, with his wife and family, as pastor of both Claremont and Brougham Churches. Previous to this, he had ministered at Frankfurt near Trenton. During his stay in Claremont, a new $2,300 Baldwin Electric organ was dedicated. It was necessary to place chairs in the aisles of the church to accommodate the overflow congregation. Other churches in the area joined in the service and the Rev. J.S. Lowden, Pastor of Claremont First Baptist Church, assisted. After remaining here for nine years, Mr. Lackey accepted a call to Wark-worth, north of Brighton. He later retired and moved to Peterborough. Their family included four sons: Allan (now deceased), Neil, David and Paul. The Rev. Arthur E. Cresswell accepted the call in 1958, and came to Claremont with his wife and family (Eldon, Graydon and Glennys). In 1959, an overcrowded Sunday School presented quite a problem, but not for long as the attendance soon began to decline. The C.G.I.T., Mission Band and Young People's Groups were all very active. Mr. Cresswell ministered to the congregations of both churches, Brougham and Claremont, for ten years, and during that time, their daughter, Glennys, was chosen "All-Round Girl of the Year" at Pickering High School. In 1968, he transferred to Hampton and later retired in Oshawa. In 1966, the stained-glass window in the west wall of the church was dedicated. This window was given by Miss Helen Michell, grandaughter of William Henry Michell who practised law in Claremont and, in 1851, gave Claremont its name. The artist, through the picture in this window, has given us a powerful sermon on Christ's words, "Behold, I stand at the door and knock." The Rev. Eldon Linstead, our present minister, came to Claremont in 1968. He had ministered in Grafton, Ontario. His supporters have found him to be a man of genuine Christian character, and his wife an active and popular factor in the work of the church. They have one daughter, Ila (Mrs. Duff) of Port Perry, and two grandsons. When Mr. Linstead is free from spiritual obligations, he is engrossed in his favourite pastime as a "ham" operator. He has made many friends all over the world — one day talking with someone in Europe, the next, someone in the Southern States. THE WOMEN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY On a church-wide basis, the Presbyterian Church Woman's Foreign Missionary Society began in 1877, and joined the Woman's Home Missionary Society, in 1914-15, to form the Women's Missionary Society. The W.M.S. of the Methodist Church began in 1877, but in Claremont, it was not organized until October 1, 1894, by Mrs. (Rev.) George Brown. The first officers were: Pres. — Mrs. Brown, Vice-Pres. — Mrs. A. Rawson, Corr. Secty. — Mrs. F.A. Stokes, Rec. Secty. — Mrs. James Underhill, Treas. — Mrs. E. Pugh. No records are available of the W.M.S. of the Presbyterian Church but many meetings were held at the homes of "Graham Bros." and Mrs. John Stewart (now of Markham). The Women's Missionary Society was almost a religion of its own, with very strict rules and discipline that was handed down by ancestors of the members. Two Claremont girls went out as missionaries: Kathleen Rawson to Korea and Mary Neal to Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. These girls were devoted, sincere Christians, who dedicated their lives in helping others. Many times, Mary (a sister of Jack Neal), came back to speak to the ladies in Claremont and the surrounding area, and in return, many bales were packed for the Mission and the needy in foreign countries. Mrs. Henry Johnston was a very active member of the Society, being President for many years. Clara Underhill (Mrs. Frank Carson) was appointed Treasurer in 1927, and in 1961 when it amalgamated with the Woman's Association to form the United Church Women, she was still one of its most active supporters. In later years, Mrs. George McConnell invited the ladies to her home for their annual May Day Tea, a success both Illustration - Claremont Presbyterian Church W.M.S. – 1925 (Taken at John Stewart’s Farm at Atha) Illustration - Claremont W.M.S. - 1918 (Taken at Graham Brothers) socially and financially. The last President of the W.M.S. was Mrs. McConnell, the last Secretary — Mrs. Wesley Lehman. Because of their faithful support down through the years, many of their workers were given the honour of becoming Life Members.4 The W.M.S. sponsored a group of children that organized in 1900 and became known as The Happy Helpers Mission Band. The officers of the new organization were: Pres. — Mrs. Leggett, Secty. — John Thompson, Treas. — Herbert Leggett, Corr. Secty. — Miss Bertha Cooper, Organist — Miss Almira Hutchinson. They had one profitable meeting when the collection was nineteen cents. Mite boxes were supplied for Easter Thankoffering and the girls made patchwork quilts for the Fred Victor Mission in Toronto. Programs, consisting of instrumental numbers, skits and recitations were held. At one meeting in 1909 the following gave recitations: Violet Sargent, Merle Stephenson, Ina Mantle, Myrtle Thompson, Vida Knight, Veta Stephenson, Annie Spoffard, Isobel Sargent and Viola Forsyth. It seems that the Baptist and Methodist young people joined together at these meetings. On December 9, 1914, a letter was sent from the Methodist Deaconess Home to Mrs. Spoffard (who was the leader at the time), thanking them for their kind donation of quilts, clothing, potatoes and apples. The Mission Band continued as a worthwhile organization until the 1960's, when its membership declined and it was forced to disband. THE LADIES AID — W.A. — U.C.W. At a meeting held in the manse at Claremont in August 1895, by some of the ladies of the Presbyterian congregation, it was unanimously decided to 4 See Appendix organize a Ladies Aid Society. The following ladies were appointed office-bearers: Pres. — Mrs. McLean, Vice-Presidents — Mrs. Bell and Mrs. Campbell, Rec. Secty. — Mrs. Johnston, Corr. Secty. — MissGregg. A Constitution was drawn up naming the Society — the Erskine Church Ladies Aid Society, to be composed of all ladies who were members and adherents of the congregation. Charges for membership were to be twenty-five cents, with an additional monthly fee of ten cents. The ladies of the Methodist Church in Claremont also organized, about that time, and formed a Ladies Aid for the purpose of raising money to clear off the debt of the manse, and strengthening the congregation. At the first meeting after union in 1920, new officers of the Ladies Aid were voted in by ballot: Pres. — Mrs. D.A. Scott, Vice-Pres. — Mrs. Spoffard, Secty. — Miss Margaret Graham, Treas. — Mrs. T. Condy, Organist — Miss Winnie Wilson and Assistant Organist — Mrs. T. Birkett. The following items were found in the minutes of their meetings: "In 1921, a gasoline lamp was bought for the basement of the church and a chemical closet installed. . . .Fees at the time were $2 . . . .In September 1922, Mabel Gibson and Rowena Cooper were appointed flower girls for the church . . . .A coal-oil stove was bought for the kitchen in 1923, and the choir was asked to prepare a concert . . .The ladies appealed to the managers of the Presbyterian Church about the carpet on their platform — they wanted it placed in the choir loft of the United Church . . .The President read a pamphlet on Prohibition showing the difference when the country was wet and when dry — members were requested to use their influence for prohibition before October 23, 1924. . .In February 1927, it was decided to install electric lights in the manse, and later that the Ladies Aid buy the wash-stand and toilet set, from Mrs. Ward, for use in the manse, price $2., etc. etc." The ladies were always seeking new ways to raise money for the church. A novel idea of patching a travelling night-shirt, placing some money and a little note under the patch, was instigated by Mrs. Glover (the minister's wife) — receipts from this project were $11.76. Then, in 1937, a garden-party was held in the Community Park. They secured the Girls' Band from Orono, and charged an admission fee of twenty-five, and fifteen cents. Mr. William Palmer was to look after the refreshment booth and Mr. Fred Evans was to get the water. In March 1934, it was decided to change the name of this society from the Ladies Aid to the Woman's Association. The ladies purchased flags and decorated the church for the Centennial of Claremont in 1938, and in the following year, sent out invitations to all former Methodist members to attend the 50th anniversary of the church. These were both special occasions for the residents of Claremont. Checker tournaments were held in the Community Hall in 1940-41, and the ladies were asked to serve the lunch, 250 per plate. The same year, an ice-cream social was held on the church lawn and hundreds of people gathered to enjoy the food and meet old friends. Another event that proved to be very popular was the annual Strawberry Supper. Every June, Miss Stella Rolling invited the ladies to hold their gathering on the lawn at Roy Brignall's home. What a feast it was!! Mrs. Joseph Farr, Pres., Mrs. Roy Ward, Secty. and Mrs. T. Gregg were the officers appointed for 1942, when discussions on how to continue their suppers was the main issue — the rationing of sugar and gasoline being in effect at that time. The only Life Membership of the W. A. was presented to Mrs. Clifford Reynolds, rewarding her for devoted and faithful service throughout the years. For ten years, General Council discussed amalgamating the Woman's Association and the Woman's Missionary Society. Both the W.M.S. and the W.A. had long proud histories, and for these societies to relinquish their identity, and merge with the whole church, meant a great deal of generosity by its members and good leadership to carry it through. Finally, on January 1, 1962, a new society was formed — The United Church Women. The Officers of the newly formed U.C.W. were: Pres. — Mrs. William Wallace, Secty. — Mrs. Raymond Stickwood. The group was divided into two units — the Afternoon Unit led by Mrs. Clifford Reynolds and the Evening Unit led by Mrs. Richard Ward. The combined group began with forty-two members and proved to be the backbone of the church. Two highlights in their annual program of activities were their Spring Luncheon and their Fall Bazaar. Every year the U.C.W. donated money to the church. They, along with Brougham U.C.W., helped to furnish and decorate the manse. They donated money and clothes to the needy both here and in foreign countries and purchased many items for the church. For a few years they raised talent money and gave it to Participation House at Markham, the Handicapped Swimming Program in Pickering Township and to the Association for Retarded Children at Ajax, all extremely worthwhile projects. Now, in 1974, those who made the remark, "It just won't work", have had to salute an organization that has retained its ideals, and gone on to make a stronger and more effective union. The Officers in 1974 are: Pres. — Mrs. Raymond Stickwood, Afternoon Unit Leader — Mrs. Clifford Reynolds and Evening Unit Leader — Mrs. Earl Anderson. THE GOOD FELLOWSHIP CLASS In 1940, another group of United Church members organized and became known as the Good Fellowship Class. This group was formed to help serve the church — to donate and to help where they felt it was needed. Many good meetings were held during their thirty-two years in existence but in 1972, due to the lack of leadership, they decided to disband. On Sunday, November 21, 1972, a Recognition Service was held in the United Church, Claremont, when this active organization said its farewell. The minister, the Rev. E.S. Linstead, outlined the many services the Class had performed for the church including: choir books, donations to the Sunday School, to the Board of Stewards, to Missions and toward the installation of the church chimes. The Rev. A.E. Cresswell, a faithful member of the Class during his ministry in Claremont, gave a short address telling about their accomplishments. The long duration of the Good Fellowship Class was brought to a close with many pleasant memories of both friendship and fellowship of the past, and the feeling that "they had served their day." "It is with regret, that this Organization has drawn to a close. But it will leave fond memories in the hearts of those Who have the satisfaction that goes to earn one's test, Knowing when the job is finished, that we've done our best. So as friends and comrades along life's way, Bless us all, dear Lord, for our friendship to-day. And whatever for Thee, we did, O Lord We did it unto Thee." Margaret Wilker (The President) "THE LITTLE CHURCH" In the year 1955, a clergyman by the name of the Rev. Clifford Wood-bury, accompanied by Mr. R. Harding, was passing through Claremont and happened to see an old bake-shop for rent. They decided to stop and investigate the possibility of converting it into a little chapel for religious services. Having attained their goal, the church was opened and they proceeded to hold services. The church thrived until 1967, when the congregation moved to Stouffville, and continued their ministry in the Masonic Hall. This small group later purchased the Ringwood school-house, remodelled it, and used it as a church, under the leadership of the Rev. Howard Minaker. After acquiring the building, the congregation and Sunday School enjoyed such growth that three portable classrooms were added to ease over-crowding in the main sanctuary. This addition provided space for a children's and a Young People's Tabernacle. The "Little Church", that originated in Claremont, soon became "The Bethel Assembly of God." MOUNT ZION CHURCH In 1847, Richard Benjamin Jones purchased a parcel of land, one and one-quarter acres in size, from John Jackson at the north-west corner of Lot 6, rear Conc. 7, Pickering Township. In 1854, a group of people, known as the "Jackson's Congregation", bought the land from Mr. Jones, but it wasn't until 1856 that they could afford to build a church on it. As Mr. Jackson owned the rest of the farm, it is very likely that is where the group derived its name. The church was a frame structure, built on posts. Each side had two windows with the entrance to the north. Inside was a box stove with pipes running the full length of the building. At that time, there were at least four branches of Methodism in that area: the Methodist Episcopal Congaregation met in the "White Church" situated on the south-west corner of Lot 8, Conc. 7; the Bible Christians had services in a building at the north-east corner of Lot 1, Conc. 8; and the Illustration - Mt. Zion United Church - Built 1893 Primitive Methodists gathered at the Balsam Church known as "Temple Hall", located just east of Balsam Store. Later the shed, from the Temple Hall, was moved down to the Mount Zion Church and placed to the east of the shed that was there. It remained there until 1967, when it was donated to Brougham Museum. It was torn down, taken to Brougham and rebuilt in its original form. The different branches of Methodism united and the Pickering circuit was formed in 1863. This included Pickering, Brougham, Mount Pleasant, Greenwood, Claremont, Glen Major, Mount Zion, Salem, Kinsale and Audley. In 1873, Samuel Jones gave to the trustees of Jackson's Congregation (later known as Mount Zion) a parcel of land, on the north side of the road, in exchange for their property to the south. The church was moved and again it was put on posts. It was enlarged and coloured glass was placed in the windows. In 1893, they decided to build a larger and better meeting-place, so the congregation held services in the shed while the present brick church was built — the cost $2,496. Among the trustees and stewards at the time were: Richard Wilson, T.C. McAvoy, Elijah and John C. Jones. The mortgage, held by George Middleton, was burned at a later date. Two churches now remain in the circuit, Mount Zion and Greenwood. The Rev. Mr. T.H. Fleetham, the present minister, has been there nearly seventeen years. He has been a true friend to both the church and the members of his congregation. ALTONA MISSIONARY CHURCH This church, located on Lot 30, Conc. 9, Pickering, was organized in 1875 as a Union Church of the Congregational and Christian, and Mennonite Brethren. A brick building was erected. In 1937 a basement and furnace were added; in 1938, an auditorium and in 1968, a new entrance and foyer. The name of the church was changed in 1956, to the United Missionary Church and a parsonage was purchased on the second Concession of Uxbridge. The Rev. Mr. Dow Sargent became the first full-time pastor. 1975 will be the one-hundredth anniversary of this church, now called the Altona Missionary Church. THE (OLD) MENNONITE CHURCH — ALTONA The original united group seems to be the only denomination to have built a meeting-house in the hamlet of Altona, and, until 1875, the present church was the only one. Then, a second church was built. It, also, was formed with a Mennonite group holding one-half interest. The early history is quite uncertain. The Mennonite settlement in Mar-kham Township began about 1803, and the Stouffers came to the village Illustration - Old Mennonite Church -Altona - Built about 1853 named after them in 1804. They seem to have worshipped here, since there was no church at Stouffville until much later. Some of them served as trustees for this property, though there is evidence they may have also worshipped at Dickson's Hill, especially after the (M.B.C.) Mennonite Brethren in Christ, was formed. But where the congregation worshipped, and who the ministers were, is a question. The first minister recorded is Daniel Kreider, in 1825, and the log school on the north corner of the present property was apparently built in 1834. This building was used as school and church until 1852, although the congregation was well established before this date. They may have worshipped in homes until 1834, and from 1836 (when Dan Kreider moved to Ohio) to 1851. The ministry was supplied, probably, from Wideman's in Markham. The present brick building was built in 1852. The Trustees' minute-book shows the first meeting in 1850, was held in Stouffville with Abraham Stouffer of Whitchurch, and Samuel Hoover and Martin Neiswander, of Pickering, as Trustees. Then arrangements were made for the transfer of the one acre, more or less, from Christian Stouffer (who had moved to Oxford County), for the sum of five pounds. The deed was not registered until 1852, and renewed in 1857, when the Counties of York, Ontario and Peel were separated. Trustees' meetings were held in the schoolhouse. In 1853, meetings were held in the meeting-house. It is presumed that the church was built in that year. . . . .The cemetery has always been a community one, and it is significant that the first grave was Elizabeth Stouffer, of Stouffville, and is dated 1835. On the spiritual side, it should be mentioned that the services have always been in circuit with others in the district. From the earliest records, meetings were held every four weeks.....After 1919, one group discontinued and the present group held services every four weeks until 1928, when a schedule of two and four weeks, alternately, was adopted. Ministers serving have been as follows: Daniel Kreider— 1825 (perhaps earlier) to 1836; probably Jacob Grove or John Reesor, both ordained ministers in 1836, resident in Markham Township; Henry Barkey — 1851-76; Samuel Hoover 1873-93; Christopher Burkholder 1889- 1916; Levi Grove 1906-36; Fred L. Nighswander 1937-: also John G. Hoover 1892-1914; L.J. Burkholder 1914-19-. 5 CEMETERIES The cemeteries in this district tell a story that pertains to this community alone. Many of the stones mark the beginning of the cemeteries and have been maintained by their descendants down through the years. Some settlers, who came to this country alone, were without anyone to care for their graves and they have since crumbled away. Such was the case of the graveyard on the Uxbridge-Pickering Towline (near the Brock Road). Almost all members of one family were wiped out — victims of an epidemic. These stones were broken, piled in a heap and finally the land was used to pasture cattle. Burials often took place before the victim had hardly closed his eyes, in fear that the disease would spread. In Bethel Cemetery, on the corner of Sideline 12 and the ninth Concession, three members of the Hortop family were buried in one year. One broken slab was erected to the memory of "Thomas" — this was all that remained. Emily Shepherd, daughter of John and Ann Shepherd, was the first person to be buried at Bethel, June 6, 1852 — age eighteen years. One can hardly imagine the grief of these parents as they laid their young daughter to rest among stumps and weeds in the cold, damp ground. This small cemetery at Bethel was the final "resting-place" for most of the Primitive Methodist Faith. Upon one stone was printed a brief epitaph with a quotation: "Remember man as you pass by, As you are now, so once was I. As I am now, so you must be, Prepare for death and follow me." The Baptist Church Cemetery in Claremont, was used by the early members — the Pughs, the Wards, the Evans, and others, and is still maintained by this Church. In 1909, a new cemetery was started on the ninth Concession, one mile east of Claremont and it became the "Claremont Union Cemetery" to be used by residents of the community regardless of their religion. This land, consisting of five acres of the south-west part of lot 14, was bought from 5 From Altona Tweedsmuir History Edwin W. Evans. In 1914, a set of By-Laws, Rules and Regulations was set up: 1. This cemetery shall be known as the Claremont Union Cemetery Company, Limited. 2. The land purchased by the Company from E.W. Evans for burial purposes shall be known as the Claremont Union Cemetery. 3. The annual meeting of the Company shall be held on the last Friday of each year, at 8 p.m. when five directors shall be elected by ballot, for the ensuing year. Notice of all meetings shall be given to all shareholders. 4. The Directors shall from among themselves elect a President, a Vice-President, and a Secretary-Treasurer and shall have supervision and control of the grounds, and all work of whatever nature to be done on the grounds. Tariff of Charges: $4.00 for adult grave — $3.00 for child's grave. Many of the earlier settlers were buried in open fields. Often slabs with an inscription on them were found by farmers while tilling the land. In 1835, long before the Union Cemetery was formed a child was looking out of the window of their little log house one day, when a bear came and stood in front of it. She became so frightened that she died instantly and was buried in that same field. This cemetery, besides being beautifully situated and well kept is rich in stones of every size and colour. On the first Sunday in July, the annual "Decoration Day" is held under the circle of tall, stately pines that were brought from the Waddell farm, almost sixty years ago. Many people, from both near and far, join in the services conducted by the Baptist and United Church Ministers, alternately, with Claremont Band supplying the music. The Gostick Cemetery, situated on the eighth Concession of Pickering, was used by the very early Baptists. For a number of years, it was well kept by Thomas Calvert, grandson, and Charles, great-grandson of Thomas Gostick — then in later years by Frank Gostick. In 1970, the Township of Pickering took over the maintenance of almost all of the smaller cemeteries. Illustration: Claremont Citizens Band - 1908 -Back Row: Tom Birkett, George Bentley, Fred Adair, Bob Leggett, Ross Soden, Levi Linton, Jack Gerow, Jim Coates, Levi Linton (Railroad), Jack Soden. Front Tow: Dick Underhill, Tom Coates, George Wilson, Cecil Slack, Bill Bingham, Tom Adair, Bill Coates, Ray Rumohr, Melbourne Chapman, George Coates, Conductor. CHAPTER 9 Forming A Community THE MICHELLS In 1832 William H. Michell, and his brother John, arrived in Pickering Township and settled on Lot 23, Conc. 8, which at that time was still virgin forest. They had been born in London, England, of Scottish descent but a generation or two had lived in France. William had been in the service of the Bank of England but he and his brother decided to come to America. After having spent thirteen weeks crossing the Atlantic aboard the "Esther", they eventually reached Toronto and made their way to Pickering. On the voyage William met Ellen Tracy, who with her parents also settled in Pickering. He was so attracted to Ellen that he wrote the following poem on her seventeenth birthday: Hail, lovely flower of thy sex, Companion on my way, I wish thee many glad returns Of happy firsts of May. Pardon the stranger who presumes To write this humble song, For you have known him little yet And will not know him long. But as within the opening rose New charms each day appear, So may your share of happiness Increase from year to year. "Esther", 1st of May, 1832 William Henry Michell 101 Illustrations: Ellen Tracy & Mr. and Mrs. William H. Michell Ellen taught at Forsyth School House on Lot 4, Conc. 2, Uxbridge, with the agreement "that she would teach for three months for six shillings, New York currency, per quarter, and board with the scholars of such as wish to have her board with them. Those that wish to pay for board, she will board herself for five shillings (NYC) per quarter, for which she will teach reading, writing, and sewing, and keep such order in her school as she hopes will satisfy her employers — the pay will be required the first day of February, 1835." William married Miss Tracy, May 25, 1836, and they had five sons and two daughters: Henry, Mary E., Charles, William, Alfred, Frank and Catherine (Mrs. George Cooper, Claremont). William, having a business education, handled any land transactions that the settlers were faced with. He would walk to Toronto and back, a distance of some sixty miles for the registration of different documents, carrying a sword-cane for protection. In 1850, he became the first Reeve of Pickering Township. He served for two years and after resigning his position, he was called upon to act as "mediator" in many disputes. He was Magistrate for a few years and after the death of Peter Perry, was elected Member of Parliament for South Ontario, but before he took his seat there was a dissolution and a new election. Amos Wright was the successful candidate. William wrote a great deal, often until the early hours of the morning, until he lost his eyesight. He resided on the homestead for a number of years, then moved to the village. Because of his handicap, he was unable to handle his business. He died in 1884 and was buried in the Machpelah (now called the Gostick) cemetery, Concession 8, Pickering Township. His wife died in 1891. In 1844 John Michell built a store one half mile south of the "four corners", this being the only store to serve the settlers of this locality until 1847. John, who married a daughter of Andrew Thompson and settled on Lot 13, Conc. 8, was one of the pioneer millers and storekeepers of Pickering Township. In 1851, he built a two-storey brick building on the south-east corner of the Claremont intersection and this store has continued to serve the community for many, many years. His family were: Sophia (Mrs. John M. Macnab); Bella, who died in early life; and Tobias, who, with his family, lived on the farm south of the village. John Michell died in 1873. THOMAS NOBLE Although there had already been a store south of the village, the first storekeeper to actually do business in Claremont was Thomas Noble, a genial Irishman. He had rented the stone building which stood on the south-west corner of the ninth Concession and the Brock Road. This building was erected in 1847 on the farm then owned by Mr. John Hamilton, who had intended that his brother-in-law, Robert D. Patterson, would operate the store but he moved to Toronto before the business was established. Mr. Noble began selling groceries and other wares to the settlers. He was so well liked and he did such a flourishing business, they decided to name the hamlet "Noble's Corners". In 1846 there were two blacksmiths, two shoemaker shops, two carpenter shops, a wagon-maker's shop, a saddle and harness shop, a cooper, a tavern, an oat-mill, a saw mill, a store (one-half mile south) and two tailors. Business was progressing rapidly. By 1850, there was still no post-office in the community and the settlers were unable to send or receive any mail. The villagers decided that they could no longer do without this necessary institution so they began to consider a name for it. After much discussion and many arguments, William Michell suggested the name of "Claremont". Apparently, an uncle of his, a Mr. Watkins had owned the Hamilton farm at one time and he had erected a cottage on it which he named "Claremont Cottage" after a little village near old London, in England. This cottage was accidently burned down after being occupied by the Watkins, Daws and Hamiltons, respectively. The name was approved by the settlers and in 1851, it was so named by appointment of Queen Victoria and the Province of Canada and Thomas Noble became the first postmaster in Claremont. THE MACNABS In 1853, William Macnab purchased the stone building and conducted the business of storekeeping and postmaster. Two years later, John, who was still only nineteen years of age, emigrated from Glasgow, Scotland, and he, too, entered the business. After about two years, the business was moved to the north-west corner where they had bought a lot from Mr. Dow. He had surveyed ten acres of it into lots of one-fifth of an acre each and the corner lot was purchased for $400. At the time of sale, the land adjoining it was still covered with primeval forest, there being only a few yards of clearing. To this lot, they brought a frame building from Greenwood, and with more additions and remodelling, it still occupies the same land. Business was very prosperous and the Macnabs became prominent citizens. About the close of the fifties, William Macnab removed to Flesherton and his place in the business was taken by a younger brother, Duncan, who had come with John from the Old Country and in the meantime had been employed in Toronto. A large and successful business was carried on in the frame store until the year 1875, when the brick store on the south-east corner was purchased from John C. Michell. The two brothers retired from business in 1899, but the store remained in the family, the proprietors then being a son of the older brother William, named Peter, and Charles and Peter, sons of John. Since 1860, John Macnab, in addition to his duties in the store, held the position of postmaster for forty-four years, an office for which his exact and methodical habits made him admirably fitted. On October 3, 1872, John married Sophia Anne Michell, daughter of John C. Michell, the pioneer storekeeper of Claremont. They had three children: John Charles of Uxbridge, and Peter and Margaret, who stayed on in Claremont. Mr. John Macnab died May 5, 1910. "Mr. Macnab was a typical Scottish business man. . . .People trusted in him instinctively, and as business advisor and manager for many who needed direction in the disposal of financial matters he did many an unrecorded deed of helpfulness. All about the village they knew him as their "Uncle John". . . .Many a Christmas Eve he became invisible to friends and customers for an hour or more, and few knew that he was out about the village bringing Christmas cheer to humble homes in the form of substantial supplies from his store. . . .No Presbyterian was ever more punctual or constant in attendance on the public services of the Church. . . .Deciding in 1895 that smoking as a habit was securing too firm a grip upon him, he at once stopped the use of tobacco. His notebook on a certain day records "John M. Macnab's last smoke.". . . . Those who read his spirit most truly knew that nothing could cut him to the heart so keenly as the suspicion that he or any of his could be related to anything dishonourable or unworthy. And so in a very high sense it may be said of him that "he kept his record clean."1 * * * * 1 From the Uxbridge Times Journal — May, 1910 Illustrations: Duncan Macnab & John Macnab When the Macnabs took over the "Corner Store" the method of doing business was "bartering". Farmers who had little cash would bring their produce to town to exchange it for groceries or dry- goods. This produce included such things as butter, eggs, candles, homespun cloth, cured meats, maple sugar and lard. A pound of butter might be exchanged for some chewing tobacco — a bushel of grain for some dress material. Business was done on twelve months' credit and more often than not it was credit rather than cash but by 1867 merchandise was more diversified and transactions were mostly for cash. On Sundays, the stores in Claremont observed the Sabbath with the strictest concern. The blinds were pulled and no employees were allowed to work. Around the turn of the century a male clerk might receive a salary of two or three dollars per week. After a probation period of maybe six months, he received five dollars per week if he proved satisfactory to the storekeeper but if he worked overtime no additional salary was paid. The storekeeper was on duty by 7.30 a.m. to sweep the store, pull up the blinds and generally get things ready for the day's business. He worked until 10 p.m. on week days and eleven o'clock or even midnight on Saturdays, when the last customer had discussed the news of the day and departed with the weekend groceries. The chief retail needs of this time were sugar, salt, tea, cooking pots, cotton goods and china. Sometimes the storekeeper would send out a peddler with a horse and wagon and he would attempt to sell his wares to the farmers. These peddlers were a familiar part of the country scene, sometimes staying overnight if they happened to be too far from home. Their wagons would be loaded with cloth in bolts, smallware, groceries, hardware and even workshirts and socks for the farmer. Some of their customers were rich and others very poor so they gradually came to know the tastes and means of everyone. Most peddlers were very good business men and could talk their lady customers into buying almost everything. Their "solid gold" watches would turn green in very little time or their medicine bottles would be filled at a nearby creek. If you've never dealt at the crossroads store, You've missed a lot, I see, And the folks who have, will bear me out, I think we'll all agree— A wonderful place was the crossroads store, As it stood in the days of old, Where we traded our butter and new-laid eggs, For the merchandise they sold. Harry Brokaw The country general store was more than a building where you bought your groceries. It was a meeting place, post-office, clothing store, etc. Ladies came to Macnab's store dressed in their sun-bonnets, long skirts and long white aprons tied with huge bows at the back. Men came to find out the news of the day and to tell "tall tales". By 1900 eggs were selling at fifteen cents per dozen, butter eighteen cents per pound, potatoes fifty cents per bushel, oats thirty-five cents and spring and fall wheat at one dollar and twelve and one dollar and twenty cents respectively. Almost everything was sold in the store — dry goods consisted of bolts of gingham or print (there was no silk at that time). Hardware included such items as axes, hammers and nails. Rows of drawers held raisins, currants, dates, etc. and blocks of cheese held together with mosquito netting and weighing fifty pounds stood on the counter. Most things were sold by the bulk; flour, salt, and oatmeal came in wooden drums; and barrels containing sugar, brown and white respectively were kept near the counter. Soda biscuits were sold from a huge wooden box. At the back of the store was a pot-bellied stove and nearby a hand-made table holding a checker-board for the old cronies who spent their leisure time competing to see who the winner would be (Duncan Macnab was always a keen competitor in this art). Wallpaper, rubber boots, overalls and lanterns were along the outer shelves and hay-forks, spades and brooms inside the front door. Illustration: Peter Macnab Sr. To-day, the containers alone that held original products such as saddle-soap, syrup and lye sell for thirty to forty dollars on the antique market. They were decorated wih crests, lions, sunsets and other designs, and the printing on these old cans, crocks and bottles made promises that have been kept since 1880. These products didn't have to have a "Good Housekeeping" seal of approval to prove they were pure. At the turn of the century, 1901 to be exact, when Canada was still only thirty-four years old, Timothy Eaton had become one of the world's leading retail merchants and the famous Eaton's catalogue was distributed to most homes, holding the position of being the most-read book, next to the family Bible. When it was time for the new "Eaton Catalogue" to arrive, young and old waited at the local post office or at the rural mail-box. The family spent hours enjoying the fascinating illustrations and descriptions of items including butter-churns, ostrich feathers, men's fur coats, brass and iron bedsteads, organs, gramophones, etc. etc. On the farm, the catalogue did double duty. For the first few months the family examined it from front to back using the order forms soon after it arrived. Later, they used it, page after page, in the little outdoor privy. The catalogue was Eaton's attempt to bring to the rural people what city people had in the store. By 1910, a hamper containing enough necessary items to last all winter could be bought for thirty- five dollars. The catalogue came to be known as "The Homesteader's Bible". * * * * The younger Macnabs carried on the business of storekeeping and the Post Office for a number of years. Then, the share of the two brothers was purchased by Peter Macnab Sr. and he continued in the business until 1915. Peter, who was born in the old stone store in 1855, spent practically all his life in Claremont. At the age of fourteen he entered the business conducted by his uncles Duncan and John, until 1911. Then, a short time before his death, having operated the business on his own, he retired from the store and confined himself to the Post Office. In 1885, he married Miss Agnes Scott of Claremont. He had one sister, Miss Mary Macnab, and two daughters, Mrs. D.P. McFarlane and Mrs. K. Renfrew. Mr. Peter Macnab was very active in the Presbyterian Church, being Sunday School superintendent and precentor for many years. His residence, "Sandbank", on Wellington Street, was a hive of activity and the showplace of Claremont. Illustration: Mary and Bessie Macnab, Jean and Margaret Renfrew (1908) CHAPTER 10 Business Development With the growing importance of the Brock Road, business development grew rapidly in Claremont. The stone store, after being vacated by the Macnabs, was taken over by Richard Stokes and Charles V. Michell. In 1875, Mr. R.P. Hopper bought the business and later formed a partnership with Mr. Stokes. It was at this time, that Mrs. Hopper wrote the book Old-Tyme Primitive Methodism in Canada. In 1892, Mr. Stokes died and the Hoppers continued the business for five more years, when they sold the store to his brother David. He was the last to operate a store of this kind in the old building. John McGrath then opened a blacksmith shop on this corner. Later he remodelled the building and transformed it into an ice-cream parlour. The young people of the village delighted in playing tricks on him. One day, they tied his hammock with a light string. He came back from the gas pumps to lie down and had hardly hit the hammock when down he went. Finally he changed the shop into a pool-room (with a snack bar to the south side). His living quarters were over the store until he sold the business and moved to Toronto. Alfred Mole, a native of Ashburn, came to Claremont as clerk at Cooper's Hardware. In the 1930's, he took over the snack bar and poolroom in the old stone building and later secured the dealership of Dodge cars. Alf decided to expand his business and moved to a new location in the west end of Stouffville. He married, and had three sons, Robert (deceased), Roger, and Randy, and one daughter Melodee. Mr. Mole died in May 1954. In 1930, Robert (Bob) McLeod, son of Mr. and Mrs. Alex McLeod of Orillia, came to Claremont \ and worked in the garage at Coopers. He married Deloss Bone and they had one son, Roy, who now resides in the village. He began a garage business of his own in the shed previously occupied by Mr. Lye, besides operating the pool-room and snack bar. In 1962, Ontario County Council decided to tear down the stone building and widen the Brock Road. Bob moved his garage business to the corner of 109 Map of Claremont - 1972 Illustration: Canadian Pacific Railway; Lot 19; Lot 18; Brock Road; Claremont Bypass. Wellington Street and the Brock Road. He was in the garage business for over thirty years, and took a keen interest in all activities of the village and had a host of friends. He died in 1957. BAKERIES Bell's Bakery was the first known bakery in Claremont. It was situated opposite the school (where MacGregors now live). Mr. Nathan Tarr, a Claremont area resident, worked for Mr. Bell for nine years, keeping the ovens going and weighing out the daily one hundred and fifty-four, one pound loaves. In 1894, he purchased the building and operated the bakeshop for nine more years. Mr. Tarr married Matilda Burgess of Pickering. In 1903 Walter Thompson bought this bakeshop. He married Sabina Tran and they had five children: Muriel, Norine, Marian, Doris and George. At that time bread was selling at 5¢ per loaf. They later sold the shop to William Thompson and moved to Markham. In 1934 Mrs. Connor began operating a bakeshop south of the Corner Store. Mr. Bradbury of Uxbridge did the baking, while Samuel Taylor and Elmer Shirk handled the delivery. In 1942, the business was sold and moved to Whitby. Mrs. Connor then worked at the Telephone Exchange. She married a Mr. Byers and moved to the Stouffville area. David Taylor established a bakery on the corner of Joseph Street and the Brock Road, early in the 1900's. He also owned an ice-cream parlour where one could buy the biggest ice-cream cones, and mugs of root-beer that were beyond compare. David married Siverena Sadler. Illustration: David Taylor In 1934, Edward Lewis took over the shop and began doing business, with Margaret McDonald as assistant. "Madam Clare's" became well-known for its bread and pastries and especially for its ginger and oatmeal cookies. Mr. Lewis delivered his goods well into the country. Then, in 1939, his daughter Jessie married Samuel Taylor, and he assisted both in baking and delivering their wares. Sam specialized in the art of cake decorating. In 1959, Mr. Lewis disposed of the bakeshop because of ill health. BANKS The only bank in existence in this area around the turn of the century was the Farmer's Bank. It was situated in the Forsyth Block (where the Co-Op now stands); then, around 1911, it closed its doors. The day it closed, Albert Rawson, a resident of the village at that time, ran into the house and exclaimed, "Bell, the Bank has gone up the creek!" Clarke and his sister, Jean, ran to the window expecting it to go by at any moment. Between 1903 and 1908, the Sovereign Bank, located on the north-east corner of Joseph Street and the Brock Road, handled most of the business done by Claremont residents and the surrounding area. In 1904, Mr. L.E. Todd was the agent. This institution, of which the head- office was located in Montreal, became liquidated and many of its branches were acquired by other chartered banks. It was then that the Claremont Bank came to be known as "The Standard Bank of Canada". There were still over twenty banks operating in Canada and the Canadian Bank of Commerce was one of the largest, expanding rapidly in the west. The Imperial, also well regarded, was making rapid progress in Northern Ontario along the line of the T. and N.O. Railway. At that time, there was an officer-in-charge rather than a manager, and selected hours were observed, perhaps twice each week. On November 5, 1928, the Standard Bank of Canada merged with the Canadian Bank of Commerce. The manager at that time was A. Aitken. All this was changed again on June 1, 1961, when the Canadian Bank of Commerce and the Imperial Bank of Canada came together as The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. This made Claremont one of many offices of a very large institution that now has over sixteen billion dollars in assets. The manager at Claremont was Harry Green and the following men took over in rapid succession: N.H. McConkey — 1967, J.W. Gould — 1970, C.E. Hartwig— 1971, and W.J. Detweiler — 1973. The building was designed and built along the same lines as one of the earlier banks and is at least sixty years old. For many years interest was computed at 3%. Miss Mary Graham, who now resides on the Pickering-Uxbridge townline, was the teller in the bank for many years. Customers could always depend on her for confident and efficient service. Others who have served the public equally as well for shorter periods of time were: Daniel Burns, Margaret Wallace (Pugh), Shirley Taylor (Beelby), Margaret Briscoe (McAvoy), Ann Glidden, Dorothy Hockley (Petty), Mildred Taylor and Mildred Spang. BARBER SHOPS Robert Bryan was the only barber in Claremont for a number of years. His shop was situated in the "Bundy Block". Then, in 1914, Harry Porter came to Claremont. He was born in Manvers Township, of Irish ancestry. While still in his teens, he suffered an injury which necessitated the loss of a foot and this handicap led to his choice of barbering as a career. After apprenticing for a year with James Hanna of Stouffville, he came to Claremont in October 1914, to work for Peter Shirk. In 1916, he bought the business from Mr. Shirk and moved down to a building on Main Street, next to the Corner Store. Prices at that time were: Gents hair cut — 15¢; Children's cut — 10¢; Shave — 10¢; Ladies hair shampooed and singed — 50¢ (as quoted in the Stouffville Tribune). Following the Sanderson Hotel fire in 1937, Sandersons sold part of the property to William Brown, who built the present restaurant and adjoining residence, and part to Harry Porter for a new barber shop. Illustration – Harry Porter Illustration - Barber Shop east of the Corner Store - about 1920. Harry continued his barbering business in the little shop until September 1971, when, after a stroke, he closed the business and sold the shop to Gord's Marina. Harry died on May 11, 1973. His wife was the former Annie Spoffard. John Original practised barbering in Claremont for many years. He began in a building near the drug store and in the thirties he moved to the centre of the Village where he continued his trade along with the operation of a pool-room. In the window of his shop hung a sign, "We never close, we only doze." John was an ardent sports fan, very rarely missing a baseball or hockey game in which Claremont played. Earl Pilkey began barbering in a shop next to the Corner Store in 1958. He remained here a year or two, then continued his practice in his home. BUTCHER SHOPS In earlier years, residents of Claremont and surrounding areas dealt with such butchers as Peter Rumohr and his son, Sherman. They lived in the house later occupied by Mr. Wesley Lehman and the slaughtering was done in a small building west of there. Mr. Rumohr delivered every Saturday morning with his horse and wagon and after summoning his customers with a little bell, he would say "This is choice baby beef to-day." Lela, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sherman Rumohr, became an accomplished musician and was organist of the Claremont Methodist Church for many years. She married Thomas Birkett in 1916 and they had one son, Gordon, who became a prominent business man in Stouffville. Benjamin Kilpatrick operated a butcher shop almost opposite Cooper's Hardware, around the 1930's. He had a thriving business, then sold and moved to Toronto. He married Jennie Mundell and they had two daughters, Marian and Shirley; Mrs. Kilpatrick died in 1974. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Sutherland then managed the store. They had six children: Douglas, Beth (Mrs. Victor Morley), June (Mrs. Gerald Clark), Shirley, Helen and Peggy. Mr. (Doc) Hamlin delivered meat around the late 1950's and William Browning was the last butcher in Claremont. He, and his wife Ethel, had one son, Bruce. They did well for a few years, then sold the business and moved to Orillia. Beare Brothers of Cherrywood and Mr. and Mrs. Orville Fretz delivered meat around the Village for a number of years. A locker system and store was operated by Grant Taylor and Harold Loyst in North Claremont in the 1950's. Grant and Mildred (Loyst) had one son, Frank. Harold and Myrtle (Davis) had four daughters, Frances, Diane, Lenore and Nancy. In July 1960, the Fretz Brothers (Norman and Levi) opened a butcher shop on the ninth Concession, west of Claremont. Two days of special money-saving bargains were offered. One could take a beef or a pig, have it killed, cut and wrapped and ready for the freezer; this became a popular way of buying meat. Clifford Harper of Stouffville then became a partner, and a few years later Norman Fretz bought the entire enterprise and Levi now has his own business at Manilla, Ontario. CERAMICS Mr. and Mrs. George Blake of Livingstone Street in Claremont have made and sold ceramics in their home for the last few years. Most of their pieces are cast, while others are hand-built. They are fired in their kiln at home and hand-decorated with various original designs. Their ceramics are found from coast to coast, as well as in many European countries. Their family includes three daughters: Carole, Karen and Christine. CLOCK REPAIRS Mr. Astridge was a clockmaker in Claremont around 1869. He mended all kinds of clocks and watches and was known to the community as "Quarter-to-twelve" because he had the habit of always delivering his mended clocks at dinner-time. CREAMERY Fred Evans, son of Josiah Evans, grew up on the farm (Lot 16, Conc. 9, Pickering). He was one of Claremont's leading football players, performing for the Claremont Thistles. After the turn of the century, several of the young men of the community decided to go homesteading. Jim McFarlane (Lot 20, Conc. 9), went to the Peace River District of Western Canada as a Land Surveyor, then Fred Evans, Herb Cooper and others followed. Fred spent thirteen years there, and then in 1926, he returned and opened a creamery in Claremont. Fred, along with Bob Lynn and Roy Ward, tore down the ' 'old'' Cedar Creek School and transported the lumber to the new location west of his present home (Welsh's). He bricked the new structure, hired a truck driver and a number of local girls to wrap butter in his new Illustration: Joanna Neal's Sewing Class -Front Row: Annie Found, Delia Burton, Mary Adair, Mary Morgan, Joanna Neal, Flossie Morgan, Mrs. Condy and Minnie Gleeson. Back Row: Etta Neal, Gertrude Lee, Elizabeth Gregg, Eve Graham, Mildred Forsyth, Florence Eastwood, Jessie Day, Elleda Russell and Sara Elizabeth Evans creamery. His territory included Siloam, Utica, Stouffville and south to the fourth Concession, involving a total of seventy-five producers. From the first, his business grew steadily and in the second year of operation he produced 4,000 pounds of butter per week. In 1952 Fred sold out and the building was later remodelled as a residence. Fred married Minnie Gleeson and they had two children, Marion and Gary. DRESSMAKERS Claremont was certainly endowed with accomplished dressmakers. Margaret Graham excelled in the art of designing wedding gowns and fancy party costumes. Minnie Burton, who operated a dressmaking shop above her father's harness shop (J. Briscoe's), Mrs. Joseph Readman, Nellie Bushby, Joanna Neal, and Barbara Forgie (who had taken lessons from "Grandma Sharrard", Ruth Wixson), were all well-known and constantly in demand. These ladies travelled from one home to another, sometimes remaining many days to complete the list of articles that were to be sewn. Perhaps a petticoat of very fine cashmere trimmed with yards of ribbon, in addition to a dress of poplin, decorated with velvet and hundreds of black beads, were made. These were all hand-sewn and the ladies made all of their own patterns. In later years, Mrs. Roy Ward handled the dressmaking business in Claremont. DRUG STORE The drug store in Claremont was built around 1927-29 by Lyman Pilkey, Frank Loyst and Bert Mantle. William Douglas was the first operator of this store and later his son, Lionel, took over the business. He married Margaret Overland, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C.A. Overland, and they had one son, Dwight. In 1944, they sold the business and moved to Brechin, where Lionel started a variety store and tea-room; Margaret died in 1945. Thomas (Tom) Lye brought his father Leonard Lye, over from England in 1925, to set up a blacksmith shop west of the stone store then owned by Jack McGrath. They boarded with Emma Brown until Mrs. Lye and her daughter Marjorie, arrived in 1930, and then moved into a house on Wixson Street. Prior to 1939, Mr. Lye and Tom operated the blacksmith shop located north of Tom Hammond's on the Brock Road. In 1944, Mr. and Mrs. Lye became the owners of the drug store. In 1930, Mr. Donald Hedges married Marjorie Lye. Don had come from England in 1926, met his cousin Arthur Bates (who was working on the Les Gauslin farm at the time), and within two days had obtained employment with Amos Brignall, just south of the village; later he worked for Norman Linton for a salary of thirty dollars a month. He was very interested in music and composed a song ' 'Rosebud of my heart'' which was published. In 1953, Don and Marjorie bought the drug store and Mr. and Mrs. Lye moved into their new bungalow, located next door. The Hedges had two children, Ronald and Rosemary, and together they ran the store until 1971, when they sold it to Mr. Larry Chretian. They regained ownership in 1974 and moved back to their former home. In 1941, Don was employed by Sarco Canada Ltd. and worked until 1968, when he retired. ENTERPRISES A & B Enterprises began as a partnership between Mr. J. Anonby and a silent partner, Mr. Ottar Berger, in the summer of 1963. The company began by importing and distributing stainless steel cookware. They added several other lines, including handmade ceramic flower plaques, created by a well known local artist, Peter Meyer. Mr. Anonby bought out his partner and changed his lines over the years, dropping the stainless steel and replacing it with pewter-ware. The company was incorporated under the name of A & B Enterprises of Claremont Limited in 1971, and added Mr. Wm. Earle Cook of Claremont, to the staff. Mr. Anonby is well known by the better Jewellers and Gift Stores across Canada and has been dubbed the "Pewter King" of Canada by some of his fellow importers. Illustration - H.G. Mclntyre Ltd. Employees (around 1937) Back Row: George Mothersill, Bert Gibson, Gordon Graham, Bill Snodden, Frank Ward, Howard Mothersill, Jack Lehman. Centre Row: Ilean Hill, Blanche Todd, Laura Hill, Wm. (Scotty) Beaton, Greta Pilkey, Erwin (Red) Purdy, "Tommy" Tucker. Front Row: Mabel Evans, Mae DeRusha, Reginald Green. FACTORIES Tanning and shoe-making flourished in the early days of the Village. William Beal had a tannery at the north of Claremont and later, Dugald Taylor Jr. operated one in the Village, on the west side of the Brock Road. In the 1920's, a barn on the property of Mr. H.G. Mclntyre, Wixson Street, Claremont, was remodelled and used as a small factory; there they made various bakelite products including trays and other household items. This factory, with offices at the front upstairs, hired Josephine Norton, Mae DeRusha, and Jean Symes as the first female employees. The male workers included: Frank Ward, machinist, Gordon Graham, George Mothersill, "Scotty" Beaton, Edward Lewis, Reginald Clark and Widmer Miller. In 1937, Mr. Mclntyre sold the business to Colonel E. Phillips of Oshawa, who built the new bakelite moulding plant under the name of H.G. Mclntyre, Ltd. This was located on the Brock Road, almost opposite the Claremont United Church; retaining Mr. Mclntyre as Manager, it gave employment to many more people. In 1948, this building became known as the Sarco Plant. The factory turned out steamfitting supplies and employed a total of twenty-three people. Employees included: Gord Taylor, Mrs. Cecil Redman, Mrs. Keith Drake, Jack Badgerow, Tom Davis, Wilmot Hill and Leslie Lye. In 1963, the management announced "that the industrial pride and joy of Claremont for the past twenty-three years, and one of the finest factories in Pickering Township, would have to close down in favour of a new location in Scarborough." The majority of those who worked at Sarco were residents of the Village but Jack Mansell, who was the Director and Factory Manager at the time, said that the reason for the move was because there was little room for expansion in Claremont. This factory, now Booth Ltd., manufactures pop dispensers and employs about nine people. In 1931, Walter Symes, Frank Loyst and Thomas Condy opened a canning factory, north of the C.P.R. Station. At that time, tomatoes were selling at twenty-five cents per bushel. Farmers, such as Norman Linton, grew acres of tomatoes and took them by the wagonload to the factory. At its peak there were forty-five workers employed (all but two living in Claremont), who peeled and canned cases of this product. Later it was solely operated by Mr. Symes; while he was the operator, some 65,000 cases of tomatoes were handled. Employees included: Jean Symes, Grace Loyst, Carl Dopking, Lillian Dawson, Joe Ward and Margaret Wilson. The plant was closed for a considerable length of time and used for storage purposes. Then, in 1952, under the management of Thomas McKenzie and owner "Mike" Williamson, it opened again but only lasted a very short time. Meanwhile, Mr. Frank Loyst operated a canning factory of his own. It was situated south of the C.P.R. Station and there, they canned chicken as well as tomatoes. It was later changed to a Locker System, where farmers of the area stored their meat. FOUNDRY A foundry, which stood for many years one block east of the four corners, was operated in turn by James Forfar, C.V. Michell, Stephen Powell, Robert Ward and Dodwell and Saunders. In July 1890, the foundry was in flames and although the villagers "worked with all their might" it became apparent that it must go. Fortunately the flames did not spread, although the foundry was totally burned; the loss amounted to $8,000 and there was no insurance on the buildings or contents. It was less than a year since Messrs. Dodwell and Saunders had leased the foundry, and in that time, they had worked up such a healthy trade that seven men were employed at the works, where farm implements and machinery were promptly repaired. Claremont fully appreciated the loss of an industry which other towns would have liked to have had, and the citizens held a meeting on the following Tuesday to consider what aid could be given towards rebuilding. Illustration - Claremont Foundry (when Robert Ward operated it around 1890) John Miller, Reeve of Pickering, occupied the chair. It was decided to form a company and raise a sum sufficient to finance it, loaning the money to them at a reasonable rate of interest, and the privilege of buying back the shares at any time. The people of Claremont acted with "justifiable decision' ' in the matter. At a time like that, when every town and village was seeking to secure industries, so promising an industry as the Claremont Foundry should not perish. By August of that same year, Saunders had retired, Dodwell had bought the site of the new foundry and started to rebuild. A subscription list was drawn up in which it was proposed to raise shares by $1,000 or $1,200, all shareholders secured by a mortgage on the property. On September 26, 1890, J.T. Dodwell had his foundry going again. The moulding department was in full operation turning out some fine work, mostly on bridges and implements. The foundry was a thriving business until 1907, when it was burned and never rebuilt. FUNERAL SERVICES George Bundy was the first undertaker in Claremont. He was the son of John Bundy who came from England to Canada in 1832, but did not settle here until 1860. The funeral home was located where the present library stands. Mr. Bundy died in 1903. J.H. Beal succeeded Mr. Bundy. Everyone knew that whenever Mr. Beal came whistling up the street, he had a funeral, but aside from that, it was a very sad affair. The mourners wore black for at least six weeks and friends came from far and near — it was more of a reunion. When the procession passed by the Corner Store, the proprietor made sure that all window blinds were pulled and the viewers removed their hats and stood at attention until the last mourners had disappeared. Prices of funerals were quite different in 1882, from what they are to-day. The following is a bill made out to a customer at that time: To 1 coffin and shell......................$ 8.00 To Hearse....................................$ 5.00 To 6 yds. hat crepe 8¢ per yard ......$ .48 To 1 1/2 yds white ribbon 7¢ per yard. $ .10 To 3 prs mens black gloves 15¢ pair . $ .45 Total………………………………………….. $14.03 Daniel Gerow made coffins out of cedar for the pioneers who had departed from this life. Later, funerals were conducted from either Sterritt's Funeral Home in Pickering, or Stouffville Funeral Home (W.J. Mather, Prop.) Illustration – Beat’s Undertaking Parlour In 1969, a new Funeral Home was opened on the south-west corner of Claremont and Kent Milroy became the new Director. Kent (son of the Rev. James Milroy of Toronto), and Marion (Burch), greeted two hundred visitors to an open-house and both visitors and the Milroys were greatly impressed. Kent had a very good business but due to airport developments, he chose to leave Claremont in 1973, and to take over the same business in Port Elgin. Marion was a former teacher on the Claremont Public School staff. They have three children: Laura, Robin and Allan. FURNITURE Along with the Undertaking business, George Bundy had a furniture store in the same building. Then J.H. Beal, son of William Beal who owned the tannery, opened a furniture store on the corner of the Brock Road and Wellington Street. He kept a parrot and upon entering the store, it let you know, in a few choice words, whether you were welcome or not. Beals were known for their fine selection of furniture and many pieces are still in the area. They were succeeded by their daughter, Mrs. M. Chandler, who stayed in business until the 1940's. GARAGES Leonard Pilkey and Maitland Anderson operated a garage where Brignall's poolroom and barber shop were later located. Around 1925, Leonard moved his business to a frame building opposite Cooper's Hardware; Frank Ward was employed there. In a section partitioned off from the garage, Len's father Luther Pilkey, mended harness; later moving to a small shop attached to Brignall's and the garage was sold to Charles Cooper. In later years, Len owned and operated a garage at Coppin's Corners, north of Claremont. Around 1933, Harold Sanderson had a garage on the north-east corner of the Claremont intersection. His father had operated the hotel and livery stable but since cars were replacing the horse and buggy, Harold went into the garage business. It was burned along with the hotel in 1937. A new garage was erected in the same location and Mr. Joseph Perkins, of Unionville, became the owner. The first tenant was Harold Sanderson but he remained only a short while, then John Norton took over the business. John married Ina Redshaw and their family included Darlene, Lawrence, Helen, Carl, Donna and Keith. After Mrs. Norton died, John married Doris Dolphin. In 1945, George Constable became the operator. Employees at the time included: Ernie Baker, Ross Middleton, Frank Ward, Ernie Pilkey, Douglas Norton and Allan Pretty. These were good years, prices were on the way up and the corner service station was a great place to be working. Along with everyone's car, truck and tractor problems, they had a farm plowing and cultivating business. They were also called upon to take all the fire calls and get there with any help available. George married Greta Pilkey and they had one son, John. An old red bench stood against the front of the garage. It was the gathering place for all the old-timers. There were more things bought and sold, money made and lost, and tall-tales told there, than any other place in town. When stories got out of line, they used this little rhyme: "It may be so, for all we know, Your stories sound so queer So tell your jokes to other folks Your — don't go here." Kenneth Ward began selling British Motor cars in 1950, and along with general repairs, operated the garage until 1964, when he sold the business to Joseph (Joe) McCullough. Ross Middleton was a faithful employee of Mr. Ward's for several years. In the meantime, Ken also had the franchise for Nuffield tractors, made by British Motors, and in 1958, he purchased the north- west corner lot opposite the garage. The front of the building was made into a showroom and a cement block building was constructed on the property to the north in 1962. After selling the garage business, he continued with the Tractor Sales and Service in the new building until 1971, when he retired. He sold his business to Mr. Edward Knapp. Allan Fryer had joined Mr. Ward's staff in 1951 as gas attendant and caretaker. Before coming to Claremont, Al was a candymaker in Toronto, but when the Second World War broke out, he joined the armed forces. He married Elizabeth Ward and they had one daughter, Anne (Mrs. Derek Spencer). He then worked for Joe McCullough until he retired in 1970; he died that same year. In 1960, Mr. Perkins sold the garage to B.P. (British Petroleum). Mr. McCullough transferred his business to Whitby in 1968, and his head mechanic, George Reazin, became the operator of Claremont Motors. Gordon Taylor took it over in 1973 and he is the present operator. GIFT SHOPS In 1948, Daisy Ryall had a gift shop south of Hedge's Drug Store — it was the headquarters for buying china, crystal, stationery, yarn, knitting needs, books and cards. Mrs. Kenneth Ward opened a shop in 1966, known as "Kay's Gift Shop", situated in an ideal location (on the northwest corner of the ninth Concession and the Brock Road). Kay had a flourishing business handling many novel items: paintings, knitted goods, china and glassware, all beautifully wrapped. Kay married Kenneth Ward and they had two children, Ray and Betty. THE GROCERY AND POST OFFICE In 1905 a post office was established in North Claremont where the railway crosses the Brock Road, but it lasted only a short time. In 1915, David Scott, son of William and Elizabeth Scott, became the Proprietor of the Corner Store and the Postmaster. David was born in North Pickering Corner Store -1915 Dovld Brost- Propriemr eCom, Store -1915-1928 sad his fmbm, who opened o dairy farm hart, shipped ming ro Tommlo deny. Dave armed Olive Kronor, fiom London, Coombs, and May were bosh very, mule in IoW aHuhs. Mrs. Sent was a fife menthe of IN Women's Wlimm. President of the Missionary Monthly. am was in the looked amch choir for a mmmf of years. N 1918, Dave sod Reoben Besse became pmtmos but Only for a short while. They sold My gcMs, Poison". crockery, Mote and shoes, points. oils, etc. Lances C.A. overland was employed by Gave. In 192627 the Srotu mod Me store and pum ul u awiwy, in Feiacou Pull, Ovmbo, where Mm. goon snit resales. W, BeNand purchased the business at that dmemW Alfred Pretty, who was lnUu&of the posto(Bce, was lnWummWin helium it nova] to the mmb-wat mtvv. Met Na merchant fmm the past office. he lived in Cheroot am Mind m Jimmy 19]0. Albed and M1l wife had We children, Man and Betty. In 1917, a new lwl off was built by Fred Mowder, between the d Me Bem¢Kei da amilinu ne Telephooffice ne oee. For Mor ley, answer an avuced by his wile Vmon (youth), Nome IM new promote, and continued in this position noel 1963, when he mind. They had six Old- tlern: l®n, Gordon, (Audi Vidor, Kenneth and Wi1fied. Mr. Morley morsel m Smnfivme after the death of his wife - In 1955, Chines Cmpx built the prevent pmt once, a modem mment block building with hick firm. Kenndh Be¢ Construction Compny of SkaMDle erecnl We building,mntaivingmNemeenveniencevwithup - consem lighting and forvA-in kcal. Roy Maimed held me position of Posmnsnn fora very time; whom and Illustration: Corner Store - 1915 & David Scott – Proprietor of Comer Store - 1915-1928 and his father, who operated a dairy farm here, shipped milk to Toronto daily. Dave married Olive Kindree from London, Ontario, and they were both very active in local affairs. Mrs. Scott was a life member of the Women's Institute, President of the Missionary Society, and sang in the United Church choir for a number of years. In 1918, Dave and Reuben Besse became partners but only for a short while. They sold dry goods, groceries, crockery, boots and shoes, paints, oils, etc. Later C.A. Overland was employed by Dave. In 1926-27 the Scotts sold the store and purchased a creamery in Fenelon Falls, Ontario, where Mrs. Scott still resides. Mr. Bertrand purchased the business at that time and Alfred Pretty, who was in charge of the post office, was instrumental in having it moved to the north-west corner. After his retirement from the post office, he lived in Listowel and died in January 1974. Alfred and his wife had two children, Allan and Betty. In 1947, a new post office was built by Fred Mowder, between the corner store and the Bethesda and Stouffville Telephone office. Fred Morley, assisted by his wife Verna (Evans), became the new postmaster and continued in this position until 1963, when he retired. They had six children: Jean, Gordon, Gladys, Victor, Kenneth and Wilfred. Mr. Morley moved to Stouffville after the death of his wife. In 1955, Charles Cooper built the present post office, a modern cement block building with brick front. Kenneth Betz Construction Company of Stouffville erected the building, containing modern conveniences with up-to-date lighting and forced-in heat. Roy McLeod held the position of Postmaster for a very short period and Mr. and Mrs. W.P. Lake are the present managers of the Corner Store. This historical landmark has been doing business in Claremont since the Macnabs first purchased the building on the fifth day of July, 1875. Alfred Tracy and John Barry built several houses shortly after the railway line was built through Claremont and later Mr. Barry erected a large Public House and store. Daniel Forsyth became the owner and the store (where Co-Op now stands) was operated in turn by William Henry, R.E. Forsyth and Mr. Louis Fingold. In 1919, the whole block was destroyed by fire and it was then, that Louis decided to open a store in the centre of town. Mr. and Mrs. Fingold had five children: Samuel (who operated several "Roxy" theatres in the country e.g. Markham, Uxbridge, etc.), Philip, Harvey, Rose and Shirley. They later sold the store and moved to Aurora. Reuben Tindall ran the store for almost three years and then moved to a farm on the third Concession of Uxbridge. He married Edith Roach of Cherrywood. Caldwell G. Overland and his wife Annie, came to Claremont in 1920. At first he worked in David Scott's general store (Corner Store), after which he operated a store in the Bundy Block, and finally, in 1931, he bought out Mr. Tindall and carried on his own business until his death in 1949. George Middleton was employed by the Overlands for many years. Mrs. Overland sold the store and began a home for the elderly; she died on February 20, 1974. To everyone who knew her, she was a devoted and sincere friend. Their family included: Margaret (Douglas), and Gordon, of Kingston, Ontario. Wray Padgett became the owner of the store in 1950. He was President of the Claremont Business Men's Association at one time and a keen baseball fan. They sold the store and moved to Cobourg where Mrs. Padgett still resides. They had four sons. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Burton bought the business in 1956, ran it for a period of three years, then sold and moved to Pickering. Gordon and Stella McGrath became the owners in 1959. They had two children, Brian and Susan. About 1965 they left the store and built a new one on the corner of the Brock Road and David Street. Business began to decline and the McGraths moved to Sault Ste. Marie. Joe McCullough then used the building as a showroom for new cars and in 1970 the building was taken over by Stiphout's T.V. Service. Mr. Stiphout is enjoying a very successful business both in selling and repairing Philips' televisions, tape recorders and radios. HAIRDRESSERS AND BEAUTY SALONS Hair was the crowning glory of women in 1868. Women wore their hair in the style of the times, whether it was becoming or not. They had rolls, twists, falls and curls and ladies had a full-time job keeping their hair style. Mrs. Fred Farmer sold hair switches in Claremont for a number of years and they were very popular. Most ladies had enough hair of their own but some preferred to wear all kinds of contrivances — they wore rats, mice and cataracts made of wire or wool and decorated their hair with ribbons, lace, tulle and flowers. Permanent waves came into being in the 1920's around Claremont and the first hairdresser was Mrs. Jack Mundell. Mrs. Alfred Pretty set up shop on William Street and when Miss Alta Zellers operated a shop next to the Corner Store, "Tonis" were becoming very popular. In the 1960's Mrs. Kenneth Jones and Mrs. Lloyd Pascoe practised in Claremont and in 1974, Suzanne's (Hockley) on David Street; Anne's (Spencer) on the ninth Concession, and Glenda's (Winterstein) on the Brock Road, are shops serving not only the ladies of the community but the many men who prefer a hairstylist. HOTELS The hotel was the meeting place for everyone in the early years — those passing through the Village or the steady customers dropping in to have a social drink. Whiskey was plentiful and the drinking of it was not looked upon with such disgust, nor did it reach such unhappy endings as in our day. One thing in its favour was that it was cheap — one gallon could be purchased for twenty-five cents. A man was not considered extravagant if he bought enough to make him feel good. It was considered very proper to have a drink upon almost every occasion and eventually taverns were built in every village. In Greenwood Village alone, there were three stills, five hotels, and a store that sold whiskey by the keg. This store "always had an open keg by the counter and a cup for the customer to help himself." In the 1840's, a log hotel was built and operated on the north-east corner of the intersection in Claremont by a Mr. O'Brien. It was later sold to Mr. Ambrose Dowswell. Owing to the increase in business, a much larger frame building was erected and Mr. Dowswell lived there until his death. Alexander "Sandy" Wilson became the proprietor of the Claremont Hotel in 1899 and his covered bus went to and from the station. It was quite a sight to see the ladies in their finery and the gents in their best bib-and-tucker alight from this highly-polished bus, pulled by a team of dapple-gray horses. Auction sales were held in the hotel and dances became quite common, held in a room over the adjoining shed. Mr. Traviss became the next proprietor, and in 1921 Mr. Thomas Sanderson managed the hotel, livery stable and the same covered bus. Prohibition had ended the liquor trade, cars were replacing the horse and buggy, and hotel accommodation had almost become extinct in the country. In 1937, the old frame building was burned to the ground — the garage owned by Harold Sanderson (son of Thomas Sanderson) and the scales at Illustration - Claremont Hotel the rear of the hotel, where farmers brought their hay and grain to be weighed, were totally destroyed. Destruction brings forth re-construction, and many of the old landmarks have been replaced with new buildings. In the book entitled Life and Times of Joseph Gould, by W.H. Higgins, it is stated that Mr. Gould stopped over at the hotel on the corner of the fourth Concession of Uxbridge and the town line. This hotel was known as the Dew Drop Inn and it became a very popular place. Dances were held on the upper floor of the hotel and young and old gathered there, every Saturday night, for a good old-fashioned hoedown. The story is told that a peddler, who was an habitual guest at the hotel, was missing. Settlers looked in every place where they thought he might be. When the hotel was torn down, years later, his skeleton was found in the shed adjoining the hotel. He had been murdered. Another hotel was located east of the intersection and was the home of Peter White until fire destroyed it in 1970. This was known as the Hastings House and was managed by Mr. Alvin Hastings. In 1883, he purchased the hotel from Mr. G. Gerow and received his license to sell liquor. However, before two months had passed, he appeared before Major Harper at Whitby and pleaded guilty to infringement of the Scott Act. He was fined fifty dollars and costs, and an order was made for the destruction of all liquor found on the premises. Mr. Hastings also handled what little barbering there was at that time but got into trouble again and left the place, for parts unknown, "leaving a wife and five children who were better without him Illustration - McCormick Deering Display at C.P.R. Station -1901 than with him." In 1891, Mrs. Hastings became the owner and offered the "house" for rent. At one time, Mr. Josiah Evans (father of Fred) was the owner of this building. IMPLEMENT SHOPS Ira Powell was the son of William and Lucy Powell, who lived on Concession 5, Uxbridge, but in later years retired to Claremont. His implement shop was on the corner of William Street and the ninth Concession (where Mrs. Ross Middleton now lives). He was known to everyone as "Foxy Powell". Although not very speedy, he had a good business. Kenneth Ward, son of Mr. and Mrs. Evans Ward, sold Nuffield tractors and Austin cars on the north-east corner of Brock Road and the ninth Concession for a number of years. Then Joseph McCullough took over this location and Kenneth moved to the north-west corner, where he erected a shop. He had worked on the grader for the Township of Pickering for twelve years, then went to Crothers Construction Company. He began in business for himself in 1949. Mr. Ward was injured in a tragic accident and died December 17, 1973. He was married to Kathleen Rae and had lived in Claremont all his life. Norcan Farm Equipment erected a building on the ninth Concession of Pickering in 1969. Here they assembled farm machines and trucked them to dealers all across Canada. This building, costing $70,000 and covering 10,000 square feet, is now in the airport area and will be forced to relocate before too long. Mr. Laris Skjaveland is the manager. Illustration - Frost and Wood Display at Four Corners — (about 1912) LIVERY Among the liverymen in Claremont were W.A. Thompson, Reuben Besse, "Sandy" Wilson and Thomas Sanderson. They had first class horses to hire, day or night, and ran the bus to and from Claremont Station. MARKET PLACES A Mr. LeFraugh had a vegetable market in Claremont in the earlier years. He made weekly tours around the Village selling his produce from an old covered wagon. Mr. T. Lenson, the "Celery King"; Mr. Harry Boose and Mr. George Stokes all supplied the community with fruits and vegetables after the turn of the century. MILLINERY Mrs. McCallum operated a millinery in the Bundy Block and this was a favourite store with the ladies of the Village. All ladies wore hats at that time and her little shop did a thriving business. She had special days for her spring and fall creations that were adorned with anything from huge ostrich plumes to artificial flowers or fruit. PAINTERS AND DECORATORS Percy Lynn (brother of Robert) was a decorator and painter and drove the first mail delivery on Rural Route No. 2, around 1915. He died during World War I, due to the 'flu epidemic' and was buried in North Wales. Illustration - Lyman Pilkey's Pumpshop William (Bill) Bingham, a well-known decorator in the area, married Hannah Besse (a sister of Mr. Fred Evans). They lived on the corner of the ninth and Lorn Street and had four daughters. James Briscoe, a painter and decorator for many years, married Ethel Evans. They had two children: Margaret (Mrs. Frank McAvoy) and Blake. He was also caretaker of Claremont School for thirty-two years, retiring in 1956. After operating the Corner Store in Claremont, Fred Mowder started a very thriving business as painter and decorator. He moved to Pickering where he continued his trade until he recently retired. PLUMBERS AND PUMPMAKERS William R. Evans, son of Morgan Evans, began in the plumbing trade around 1930, with a Mr. McGrattan, of Stouffville. He was employed by Charles Cooper, and after World War II he assisted Fletcher Goudie, of Altona. In 1947, Mr. Evans began on his own, covering all the Claremont area. He became a "Master" plumber in the 1960's. Finding his own business too strenuous, he decided to seek an easier way of life. In 1965, he was employed by the Plumbing Board of the Ontario County Board of Education, where he remained until he retired in 1968. He married Aldine Ward and their children are Blair, Glenn, Dean, Betty (Mrs. Terry Hopkins), and Christina (Mrs. Paul Forsyth). Larry Norton, son of Lawrence Norton, although living in Stouffville, now handles most of the trade in this area. He married Sharon Ransom and they have one child, Shawn. George Gerow was one of the earliest pumpmakers in Claremont. He was followed by Lyman Pilkey, who operated a pumpshop, south of the Corner Store. He proved to be a very successful business man and built a number of dwellings in that area. He married Sophie Michell. RESTAURANTS AND TEA ROOMS Charles DeRusha and his wife operated a tea-room on the corner of the ninth and Franklin Street in the thirties. They sold light lunches, and skiers on their way from Dagmar could obtain Charlie's hot specials before heading back home to Toronto. Down in Claremont's south end, next to the drug store, Mrs. A. Brooks operated a tea-room in the forties. A novelty store was at one end where you could buy anything from trashy valentines (two for one cent) to children's clothes. In 1947, they sold the store and tea-room to Mr. Clare Keevil and moved to Whitby. They had five children — Elmer, Harold, Glen, Lyall, and Dorothy. In 1938, William Brown and his wife purchased a lot from Mr. Sanderson and built the present restaurant and adjoining residence. Myrtle's bill of fare on the wall, brings back fond memories to the 1974 inflation-mad customers; toasted sandwiches twenty-five cents, pie ten cents, and tea a nickel. Due to ill-health, Myrtle was forced into giving up the restaurant. In 1946, Ernest (Ernie) and Margaret Baker took over the restaurant business for three months. Later that year, Gordon and Thelma Taylor bought the restaurant and turned it into a very successful business. Thelma did all her own baking, beginning at five o'clock in the morning. At lunch time the counter stools and small side tables were filled with truck drivers and salesmen, who claimed it to be "the best eating-place in the country." Gord was employed at Sarco Ltd. for many years. Then, he started selling boats, snowmobiles, guns and other hunting equipment. In 1971, he bought the barber-shop from Harry Porter, and the lot was used to display his boats. Gord's Marina is now a thriving business, and his son Gary is the leading salesman and mechanic. Gord and Thelma have two children, Glenda and Gary. SHOEMAKERS In 1876, Magnus Henderson and J.S. Farmer began making and selling boots and shoes on the north-west corner of the intersection. Then, Mr. Henderson moved to a shop near the Corner Store. The following bill was received by Mr. John Coates in 1896: Henderson and Farmer Boots and Shoes of Every Description to Mr. John Coates 1894 Nov. 1 Pair laced overshoes $1.85 1895 June 1 Repairing pair shoes .50 ………………..Pair Laced boots Self 1.65 1896 Aug. 6 Pair Shoes Miss Todd 1.60 …………………Pair Lacrosse Shoes .60 Illustration - William Palmer 1879-1962 Dugald Taylor, who often employed as many as four men to help him, did a flourishing business in the early 1870's. His assistants were: John Palmer, later succeeded by his son, John Palmer Jr., Shackel Palmer and William Reith. Mr. Taylor came from Scotland and lived first on the seventh Concession and afterwards in the Village. He and Mrs. Taylor had three children: Jane (Mrs. Jobbitt), Dugald Jr. and Alexander. Shackel Palmer married Margaret Macnab and their family were: Isabella (Mrs. Thomas Gregg) and William, of Claremont. James Jobbitt, son-in-law of Dugald Taylor, continued in the business and was in partnership with J.W. Gregg and E.M. Palmer. After Mr. Jobbitt's death in 1904, William Palmer continued in the same frame building. Dan Alger operated a boot and shoe store just south of the drug store in 1907-08. He also painted board fences and on one of these he painted "Alger sells for less." He only lasted two years in the business. SPECIALTY STORE In 1947, Mr. and Mrs. Clare Keevil decided to sell their direct-mail business in Toronto and move to the country. They bought out the store formerly owned by Mrs. Brooks, which was a store and tea-room combined. They closed out the tea-room and began to introduce new products and services. They handled paint, stationery and a number of gift items — Mr. Keevil called it a "specialty" store. In June 1948, they published a flyer, the Keevil News. After two or three issues, they found several other merchants in town wanting to do some promotional advertising. They changed the name to Claremont News and began to include local items concerning social gatherings, visitors to town and church functions, but avoiding political and religious subjects. Clare refused to accept subscrip- tions but two local men threw a dollar bill at him and said, "I'm a subscriber". Finally, two hundred people requested the flyer and the Keevils published it every week, rain or shine. Clare and Blanche Keevil had two children: Anne and William. Mrs. Keevil now resides in Mount Albert. TAILORS William Watson was the first known tailor to do business in Claremont; this was around 1869. Then about the turn of the century, Fred Farmer opened a shop opposite the United Church. There he made suits, did cleaning and pressing very efficiently, and had a thriving business. TINSMITHING AND HARDWARE John Bundy was a native of England and settled in Claremont about 1860. His son, Joshua, was the only tinsmith in Claremont for many years and from here, he went to Pickering Village but returned later. In 1885, Alexander Dowswell, son of Ambrose (the hotel keeper) leased the Claremont Foundry and began making castings, giving special attention to repairs of all kinds of mill and agricultural machinery. He had been connected with the establishment of Massey & Co., Toronto, and thoroughly understood this business. Then he became the owner and operator of Claremont Hardware. At that time, it was located on the west side of Main Street, between the residence of Mr. Joshua Bundy and a market place operated by Mr. LeFraugh. In 1906, Mr. Charles Sargent bought the store but due to an expanding business, he soon needed more property. He purchased a frame house on the south-west corner of Main Street and Henry Street from Mr. Astridge, the clockmaker. The house was moved back, a foundation was poured, the hardware store moved and placed on the new foundation. Then, the Sargent living quarters, instead of being above the store, were in a frame house at the back. The apartment above the store was renovated and became the Lodge Hall, for a short time. Mr. Sargent was not only a merchant but a journeyman tinsmith and a plumber. (Mr. Cecil Ingleton and Mr. Richard Page were employed there for years.) Mrs. Sargent clerked in the store. Binder twine and wire fencing were sold by the carload and these were unloaded at the railway station at North Claremont. Stove pipes were made by the hundreds in the tinshop, also sap pails, milk pails and eavestroughing. In 1912, Mr. Sargent bought a McLaughlin touring car (the second car in Claremont). Always doubtful whether it could make the hills, Mrs. Sargent and her daughters walked, and he drove up in the car. He later bought a half-ton Ford truck and having no sons to deliver the goods, Isabel (Mrs. Frank Burkholder) and Violet (Mrs. J. V. Fry), in their early teens, made deliveries as far away as Brooklin, Dunbarton and Sandford. Mr. Sargent's other interest was farming. Illustrations: Sargent's Hardware Being Moved & Sargent's Hardware in Claremont -1917. Charles Sargent, Mrs. Sargent, Isobel, Violet and Jean Graham In 1920, he sold the store and moved to Toronto. Two years later he bought a hardware store in Markham, and was soon making the Sargent coal and wood stoves and furnaces well-known over a wide area. Frank Cooper was born in the stone store at the Claremont intersection. Following his marriage, he continued as a blacksmith for a number of years, later taking to the farm. He occupied a number of locations in Pickering Township and spent fifteen years on the Cooper homestead on the ninth Concession. He was a tinsmith, and in 1920 purchased the Hardware Store from Mr. Sargent. Upon retiring, he helped his son Charles in this business. Charles Cooper bought the Hardware Store in 1926. In addition to the hardware line, the business represented McCormack (later known as International Harvester) farm implements. Charlie handled the Harvester line of equipment for forty years. In 1946 he became the first President of O.R.F.E.D.A. (Ontario Retail Farm Equipment Dealers' Association) and was one of its most active members and supporters. Mr. Cooper was also the dealer for Durant cars and when these went out of existence, he took over the dealership for Chrysler, Dodge and Plymouth motor cars, along with Fargo trucks. Within the next two months he became a General Motors dealer. Charlie sold as many as one hundred cars per year and found the car dealership a valuable asset to his over-all business. In 1963, he received a plaque commemorating twenty-five years as a General Motors car dealer. Mr. Cooper was interested in all community organizations and at one time was President of the Claremont Business Men's Association, which sponsored the annual Santa Claus parade. He left a legacy of vigour, enthusiasm, and total personal support of all business and community activities. He married Mildred Carson, who lives west of Claremont on the ninth Concession. Those employed by Charlie for a considerable length of time included: Earle Cook, Charles Redshaw, Jack Haughie, Clark Vanstone, and Charlie's brother, Richard (Dick). After his death in 1964, Dick operated the store. In 1973 it burned to the ground and Claremont lost one of its oldest landmarks. VARIETY STORE John Brignall was the first person to operate a Variety Store, as such, in Claremont. He purchased the house and store located at the corner of Henry Street and the Brock Road, in 1947. It was a combination barber shop, pool-room and confectionery. Later Harold Loyst took it over. In 1962, Kenneth Jones bought the property and along with his wife, the former Gloria Beverley, managed the business. Ken had driven for Gray Coach Lines for a period of twenty-one years. Illness forced his early retirement and he died in 1974. They had three children: Leanore (Mrs. Keith Postill), Eric and Howard. Meanwhile, in 1967, Mrs. Patricia French became the owner of the Variety Store. The pool- room had been disposed of and the building was remodelled to handle groceries. She had a successful business but closed the shop in the summer of 1974. WAGONMAKERS Toward the end of the nineteenth century, William Spencer turned out as many as thirteen finished wagons from his shop in one season. It was situated between David Street and Henry Street on the Brock Road. William Dowswell was also an accomplished wagonmaker in the 1860's and 70's. William, son of Ambrose Dowswell, was a wheelwright in Claremont but sold his business to Mr. Thomas Patterson in 1906. In 1884 he raised, by public subscription, enough money to build the first sidewalk to the C.P.R. station. The lumber was secured from Barry's mill, south of the Village. WELDERS After the loss of the foundry, owned by Messrs. Ward, Dodwell and Saunders in 1890, Mr. Saunders began repairing machinery in W.J. Graham's shop. The following notice was placed in the Pickering News: "Farmers can have their reapers repaired in the field by calling me at any hour of the day. Now is the time to have work done when a first-class mechanic can be had by merely calling for him — his prices are reasonable." Two weeks later this announcement was made, "Mr. Saunders has left the village and does not intend to further pursue the machine business in our midst." Jack Ward, son of Mr. and Mrs. Roy Ward, opened up the first welding shop in Claremont in 1949. It is located on Wixson Street. In addition to general welding, Jack has designed and built several manure compositors for mushroom farms, Dominion Mushroom Co. Ltd., being the main outlet. Others have been manufactured for farms as far away as Ottawa. Fillers, conveyors and steam racks are also built by Jack for these farms. Making one of these compositors is an art in itself. It is a huge machine used to mix hay, brewers' grain, etc. with gypsum and water. This mixture is processed until ripe and then used on the mushroom beds. When Jack first started making these machines, Dominion gave the contract to a friend. The machine never worked and caused the company a great deal of time and expense. Jack has had the contract since that time. John Drake, son of Mr. and Mrs. Keith Drake, is presently employed in this business. Jack Ward married Bernice McAvoy in 1954 and they have three children: Shelley, Nancy and Brent. WOODWORKERS Among the woodworkers in 1869, were Alex Scene and Dan Gerow, who made coffins for the pioneers, and Dan's son, George, continued in this business for several years. George Bundy was an accomplished joiner and cabinetmaker and was later succeeded by J.H. Beal. In the contracting business were William Leaper, James Paterson and Thomas Paterson. William Leaper, who built the William Palmer house, was one of the finest carpenters in the district. This house is an excellent example of the workmanship of earlier days. In 1893. Tom Paterson built the house now occupied by William (Bill) Newman, at Balsalm. The Patersons conducted business in the same building now occupied by Thomas (Tom) Hammond. From the time Tom Paterson knew which end of a hammer to use, he applied his trade in and around Claremont as his father, James Paterson, ahd done before him. Some years ago, a tale was told about this same Tom Patersor - "The Pickering News Reporter had been in the habitatual practice, for over sixty years, of driving to Claremont by horse and cutter or buggy, to gather the news. Only impossible weather interferred with that weekly trip. One regular call was at the woodworking shop of a finegentlemen, Thomas Paterson, On entering the shop one winter morning, Mr. Murkar saw a group of eight or ten men sitting around the old box stove which sat in the middle of the wood-carvings-covered floor. They were sitting on nail kegs, boxes, etc. and discussing the town gossip. About twenty-five years later, Mr. Murkar's son made the same weekly trip. On entering the same woodworking shop, he beheld much the same crowd sitting around the old stove and still talking town gossip. Tom stood at his work bench. The time was something around 11.30. He gave his head a toss and whispered to young Mr. Murkar, 'Watch this.' He reached up tp the wall, took down a hand saw, placed it in his vise and proceeded with a three corner file, to sharpen that saw, making a 'gosh-awful' screech. First one of his guests got up saying 'it must be mail time', another 'I remember saying the missus told me to get a pound of butter for dinner' and so on - each one had some reason for leaving. When the last one had gone. Tom took up his unfinished saw, hung it back on the wall, and said. 'It works every time.' This was the surest way he had found of emptying his shop." In 1943, Tom Hammond purchased the carpenter shop and equipment from Mr. Paterson. Elmer Shrink excelled in fine carpentry and much to his workmanship may be seen throughout area. Richard (Dick) Ward was employed by him upon leaving school and he has aquired much of Mr. Shrink's skill in this trade. There was many stone-masons in the early 1900's and even earlier: Jonas Rawson, George Found, Harry Found, Albert Rawson, William Anderson and Albert Mantle. Most of the older homes in the area have been built by these men. William Hardy later took up the trade. John Devitt has continued in this business, along with the Winterstein brothers, Ray and John. Howard Burton, son of Mr. and Mrs. Norman Burton, had a sash and frame manufacturing business on the corner of his father's farm (Lot 19, Conc. 7) until 1968. He handled thousands of board feet of lumber annually. Then, he ended the lumber business and now repairs and sells all road equipment, including graders and bulldozers. Many more working at this trade could be mentioned: Gordon Brooks, Robert Hockley, Robert Beelby and Murray Carson. Structures built by these men are throughout this area. Peter White has become an accomplished cement finishing contractor, and Clarence Beelby is skilled in this trade. They are both residents of Claremont. MEDICAL DOCTORS Dr. Hall was the first doctor to serve the Claremont area but very little is known about him. Dr. William Milne was the next medical practitioner. He was the son of George Milne and Catharine Dow, who had settled on Lot 26, Conc. 6, Pickering. They had emigrated from Scotland. William taught school for a number of years in the Township, and afterwards practised medicine in Claremont until his death in 1882. His daughter Jennie, married Dr. Eastwood. At the time of his death he was only forty-three years of age. Dr. D.W. Ferrier was the son of William and Cynthia Ferrier. He was born in 1833, and after graduating from Victoria College, he began to practise in Brougham in 1862. He was commissioned associate coroner of Ontario County in 1879. From 1882 to 1892, he worked in Claremont and while here, both he and his wife were very active in the Sons of Temperance. He then moved to Toronto and practised medicine there. Dr. Eastwood practised in Claremont around 1900 and also had a pharmacy next to the drug store. Here, he went almost blind and a Mr. Linton filled the prescriptions for the Claremont residents and those of the surrounding area. The boys of the village delighted in bothering the doctor. One day, after they had sampled most of his delicious apples and plums, he decided that it was his turn to play the game. He picked some of the fruit himself, pressed a needle full of laxative medicine into each one, and waited. Needless to say, the boys never again touched his fruit and his business improved considerably in the next few days. Dr. Eastwood established his own private telephone line and had connections with Balsam, Greenwood, Brougham, A. Johnston's (Conc. 7), Wm. Cowie's (Conc. 7), and D. Pugh's (Conc. 9). He was also an Issuer of Marriage Licences. Illustration: Dr. and Mrs. George Brodie & Dr. Ralph Brodie Dr. George Brodie practised medicine in Claremont from 1890 until 1902. He had taught school at Brougham from 1882 to 1884. He married Ada Fifield and had one son, Horace, who is now living in Florida. Later Dr. Brodie moved to Woodstock, Ontario, where he practised as an eye, ear and nose specialist until his death. Dr. Ralph Brodie succeeded his brother in 1902. He was born in 1864 on the ninth Concession of Whitchurch, just north of Bloomington. He attended Collingwood High School and taught at Almira, Bowmanville, and four years at Brougham. He graduated in medicine in 1893 and opened a practice at Wyoming, Ontario. In 1902 he moved to Claremont where he remained until his death, the result of an automobile accident. In 1916 Dr. Brodie was making a professional call on the eighth Concession when his car suddenly skidded and crashing through the railing at Barry's Bridge, rolled down the twenty-foot embankment. He emerged from the wreck and proceeded south. He reached the eighth Concession and called for assistance. His cries brought Mr. Fred Pugh who had started out in search of him. Two days later he was down in the village joking in his usual jovial manner and upon returning home, complained of feeling unwell and died within a few minutes. Dr. Brodie will always be remembered as a devoted public servant and for his generous self-sacrifice to his patients. He married Mary E. Forsyth, daughter of Daniel and Rachel Forsyth, and their children included: Ralph, Dora (Mrs. Seaver), Mildred and Lois. Dr. J. Herbert Kidd practised in Claremont in 1907, and had an office in Alexander Morgan's residence, opposite the Methodist Church. Dr. Caldwell then practised in Claremont for a short while. He enlisted in World War I and Claremont was without a doctor until 1919, when Dr. N.F. Tomlinson came. He has been practising since then. Illustration: - Dr. C.J. Brodie (Veterinarian) - Dr. Eugene Underhill VETERINARIANS Thomas Graham, Veterinary Surgeon, had an office at the establishment of Graham Bros., west of Claremont, in 1896. Previous to this, Dr. Charles Brodie, graduate of the Ontario Veterinary College, began practising in Claremont. He was the eldest son of James and Matilda Brodie, of whom, four sons were veterinarians, one a druggist, and two medical doctors. From 1875 until well over thirty years, he continued in Claremont, then he moved to Chazy, New York, to be the veterinarian for the Miner Farm, where he died in 1917. Dr. Brodie married Priscilla Tracy and they had four children: Melville, Emma, Frank, and Ralph. Dr. George Brewster was the next veterinarian in Claremont (around 1914-15), followed by Dr. Breton Love. Dr. Love boarded with Miss Emma Brown until his marriage to Ethel Burton. He was the last practising veterinarian in Claremont, leaving here around 1915 to go to war. His wife died before he returned. They had one daughter, Muriel Maxine. OPTICIAN Robert E. Forsyth, son of Rachel and Daniel Forsyth, practised Optometry in Claremont and Toronto for many years. His office in Claremont was originally in the Barry Public House, north of the C.P.R. tracks. He also repaired watches and clocks. In 1904 he operated a Gent's Furnishings store in the same location. "From the head down, he handled a full line of spring hats, spring shirts (coloured and white) and spring footwear. A call at the store convinced the most fastidious that R.E. Forsyth's, North Claremont, was the place to get the right goods at the right price"¹ Robert ¹ Pickering News, 1904 Illustration: Mrs. M. Brown with some of her Boarders: Harry Porter (Barber), M.J. Wilker (Continuation School Principal), Dr. Breton Love (Veterinarian), Thomas Birkett (Insurance) and Widmer Miller (Railroad Worker) was married to Edna Caster and they had two children, June (Mrs. F.J. Button) of Stouffville, and Anna (Mrs. C.J. Clarke), of Windsor. He was an enthusiastic bowler and curler, a member of the Rameses Shrine in Toronto for fifty-four years and a life member of the Shrine Ladder of Smiles in support of the Shriners' Hospital for Crippled Children. DENTISTS Dr. D.C. Smith, father of Dr. Neil Smith, of Stouffville, came to Claremont one-half day per week to practise dentistry before Neil was born. Dr. Dales was the next dentist in Claremont. He was the son of the medical practitioner of Stouffville and he came to Claremont once a week after the turn of the century. Then, a Dr. Graham opened an office on the corner of Brock and Joseph Streets (the old bake-shop). Dr. Eugene Underhill, son of Mr. and Mrs. John Underhill and grandson of Mr. and Mrs. George Cooper, was the next dentist to practise in Claremont. He was born on a farm in this area but had moved to Aurora at an early age where his father worked in the shoe factory, which was owned by the Underhills, relatives of John. After Gene graduated from university, in 1922, he came to Claremont, one day each week, but soon found his practice in Aurora was sufficient, and abandoned his work here. Shortly Illustration: Business Men of Claremont - 1910 Back Row: R.E. Forsyth, T. Birkett, M. Henderson, R.W. Ward, G.M. Forsyth, N.F. Tomlinson, A. Wilson, J.S. Bundy. 2nd Row: S. Robbins, J.H. Beat, C.J. Brodie V.S., Rev. W.R. Wood, Rev. R. Duke, Rev. J.R. Grant, George Samis, T. Stephenson, J. Gerow. 3rd Row: W.M. Palmer, D. Hopper, Dr. R. Brodie, D. Forsyth, P. Macnab, Dr. H. Kidd, N. Burton, S. Rumohr. 4th Row: J. Macnab, J.W. Gregg, C. Sargent, J.S. Farmer, T. Gregg, W. Graham, J. Underhill, I. Powell, W. Coates. 5th Row: T. Gibbons, T. Patterson, J. Bundy, F. Farmer, R. Bryan and W. Thompson. after this, he married Elma Naylor of Aurora, and they had two children, Carol and Eugene Jr. (now practising dentistry in Newmarket). Eugene died while quite young. On March 1, 1927, Dr. Neil Smith became the dentist in Claremont, practising in a room over the Corner Store. He drove his horse and buggy twice a week to the Village to fill and extract his patients' teeth. At that time, pupils attending the Claremont Continuation class, waited in his office for the train that would take them back home to Dagmar or Pontypool. Dr. Smith closed up shop in 1939, to enlist in the Second World War. When he resumed practice in Stouffville, many former patients turned to him for professional services. CHAPTER 11 Recreation Recreation has always played a major role in the lives of the people around Claremont. When the settlers first came to North Pickering, life would have been very monotonous and farm life isolated had it not been for the social activities. In the spring there were the taffy-pulls and the sugaring-off parties. Everyone gathered at the McFarlane farm (Lot 20, Conc. 9) with their saucers and spoons ready to taste the newly-made syrup. In the summer, they had logging-bees followed by an old-fashioned hoedown. Tables, chairs and cupboards were moved to one side to make room for the dancing, and when the fiddler played "Turkey in the Straw" and the caller shouted "select your partner", the fun had just begun. Puffing and panting and having the time of their lives, they danced through one square after another. "Swing the feller that stole the sheep, Dance to the one that drawed it home, Salute the one that had the beef, Swing the dog that gnawed the bone." Every community had one or more fiddlers and they played waltzes, jigs and hornpipes until the wee small hours. Ira Boyer owned the first gramophone in Claremont, complete with huge tin horn and "his master's voice". Songs such as "When you and I were young Maggie" could be heard at every get-together at the Boyers. In the autumn, there were the paring-bees and in the winter, the sleighing parties, which always ended in an upset. The evening's fun was always concluded with coffee, sandwiches and most likely lemon tarts or chocolate cake with ice-cream. The early Methodists looked upon dancing and euchre as very worldly and sinful forms of entertainment. Most young folk had learned to dance, although their parents would have been surprised if they had known. Often, in the barn on a rainy day, they practised "threading the needle", "wringing the dishcloth", or maybe learning the "two-step". Bill Or- Illustration - Sugaring-Off Party at the McFarlanes, Lot 20, Conc. 9. merod, who lived on the Paul Wellman farm, was a Methodist, born and bred, but whenever his parents went to town, Bill invited some of his pals in for a game of euchre, making sure that someone watched for his parents' return. If caught, his life was sure to be doomed. Hunting and fishing were common forms of entertainment in this area. Samuel Boyer was one of the early settlers who delighted in tracking down a bear or a wolf. The streams in this district fairly teemed with trout and Tommy Thomson (who lived on the Morgan Evans farm), and Peter Macnab, devoted most of their spare time to fishing. They often set out at four in the morning and did not return until "tea-time". Many of the old cronies spent their evenings playing checkers in the barber shop. In the 1860's, a small group travelled to Ashburn for informal matches. Robert Porter and Duncan Macnab were two of the more advanced players who represented Claremont and the Rev. Mr. John Baird excelled locally in this game. Summer was the time for picnics. Any excuse was enough to bring your neighbours from their homes with a picnic basket. Huge family gatherings celebrated a child's birthday. At that time most families consisted of eight or ten children and it would be quite an occasion — ladies in their long, bustled skirts, holding very colourful umbrellas, and men in their best suits and spats. Later, excursions were made from the dock at Toronto to Niagara or Port Dalhousie, returning in the early morning hours. From 1880 on, there was more and more leisure time for the ladies to spend on hobbies such as sewing, embroidery, knitting, and painting china. All girls were required to do embroidery, and they made pincushions, pillow-shams, wash-stand covers, and tea cosies. Most of these were made of white cotton. Printing such as "God Bless Our Home" or "Love Thy Neighbour", was done in red stitching. Sewing was done by seamstresses now that money and material had become more plentiful. Many learned the art of tatting, crocheting, knitting, etc. Young girls were taught the art of making samplers which usually contained either a verse or a proverb, embroidered on unbleached cotton in the finest possible stitchery. Some of these are still found in homes around the country. Painting china became a popular pastime. Mrs. William Birkett excelled at this, painting wild flowers, leaves and all types of designs on plates, glassware, etc. Photography was enjoyed by most people. Men and women liked to have a portrait taken of themselves to hang up in the parlour along with those of their grandparents. Quilt-making and rug-hooking were practised in most homes. Crazy quilts were common. At least two would be made every winter and rugs were hooked or braided for every floor of the house. Illustration: Balsam Bicycle Club (picture taken in Claremont): Fred Disney, William Balsdon, Fred Myer, - Walker, Henry Madill, George Madill, Ira Lawrence and William (Willie) Miller. Mrs. Milton Benson became an expert at this art and her work was admired by everyone. Tea parties were very fashionable — invitations were sent out and a reply expected within a few days. At these parties it was very improper to just sit and talk — you must embroider or knit so that no time was wasted. Cricket became a very popular sport in Claremont. Duncan Macnab, the three Farmer brothers, and Noah Sink were enthusiastic cricketers. Matches were played between Brougham and Claremont and the fans were treated to many action-filled performances. Other players from Claremont included: A. Taylor, G. James, D. Palmer, W. Wood, P. Digby, R. Lancaster and W. Benze. Quoits were also played in Claremont about that time — among the players were N. Burton, C. Russell, and T. Pilkey. Claremont boasted two baseball teams — a senior and a junior with Alexander Taylor, William Morden and Fred Farmer among the best performers, but baseball never did gain popularity until the 1930's. The reigning sport in the township during the summer months was football. Claremont's first football club was organized in 1885 with John Illustration: Claremont Football Team - 1909 -Back Row: JJ. Harvey (Mgr.), John Gerow, Reuben Besse, Fred Cowie, William Wallace (Hon. Pres.) Centre: Robert Leggett, John Wagg, Nelson Tomlinson, Thomas Birkett (Captain). Front Row: Ross Richardson, Fred Evans, Ross Soden and John Farmer. Intermediate South Ontario Champions. D. Forsyth as Captain and William Murdock, Treasurer. Among the enthusiasts at that time were Reuben Rawson, W. Mitchell, Albert Mitchell, Thomas Johnson, G. Burgess, John Moran, James Underhill, and Robert Mitchell. Matches were played with various neighbouring teams and a famous tournament was held in 1886, Claremont taking the honours and holding them for a few years. Two of the famed 1909 football team still living in Claremont are Fred Evans and Dr. N.F. Tomlinson. In that year the Claremont football team won the Intermediate South Ontario championship and from that time on they held their own. The park was lined with people having arrived by horse and buggy or walked for miles. Everyone in the area came to see them play. When the team played at Uxbridge, Billy Wallace followed the bus with his horse and buggy, chanting his favourite verse: "When you're living Live in clover When you're dead You're dead all over." Mr. Winton White, a former Claremont resident now living at Balsam, was a member of the Green River Shamrocks team. The first cup was won at Brooklin and after a long series of local victories, the team entered the Ontario Association under the management of Fred Hornshaw and won league championships in the years 1907, 1909, and 1910. In 1907 and 1910 they played in the final games of the Ontario Association, taking second place in the province. In 1911, the soccer team of Claremont played for a $50 prize at Stouffville's First of July celebration and defeated the famous Green River Shamrocks. Soccer was "the" game during the first years of the park and it lasted until softball became popular. Games were played with teams from the surrounding areas such as Goodwood, Green River, Oshawa, Pickering, and sometimes even Toronto. Tennis was played early in the 1900's in Claremont. The first court was situated behind the bank, and another was soon established on Miss Mary Macnab's lawn. Later, one was made in the north-west corner of the park where they played for several years. Dr. Tomlinson also built a court at the rear of his house and this was used by his family and friends until 1972. Among the first players were: Reuben Besse, Mr. Samis (Bank Manager), Ray Rumohr and Percy Rickaby; later, Rowena Cooper (now Mrs. Frank Barclay), Sam Fingold, Dr. Neil Smith and some of his friends from Stouffville. Dr. Tomlinson was always a keen competitor. They travelled to Uxbridge, Aurora, and Newmarket to play, and took part in many tournaments. Illustrations: Tennis at the Macnabs & Claremont Curling Club: Back Row -David Hopper, George Gerow, John Gregg, Centre Row: Dr. Charles Brodie, Duncan Macnab, R.P. Hopper, Front Row: Bill Dowswell and Bill Leaper. Around 1880, croquet parties were very fashionable, held on the lawns of some of the more well-to-do residents. At the turn of the century, a box-ball alley was operated where French's Variety Store now stands and the Claremont Band practised on the second floor. An ice rink was located just north of the Park and Claremont had a very enthusiastic curling club there. Among the members were: Dave Hopper, George Gerow, John Gregg, Dr. Charlie Brodie, Duncan Macnab, Bill Leaper, Dr. Ralph Brodie. In the early nineties, a skating rink was built (south of Wm. Welsh's house) and in 1896 it was superseded by a new rink built by Mr. Leaper north of the present park. All the gay blades from six to sixty came to Claremont on a Saturday night to skate — whirling about in skating step, to the music of the Claremont Band. Later on, two of the best acrobatic skaters for miles around were Mac Middleton and Orville Cox. They could do anything on skates comparable to "Frick and Frack" of the Ice Capades. Among the best pleasure skaters were George Middleton, Joe Empringham and Mabel Evans, but for speed no one could compare with Bill Evans. Pleasure skating has almost become a thing of the past in Claremont but a few, such as Al and Lois Murray, and Martin and Margaret Gall, still enjoy a Saturday night with the "Old Timers" at Centennial, Markam or Uxbridge. Fred Peddie was the only notable figure-skater of this district. He participated in many carnivals, and in 1967, he and Anne O'Neill became "Runner-up junior pair champions of Central Ontario" and "Runner-up novice pair champions of Canada". Lawn bowling was first played on Mr. George Scott's lawn. Here, Peter Macnab and Dick Howe would team up against any challenging duo, and before the game got underway, Mr. Howe would say boastfully, "I and Pete will take you on". The bowling club is still very active, holding euchres every other Tuesday night all winter and as soon as fine weather comes, the members can be seen in action. They include Tom Hammond, Bill Evans, Earle Cook, Ernie Baker, Laura Reynolds and Margaret Baker. New floodlights were installed at the bowling green in 1971 and tournaments are held almost every week. In Claremont, as in most small communities, Hallowe'en was the time when all the idle young folk of the neighbourhood gathered in groups to torment a few of the elderly. On one occasion, when the bandstand was on the south-west corner of the Claremont intersection, the young fry took sheep from a nearby farm, along with a wheelbarrow full of pumpkins, and put them together in this small structure. Another time, they took Mr. F's wagon and rack and placed them on top of the old stone store and another time they turned Mr. P's cultivator axles upside-down. It took him all of the following day to decide what was wrong. Every year, it was customary to upset Mr. H's outdoor privy. One time, after completing the chore and Illustration: Glen Major Anglers Club - Osiers – 1900 hurrying to get away, one of the pranksters slipped and fell. That was the end of that particular prank. Some even disguised themselves and wearing horrible masks and weird costumes, they rattled upon the windows and doors, scaring the householder half to death. Sleigh-riding parties were always fun-filled events in the country. One bitterly cold winter's night, the young people of the community gathered at the Evans' farm. From there, they proceeded to the Winter Ice Carnival at Stouffville, packed on the sleigh like sardines in a tin. Upon reaching the bend at the ninth Concession and the Markham-Pickering townline, the tractor skidded and the sleigh overturned and all were thrown into the snowbank. Literally covered with snow and freezing from cold, they climbed back on the sleigh and rode on to their destination. Badminton was started in the late twenties by Miss Mabel McLellan and Dr. Tomlinson. Members at the time included: Mr. and Mrs. Magnus Morgan, Mrs. Dopking, Mr. and Mrs. Wilker, Rev. McLellan, Dr. and Mrs. Tomlinson and Dr. Neil Smith of Stouffville. They had games with Whitby Mental Hospital, Markham, Uxbridge, Blackstock and even one game in Toronto at St. Clement's Church. Some idle boys from Claremont School cut the badminton net one day and their teacher, Mr. Wilker, requested that they pay for it — the total amount was colleced in pennies. In 1948, another Badminton Club was formed in Claremont. The following officers were elected: Pres. — Earle Cook, Vice-Pres. — Dick Cooper, Secty. — Joan Sanderson. The officers for the Junior Club were: Wilf Morley, Doug Sutherland, Marian Middleton, Joy Parmeter, with Mr. R.C. Baker as President. This sport was very popular and lasted several years. After the opening of Claremont Memorial Park, field days were an annual event. In 1925, a field day and concert was held in Claremont. Football was open to all leagues in Southern Ontario. Prizes included eleven lap rugs, nine pairs of softball shoes, nine boxes of chocolates, etc. Markham Drama Club put on the concert for $20 and the admission fee was 25¢. The Sports Committee in July 1932 included: Fred Cowie (football), H.G. Mclntyre (lacrosse), Fred Evans (baseball), Walter Kerr (racing), and Len Lye (horse-shoe pitching). Claremont Horticultural Society was formed in 1926 and carried on for a number of years. A Dance Club was organized in the twenties and it was through this club that all of the electrical fixtures were contributed to the Community Hall, when hydro was installed in 1927. Mr. Wilker and Mr. Mclntyre were very active in this group. In 1932, Mr. Goddard and Mr. Overland were appointed to the new dance committee and the group became known as "The Young People's Social Club". Illustration: Claremont Football Team: Back Row - Raymond Pilkey, W. Wallace (Hon. Pres.), Gordon Gregg, Ernie Bryant (Mgr.) D.A. Scott (Vice Pres.), Fred Evans (Vice Pres.), Robert Forsyth (Vice Pres.), Dr. N.F. Tomlinson (Hon. Pres.) Centre Row -Hugh Gregg, Russ Cowie, Harold Barclay, Magnus Morgan, Jack Scott (Pres.), Ivan Benson, Len Pilkey and Lorne Jones. Front Row -Edgar Ward, Will Evans, Fred Cowie, Ken Reesor, Harvey DeRusha, Frank Barclay and Gordon Riddle. The trophies won in the season of 26 represent -South Ontario Championship; Sinclair Cup and the Brooklin Spring Fair Cup. In 1926, Claremont again took top honours with their football club winning the South Ontario Championship, the Sinclair Cup and the Brooklin Spring Fair Cup. This team included: Fred Cowie, Ken Reesor, Frank Barclay, Hugh Gregg and Ivan Benson. Illustration: Claremont Softball Team - 1935 — Ross Redshaw, Lawrence Norton, Gordon Todd, Douglas Reynolds, Grant Johnston, Robert Miller, Wid. Clark, Gordon Borland, Allan Tomlinson, Gordon Gauslin and Gary Evans. A Lacrosse Team was organized around 1933 by Mr. Robert McLeod and it included such players as: Joe Ward, Jack Mundell, Ben Kilpatrick, Ross Redshaw and Bert Dunn. They played teams from Goodwood and Brooklin but only lasted two or three years. Baseball became very popular by the end of the thirties and the fans were given some never-to- be-forgotten moments. Robert Miller, who was famous for his slow-ball pitch and Gordon Borland, the catcher, along with such names as Lloyd Pugh, Gord Todd, Ross Redshaw and Gord Gauslin, played in as many as fifty games per season and won many trophies. Then, Brougham organized a team of their own. With Lloyd Pascoe on the mound, and Dave Beverley behind the plate, the Claremont team won the Pickering Township Softball League Championship in 1945. Floodlights were erected in the park and a special evening was planned in 1953. "Ted" Kennedy, a former Maple Leaf hockey player, was the guest of honour. Crowds of people thronged the park and Mrs. Vex Middleton won the prize for the oldest person attending. Fred Lewis won first prize and Randy Carruthers second prize for the largest family in attendance. A television set (a rare commodity in the household at that time) was won by Edgar Evans. In 1952, the Claremont Community Baseball League was formed. In the beginning there were four teams — Altona, Greenwood, the fourth Con- Illustration: Claremont Baseball Club - 1963 - Back Row: Pete Carruthers, Larry Vernon, Alan Redshaw, Bruce Norton, Ted Redshaw, Bruce Redshaw, Ron Evans, Jim Redshaw, Front Row: Gord McDowell, Grant Morgan, Ken Mclntosh, Earl Pilkey, Frank Hendy, Wes Evans and Ron Hedges. cession of Uxbridge and Claremont, and Altona took the championship. Gradually more and more teams entered and crowds thronged the park. Claremont won the championship in both 1955 and 1963. A Claremont Recreation Club was organized in 1956, and in 1963 the name was changed to the Claremont Community Centre Board. Five persons were appointed to the new organization that would take charge of activities previously conducted by the Park Board, the Recreation Association and the Community Association. The members included: Bob Madill, Irene Rennie, Bob Hockley, George Pearsall and Reg Sanderson. This club has since changed back to the Claremont Recreation Club. It sponsored swimming instruction for many classes of local and area school children. They were held at "Bakers Acres", North Claremont, and Mrs. Helen Vizely was the instructor. For a few years, the Claremont Business Men sponsored a Santa Claus Parade and hundreds of spectators came from far and near. Every school, store and organization was represented. Then in 1962, a change was made. A Christmas Variety Show was prepared and standing-room audiences were treated to a family participation program that surpassed any in rural Ontario. Hockey has never gained popularity in Claremont due to the lack of a rink but a bush league team has represented the village annually at Ux- Illustration: Claremont 1973 ORSA Pee Wee Girl's Champions: Back Row - Alan Redshaw, Carole Redshaw, Terri Pilkey, Janice Lehman, Cindy Ball, Maryanne Kennedy, Sheila McDowell, Mary Borland (Mgr.) Front Row: Jean Jordan, Judy Allbright, Jacqueline Kennedy, Vicki MacDonald, Lori Redshaw, Kathy Blow and Shelley Ward. bridge. This team includes: Dean Evans, Jack Redshaw, Ron Hedge, Ron Evans, and gives the fans some exciting times. In October, 1972, a campaign to complete the erection of an open-air recreation centre in the park was spearheaded by the Claremont Lions Club. It officially opened in 1973, accommodating such activities as hoc- Shelley Ward - Snow Princess key, skating and tennis. In the winter, the centre has become a hive of activity and children enjoy the outdoor sport. Baseball has regained popularity in Claremont. There are now nineteen teams, ranging from five years of age to Juvenile, with coaches and assistant coaches, battling it out with other teams in the league. The organization is capably handled by such people as Mrs. George McKenzie, Mrs. Alan Redshaw and Mrs. Gordon Borland. Out of this league, the Claremont Pee-Wee Girls Softball team won the Ontario Rural Softball Association championships in both 1972 and 1973. In 1973, Sheila McDowell of R.R. 2, Claremont, received the "Ken Ward Memorial Award" for all-round general proficiency, including sports and academics at Claremont Public School. Sheila was keenly interested in sports. It was only fitting that a student such as this should receive the award in memory of a man who devoted his life to all activities in the village. SPECIAL EVENTS CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF THE TOWNSHIP At the municipal nomination meeting held at Brougham on December 26, 1910, a resolution endorsing the proposal of a centennial celebration of the township was presented by the Rev. W.R. Wood, of Claremont. This motion was seconded by R.R. Mowbray, of Kinsale, and it was carried unanimously. On March 7th, a committee was appointed to plan the celebration and to appoint sub- committees. It was decided that the celebration be held at Brougham on the 22nd and 23rd of June, 1911. The executive committee was: R.R. Mowbray, Reeve (Chairman), Thomas Poucher, Donald R. Beaton, W.G. Scott, Deputy-Reeve, E.B. Hoover, W.W. Sparks, Alex Wilson, W.G. Barnes, J.A. O'Connor, W.J. Clark, A.J. Allison, Wm. Thorn, George Davidson, Wesley Gee, F.L. Green, D.S. Turner, Richard Ward, G.M. Forsyth, and John Scott. Invitations were sent to hundreds of friends throughout the country. On Thursday, the Coronation Day of King George V, things got under way. A religious service was held in the morning with the Centennial Choir, chosen from all parts of the township, taking part. The Rev. John Abraham, D.D. of Whitby and the Rev. Van Norman of Stouffville, gave the addresses. The afternoon meeting included many speeches and musical selections, two of the latter presented by Stouffville Harmonic Orchestra. Then, at 3.30 p.m., races and junior football matches were held. The Grand Concert in the auditorium tent was held at 8 p.m. R.E. Forsyth sang "in excellent voice". He rendered several selections and was Illustrations: Pickering Township Centennial Choir -1911 & Pickering Township Centennial Committee – 1911 one of the main attractions. A quartette composed of Messrs. R.E. Forsyth, N.F. Tomlinson, Evans Ward, and W.E.P. Chamberlain, was very popular. On Friday, June 23rd, a religious service, presided over by the Rev. Richard Duke, of Claremont, started off the day's program. The Centennial Choir sang several selections and addresses were given by the Rev. A.T. Sowerby, Ph.D., LL.D., and the Rev. J.J. Redditt. In the afternoon a reception of school children took place followed by several addresses. Then children's sports and general athletics followed. Three schools had entered football teams — Kinsale, Claremont and Green River. Claremont defeated Green River for the championship, winning by 1 to 0. In the intermediate football, there were three entries — Pickering, Green River Shamrocks, and Claremont Thistles. After the Pickering team withdrew, Claremont and Green River took the field. One of the best games played in this district for some time was witnessed, and in the final stages of the game the Shamrocks scored one goal. They secured the gold medals and the Thistles received the silver medals. Past Years in Pickering, a book written by the Rev. W.R. Wood, especially for the centennial was on sale, the retail price being $1.50, post paid. A display of relics and curios was shown in an old log house which had been erected on the grounds. A few of these included "buckwheat" notes, originally belonging to James W. Sharrard, who came to the township in 1812; a cup and saucer owned by Mrs. Joshua Wixson, and two yards of ribbon that had been passed from Mrs. Wixson to her daughter, Mrs. Sharrard, to her grand-daughter, Mrs. John Barry, to her great granddaughter, Mrs. Daniel Forsyth, to her great, great, grand-daughter, Mrs. (Dr.) Brodie, and to her great, great, great, grand-daughter, Miss Dora Brodie. CLAREMONT MEMORIAL PARK The greatest day in the history of Claremont was Monday, August 6, 1923, when the Memorial Park was formally opened. The day was exceedingly fine and about one thousand people assembled to witness the ceremony as well as to honour those who fell in the Great War, 1914 -1918, and also those who served in that war. In the unavoidable absence of F.H. Richardson, Reeve John Forgie presided and gave a short address. Excellent speeches were delivered by the following men who were prominent in military circles: Major Dr. James Moore of Brooklin, Major W.P. Every of Whitby, Major Chappell of Oshawa and Major Robert Smith of Columbus. The ceremony of unveiling the two tablets, which were placed prominently on the pillars at the entrance to the park, was performed by Colonel G.M. Borden, G.O.C., Military District No. 2. He gave an address on the heroism and other noble qualities of the Canadian soldiers. The bronze tablets are of excellent workmanship and list the names of the fifteen men from the northern part of the Township of Pickering who fell in the Great War, and also the names of the eighty-three men and three nursing sisters who served their country. These tablets are a lasting memorial to the patriotism and self-sacrificing spirit of those who did not hesitate to answer the call of their King and Country. The Rev. A. McLellan and the Rev. A. Osborne, of Chicago, assisted at the ceremony. Patriotic songs were sung by the school children and the audience participated. During the afternoon, a program of sports aroused much interest. The Pickering Junior Football team lost to Claremont, score 1 — 0; the Picker- Illustration: Daisy Duerden - Claremont Centennial – 1938 ing Senior team won from Greenwood, score 1 — 0, and Greenwood won from Claremont, 1 — 0. Then the Pickering Girls' Baseball team defeated Claremont, 23 — 20, and Glen Major, 8 — 3. Excitement ran high all afternoon as each team was weeded out and the winner proclaimed. The concert held in the evening was a great success from an artistic point of view, but as the program was about to begin, a heavy downpour of rain caused the program to be taken to the rink. The soprano solos of Miss Edith Law of Toronto captivated the audience and Frank Oldfield, a popular Toronto baritone, also sang. Mrs. Thomas Birkett performed as accompanist and the Claremont Citizens' Band rendered some stirring numbers during the evening. From a financial standpoint the day was a great success, the receipts being approximately $611. But to the people of Claremont it meant much more than that — it was the day that the residents of Claremont and surrounding area paid homage to those who had served them well. CLAREMONT CENTENNIAL On Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, June 10th, 11th, and 12th, 1938, Claremont's Old Boys and Old Girls came home to celebrate the Centennial of their home town. Over one thousand tickets were sold before the gates at the Memorial Park were opened for registration. The admission fee was 250. Hundreds more poured in before the games were half over on Saturday and visitors from as far away as Victoria, B.C. signed the guest book. Every house in the village was decorated with flags and bunting and there was an air of excitement everywhere. There was a midway with a merry-go-round, and a parade, including decorated bicycles, doll carriages and cars. Claremont Band was there in full dress uniform, performing in the grandstand. They played almost continually from when the gates opened on Friday until the end of the celebration. A booth selling refreshments was set up by the wives of the Parks Committee and the United and Baptist Churches sold meals and refreshments that made their customers' mouths water. Dr. N.F. Tomlinson and Alfred Pretty (the local postmaster) were the main organizers. These two men, with the co-operation of everyone in town (500 in all) organized a celebration that wasn't soon to be forgotten. A collection of pioneer artifacts was displayed in the Masonic Hall and a booklet especially written for the occasion was on sale. This booklet, entitled Claremont - Past and Present was compiled by Mrs. G.M. Forsyth, assisted by others in the community. It was small but full of interesting and historical facts about the village and was a very popular item during the celebration. Many of the younger folk, including Anna Forsyth, a great-great-great-grand- daughter of Joshua Wixson (one of the pioneers of Claremont), took on the pleasant task of selling her mother's book. Mrs. James Hamilton, who was born on the eighth Concession of Pickering Township, was the oldest person there and Tobias Caster, her first cousin, who travelled years before from Goodwood to Claremont to trade at the John Michell store, also attended. Mrs. Elizabeth Gibbons, who told of her father driving a yoke of oxen over the grounds where Memorial Park now stands, was there and William Pile of Myrtle, 95, was the oldest man on the grounds. W.H. Moore, M.P. for Ontario County, was the guest speaker on Friday. Then, on Saturday afternoon, hundreds of people lined the park to watch the many ball games. Dr. Tomlinson took time off from his many duties as chief organizer, to umpire the girls' ball game between Pickering and Uxbridge. On Saturday evening, the Hon. J.D. Conant, Attorney-General and M.L.A. for the constituency, was the guest speaker, after which a concert and dance were held. The concert was outstanding with many local personalities taking part. The program included Bert Harvey, comedian, Miss L. Gammon, soprano, Bill Small, Haw Trio, Peggy Trio, Miss Alma Pugh, Mr. M.J. Wilker, Mrs. Sadler and Vivian, Douglas Brothers, Misses Glover, Johnston and Bacon, John Graham, piper, Mrs. Michael, Misses Jean Ward and Anna Forsyth, Claremont Citizens' Band, and the combined church choirs under the leadership of Mrs. J.E. Glover, wife of the United Church minister. On Sunday, the United and Baptist Churches sponsored a joint service and Mr. C.L. Burton, addressed the audience. At the end of the three-day celebration a message was read from Al and Bob Harvey, noted radio entertainers, who at that time were on tour in England. They, and their father, Bert, were prominent residents of Brougham. Illustration: Claremont Dramatic Club - Mrs. T. Stephenson, Miss Louise Heaslip, Mrs. S. Robbins, Miss F. Hutchison, Miss Lilly Thompson, Miss Lela Rumohr, Miss Mary Morgan, Miss M. Burton, Miss Blanche Cooper, Miss Etta Neal, Mrs. I. Paul, Miss J. Neal, Miss J. Pilkey, A. Leggett and S. Robbins - Cast of Characters. Mabel Bryan and Annie Spoffard helped with music. CENTENNIAL OF CANADA The residents of Claremont rolled out the red carpet for native residents and visitors on June 23rd, and June 24th, 1967, for the Centennial Celebration of Canada. On Saturday morning at least fifteen floats completed a parade that attracted hundreds of viewers. A clown band and the Parade Marshal, Al Roszell, led the parade that began at the Claremont Co-Operative store and extended a mile. Claremont Band, old steam engines, antique cars and horse-drawn vehicles were features. In the afternoon, a hobby show was held in the Community Hall, ball games and novelty races were held in the park and Claremont, in general, was a very busy place. Many residents donned their Centennial costumes for the fashion show held in the evening and the hall was crammed to the doors. The beard-growing contest was a great attraction with Mike Hockley, Allan Redshaw and Ray Ward displaying a very fine growth of hair. A street dance, featuring "Ron Myers and His Country Gentlemen", attracted a huge crowd. On Sunday, the Veterans paraded to the park where hundreds were assembled to witness the Drumhead Service of the Royal Canadian Legion Branch No. 483, and later joined in a combined open-air service, thus bringing the Centennial celebrations to a close. CHAPTER 12 Claremont - A Police Village The population of Claremont in 1907, the year that witnessed the birth of Claremont as a Police Village, was approximately three hundred souls. Within its boundaries many industrial occupations were represented; there were saw-mills, an iron foundry, a carriage-making shop, besides schools, churches, etc. The management of the affairs of the village, however, was still unsatisfactory and the feeling of the majority of the residents became so strong that it was decided to obtain separation from the Township of Pickering. In 1907, a by-law embodying the proposed measure, was introduced and in 1908 Claremont became a Police Village with three Trustees, to be elected by the citizens, to undertake the management of the affairs of the village including fire and police protection. Quote from minutes of the first meeting: Nov. 1907 "the Council of the County of Ontario has by law, set apart the Village of Claremont as a Police Village, Foster Hutchinson being the first Returning Officer. Nominations to fill the office of three Trustees, was held in the Masonic Hall, on Monday evening Dec. 10th. Fifteen persons were nominated, eight of whom retired, leaving the following as candidates: Robert Ward, Joshua Bundy, George Johnson, William Leaper, G. Malcolm Forsyth, J.S. Farmer and James Leggett. James Leggett not wishing to stand, the contest was between the other six." The election was held on Monday, January 6, 1908. The vote polled as follows: Robert W. Ward — 85 G. Malcolm Forsyth — 64 J.S. Farmer —49 George Johnson — 41 William Leaper — 32 Joshua Bundy — 20 The first three were elected. 163 This gave the Village the right of management of its own local taxation and recognition as a Village. At the first meeting of the new trustees, held on January 20, 1908, it was arranged that "R.W. Ward should attend to the roads south of the 'Elm tree', and G.M. Forsyth, those north of that point." The new Trustees soon set to work with a will — and there was plenty for them to do. The streets were in a deplorable condition. Plank walks had to be converted into cement, and to do this, an attempt was made to borrow money from the Standard Bank (later the Village's creditor). A contract was let to Albert Mantle to build the sidewalk, the Trustees to furnish the material and the contractor to do the labour at four cents per square foot. In 1911 the question of submitting a by-law to the rate-payers for the purpose of raising money for this project was discussed. It was then agreed to borrow fifteen hundred dollars at 5% interest, payable in ten years in equal annual payments of principal and interest. At that time, the residents of the Township were being taxed at the rate of three mills on the dollar. Light as their taxes were, the residents begrudged paying them because they had no idea what was being done with the money. However, after Claremont began managing its own affairs, all the advantages were clearly visible. The meetings, at first, were held in the homes of the Trustees. Later it was decided to hold them in the Masonic Hall. It was agreed to pay Foster Hutchinson six dollars for services as Returning Officer and taking the census of the Village. In 1884, Mr. Hutchinson had been appointed tax collector for the municipality and served continuously for twenty-five years. He had accumulated a great deal of knowledge in municipal affairs. Thomas Wilson was appointed the first Pound-Keeper — a position held to take charge of all animal pounds. Mr. Wilson declined and William Leaper was appointed to the office. The Township Council appointed R.W. Ward as Road Commissioner for the Village and the appointment was confirmed by the Trustees. In that same year, the Trustees met the representatives of the Claremont-Ashburn Telephone Company to decide on erecting poles and wires on the Brock Road northward to the Station. The following bills were presented. R.W. Ward 74 hours work $11.10 Wm. Jones 10 hours work 1.50 George Wagg 10 hours work 1.25 Ed. Gleeson 5 hours work .65 Thomas Dunn, a Claremont resident, held the position of Township Auditor for over thirty years. He was then appointed Auditor of the Village books in 1908, as well as doing a great deal of conveyancing. He was personally known throughout the Township. Mr. Charles Sargent was given permission to move his hardware store from its foundation down Brock Street to the lot purchased by him for that purpose (later Cooper's Store). In 1911, a delegation met with the Village Trustees to present a petition asking them to license and regulate the game of "box-ball", recently established in the Village. The question of lighting the streets was discussed. Some of the residents offered subscriptions to purchase lamps; the Trustees agreed to accept the offer, purchase lamps, set them up and find the necessary oil. Alexander Wilson was the Justice of the Peace at that time. In 1914, the Trustees met and elected G.M. Forsyth as representative for the Police Village of Claremont, to the Hydro Commission. The duties of the representative were, if possible, to secure a line running into Claremont from Stouffville and extending east, connecting with a proposed line running from Whitby to Port Perry. The Police Village was very anxious that this be secured. Mr. Forsyth was sent to Ottawa as one of the delegation to ask the Dominion Government for a subsidy to help build this road, which was the first of its kind in Canada. All subsidies from the Government, up to that time, were given to steam railways and in order to build this electric road, a subsidy would have to be granted. At a meeting of the Hydro Commission held in Toronto, delegates represented the municipalities interested — G.M. Forsyth, being the representative from Claremont. There, a great deal of discussion took place over the different routes proposed and surveyed by the engineers. Pickering Township, West Whitby and Markham Village wanted it to run from Markham through the centre of Pickering to Brooklin, thence to Whitby and Port Perry. The representatives of Claremont, Stouffville, Whitchurch, Markham Township and Reach Township thought the road should go through the northern part of the Township from Stouffville, by way of Claremont, Balsam, Ashburn, and thence to Port Perry. It would then connect up with the Grand Trunk Railway at Stouffville and with the C.P.R. at Claremont. A vote was taken to determine whether the route should go through the middle or the north end. The first route carried, but "by hard struggling", they managed to have a line in the proposed plan run from Stouffville to Claremont. This line was never realized. Some early Trustees of the Village were: J.S. Farmer, George Cooper, Andrew Johnston, James Underhill and R.W. Ward. In 1915, the first Constable of the Police Village of Claremont was appointed. A meeting of the Trustees was held for the purpose of putting in force the by-law, appointing Widmer Miller to fill the position. In 1917, John McGrath Illustration: Widmer Miller - Claremont's First Policeman accepted this position but after a short time, it was retained by Mr. Miller. "Wid" was a railroad worker and lived at "Emma Brown's Boarding-House". Part of the old saying, "Early to bed and early to rise, etc. etc." came true when, in 1914, Wid surprised the people of Claremont. Shortly after eight o'clock in the morning, on September 23rd, he and Miss Ida Laura Brown were united in marriage. Before leaving by morning train for Toronto and Weston, the young men at the "house" lost no time in securing and presenting them with a fine mantel clock. In March 1919, a letter was sent to Mr. Miller, drawing his attention to "recent disturbances and drunkenness in the Village." He was requested to put a stop to such carrying on and have the guilty parties prosecuted or the Trustees would have to ask him for his resignation. Mr. Miller remained as constable until 1936. In 1922, the Village of Claremont purchased five acres of land for a Recreation Ground to be known as Claremont Memorial Park, in memory of the boys who had served during the first World War 1914-1918. A few years later, after the union of the Methodist and Presbyterian churches, the Presbyterian Church was purchased by the Park Board and remodelled as a Community Hall. James Underhill was elected chairman of the newly formed Park Board but he resigned at an early date and Dr. N.F. Tomlinson held the position for many years. John Scott was the first Secretary-Treasurer, followed by Alfred Pretty. In 1924, it was decided to build a library in connection with the fire-hall and in 1928, the Trustees met to discuss the selling of soft drinks in the pool-room, which was contrary to the By-law. It was in the previous year, during the Reeveship of G.M. Forsyth, that Claremont secured electricity. After months of hard work securing the required number of contracts (so many to every mile), the line was finally built and the current turned on. This was a happy day for everyone. John Norton became the new Constable in 1936. His salary was $50 per year, an increase of $25 over Mr. Miller's. Along with being Police Chief, he was involved in just about every phase of village activity including: Fire-Chief, Trustee of the Village and the School Board, and a member of the Parks and Recreation Board. If an issue affected the community and the cause was right, Jack backed it one hundred per cent — the same applied to his dealings with individuals. He remained as Constable until 1950, then the Ontario Provincial Police took over. Down through the years, the Trustees managed all of the internal workings of the Village, including lights, sidewalks, streets, the Park Board (which was responsible to the Village Fathers) and the Community Hall. They received a report of the fire department every month and they were responsible for having the mill rate raised. Claremont Police Village was self- contained. Then, because of the financial burden on the Township, it was decided that the administration of this small community should be taken over by the Township of Pickering. Many Police Villages had gone out of existence years ago and Claremont was one of the last Police Villages in the Province of Ontario to concede. The merchants and residents (some 600 strong) opposed the new plan, but in 1968 the Police Village status was dissolved and Claremont became just another community in the Township of Pickering. Mr. Albert Samarillo, Mr. William (Bud) Norton and Mr. Gerald Allman were the last Trustees of the Village — Mrs. A. Roszell, the last Secretary. The once thriving Village of Claremont was heading rapidly towards being a "ghost town". However, Claremont is far from that. A new surge of determination among the young folk has developed and Claremont is still fighting for its existence. Illustration: Claremont Livery Bus CHAPTER 13 SERVICES Telephone Service in Claremont Telephone communication with distant centres became a reality for Claremont residents in 1902 through the determined efforts of a local doctor. The Bell Telephone Company of Canada was extending its telephone line from Stouffville to Claremont, and from Brougham to Claremont, to link this community with its main long distance network throughout Ontario and Quebec. Dr. W.F. Eastwood made an arrangement to use about a mile of the Bell's poles from the junction of this line with his own private line in the direction of Goodwood. He wanted to accommodate a subscriber who was assisting him in his telephone business. Soon afterwards, Dr. Darling of Goodwood erected a rival system, while Dr. Ralph Brodie and his brother Charles, a veterinary surgeon, built still another private line out of Claremont. By March 1903, when the Eastern Ontario telephone directory made its proud appearance, Claremont was listed as a long distance office with Dr. Eastwood as local manager. Four years later, on November 13, 1906, Dr. Ralph Brodie accepted management of local telephone affairs, and Claremont residents could make or receive calls from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on weekdays, 2 to 4 p.m. on Sundays and from 10 to 12 a.m. and 2 to 4 p.m. on holidays. Customers of the growing Bethesda and Stouffville Telephone Company were now able to contact the Brodie Telephone System at Claremont, through the line of the Telephone Association in Altona, which had recently been connected with the Bethesda and Stouffville switchboard. Like many other independent companies, the Bethesda and Stouffville system came into being to provide telephone connections for isolated residents and rural folk with their principal business centre. Under the capable 169 Illustration: Jack Norton Making the First Dial Phone Call – 1962 leadership of A.D. Bruce, miller, Bethesda and Stouffville was formed during the summer of 1904, and a year later, on September 18, received its charter as a joint stock company. By the 1920's, feminine thoughts turned to bobbed hair and large brimmed hats, while men, on the other hand, entered into discussions about the League of Nations or the high cost of living. Bethesda and Stouffville was now operating the Claremont telephone exchange. In the formative years, after the turn of the century, another company became known in dependent telephone circles. Originally called the Markham and Pickering Telephone Company, it was eventually taken over by the Woodbridge and Vaughan Telephone Company on January 1, 1940. It was during this time that William Palmer, Emma Brown, Peter Shirk and his son Edgar operated the switchboard. Ten years later, at the close of business, December 4, 1950, the Bell assumed responsibility for the entire Woodbridge and Vaughan system including its 193 Claremont customers. Mrs. G. Conner became local representative. An agreement was soon reached between the Bell and the Bethesda and Stouffville Company in an effort to improve telephone service in this Illustration: Claremont Switchboard Operators are Honoured: Louella Robertson, Maud Middleton, Hazel Sanderson, Hazel Carruthers, Doris Dolphin, Minnie Evans, Margaret Wilker. region. In a letter to the customers at the time, the Bell pointed out that since the purchase of Woodbridge and Vaughan, "It has been apparent that the territory could be better served by one telephone exchange rather than two, as in the past". Therefore, on March 4, 1952, the Bethesda and Stouffville Company became responsible for all the Bell's lines and equipment in the Claremont area, while in return, the Bell took over all Bethesda and Stouffville's telephone facilities in the Richmond Hill and Aurora sections. Eight years later, the Bell entered Claremont once again, when it purchased the entire Bethesda and Stouffville system in May 1960. Still another change was about to take place in Claremont's telephone way of life. On October 21, 1962, all customers began spinning their dial telephones to make their own local and long distance calls directly. Mr. Jack Norton, Claremont Fire Chief, was selected to complete the first long-distance dial call from Claremont to Saskatoon. The Bell Telephone Company's new central office on Joseph and Wixson Streets in Claremont, houses the crossbar equipment which routes all calls, following the conversion from manual to dial telephone service. The Claremont community showed its appreciation to members of the local telephone switchboard staff for their faithful service prior to the installation of the dial system in the area. Mr. Chas. Cooper presented each lady with an engraved leather wallet and change purse. They were: Luella Robertson, Maude Middleton, Hazel Sanderson, Hazel Carruthers, Doris Dolphin, Minnie Evans and Margaret Wilker. CLAREMONT PUBLIC LIBRARY The Library was first instituted under the name of the Mechanics' Institute. On October 21, 1891, a meeting was held in the Workman's Hall to discuss the advisability of establishing the organization. Dr. George Brodie was appointed chairman of the meeting and Mr. E.R. Eddy, public school principal, secretary. Canvassers were nominated to solicit subscriptions to finance the undertaking. On the 21st of November the forty subscribers met and reappointed Dr. Brodie and Mr. Eddy as at the inaugural meeting. Officers were elected and a constitution and bylaws drawn up. Regular meetings of the organization were to be held on the third Tuesday of every month. A grant of $20 was given by the Township Council. Mr. Jobbitt was the first Librarian at a yearly salary of $5.00 and the books were housed on his property. The Library was to be open every Friday from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. In 1895, the name was changed to Claremont Associate Library. It is interesting to note that in 1896 the Government grant was $200. In 1962, the Government grant was $750. In 1897 the Librarian was instructed to open the Library to the public three afternoons and evenings each week. In 1903, Mr. Jobbitt resigned and Judson Bundy was appointed and the books moved to his property. Mr. Bundy received $30 a year for salary, rent, fuel, light and caretaking. In 1925 Miss H. Walker donated the land for a new Library (the present site was also used for the Fire Hall). In 1958 a motion was passed instructing the board to meet with the Village Trustees to request permission to use the other half of the building since the fire department had erected a new building. In September 1962, this permission was granted. Under the Chairmanship of Dr. Tomlinson, the re-modelling project was started. The centre partition was removed, new floor, new front window and door were installed and the inside of the building painted. Dr. Tomlinson donated the electric heating and lighting in memory of his wife who was always very interested in Library and Community work. Several others donated furnishings and this has made the Library a building that all may enjoy. There have been many chairmen, secretaries, officers and directors, including: Mr. M.J. Wilker, Mrs. G.M. Forsyth, Mrs. Wm. Drew, Miss Viola Forsyth, Mr. Donald Hedges, Mrs. Grant Taylor, to mention only a few. There have been only six official Librarians. Three served short terms of two years or less and three served long terms, namely: Miss Walker, Mrs. T. Gregg, and Mrs. Harry Porter (thirteen years). For years the Women's Institute contributed regularly to the maintenance of the Library. In 1920 their gift was a gasoline lamp and in 1962, a cash donation of $25 to help with the furnishings of the newly decorated Illustration: Mrs. Harry Porter –Librarian and re-modelled room. In January 1959, the Library was officially declared a Public Library with the following Board appointed: Mrs. R. Cooper, Mrs. G. McConnell, Mr. D. Hedges, Mrs. C. Keevil, and Dr. N.F. Tomlinson. This resulted in a tax levy which is now collected for Library purposes in this area. 1959 was a year of great change when the Dewey Decimal System was installed. To-day all books are under this system and in excellent condition. A section for reference books was started and several encyclopedias were added each year. In November 1960, a Township Library was suggested. It was put to a vote of the Township residents and defeated. Three members, with outstanding years of service with the Library, attended their "Open House": Dr. N.F. Tomlinson first joined the Library Board in 1922 and until 1967 was a very active member, Mrs. F. Loyst first took part in 1931 and was President until 1943, and Mrs. H.G. Mclntyre was Secretary of the Board from 1934 to 1950. For eighty years the Public Library of Claremont had been a great asset to the residents of the Village and surrounding district. In 1967, Centennial year, the Pickering Township Library was incorporated with Claremont Library as one of the five branches, the headquarters being at Rouge Hill. The local library board was dissolved and the Pickering Township Library Board was formed at that time. Mrs. Porter remained as librarian until she retired on December 31, 1971. Mrs. Richard Ward was hired as of January 1, 1972, to take over Mrs. Porter's duties. FIRE FIGHTING IN CLAREMONT On April 29, 1908, a meeting of the Trustees of the newly formed Police Village of Claremont was held to discuss the question of fire protection. By this time Claremont and the surrounding area had been the victim of many fires without any protection except the so-called "Bucket Brigade". This consisted of anyone in the village or neighbourhood who would volunteer his services. All men and boys were glad to help in case they were faced with the same experience. It was at this same meeting that they decided to advertise in the Toronto Globe, for a hand fire-engine. J.S. Farmer, who was a trustee at the time, was greatly opposed to the idea of incurring any such expense during the first year of separation, but as the majority was in favour of the scheme it was thought advisable that someone should see some of the engines offered and R.W. Ward was appointed to look into the matter. On May 16, 1908, it was reported that he had purchased a fire-engine from Fergus, Ontario, and that it had been delivered to Claremont Station. It was agreed that they borrow one hundred dollars from the township to pay for the fire-engine and other accounts. The village also purchased an extension ladder, two axes and one dozen zinc pails. This fire-engine was kept in a portion of Will Birkett's building. By 1915 it was found that the old hand-engine was too heavy and hard to work, so a committee composed of Charles Sargent (Police-Trustee) and Widmer Miller (First Fire-Chief), was sent to Galt to inspect the R. McDougall & Co. Ltd., two-cylinder, double-acting force pump. It was decided to purchase this at a cost of $77.90, and keep it in the Presbyterian Church shed. In 1914, Widmer (Wid) Miller became the first Fire-Chief in Claremont. In the year 1916, the house owned by Mr. and Mrs. Morgan Pugh was burned. Mr. Pugh had lit the kitchen stove for breakfast, when Margaret and Mildred, who were upstairs at the time, heard what seemed to be plaster cracking. Miss Forgie was there as a practical nurse for Mrs. Pugh. Firemen rushed to the scene but the fire had already gained so much headway and the building was of such a nature that there was no possibility of saving anything. Mrs. Pugh was taken to Miss Forgie's home and there Alma (Mrs. Elmer Wilson) was born. In 1920, the Trustees of the Village of Claremont met at Tom Patterson's shop, for the purpose of deciding on a new location for the town bell. The Women's Institute had requested that the bell be moved from Tom Birkett's Shop to Lyman Pilkey's, Mrs. Pilkey offering to ring the bell if moved. The Trustees decided to move the bell and purchase the old school belfry from Miss A. McFarlane, the price being $5. In 1918, the last of three fires took place at Graham Brothers' farm, west of the village of Claremont, in which eleven horses were burned. In 1919, the Public House and store, built by John Barry north of the C.P.R. tracks and operated by Louis Fingold, was totally destroyed by fire. Claremont firemen had only the hand-pulled engine and the bucket-brigade to rely on. All those attending the fire were supplied with a pail or bucket and they formed a line to the nearest well or other water supply. However, this was inadequate protection for a fire of this size. In 1924, a meeting of the citizens of Claremont was held in the Standard Bank and the following officers were elected: Fire chief — Thomas E. Stephenson, Assistant Fire Chief — H.G. Mclntyre. The firemen were now organized and a new firehall and library was erected at a cost of $1,250. Mr. C.H. Found was the stone-mason and Mr. Thomas Patterson, the builder. It was thought to have been "one of the best and most complete little firehalls and libraries in the country." Miss H. Walker, who served as Librarian in Claremont for twenty-five years, donated the lot on which the firehall stood. On January 23, 1925, the Fire Brigade sponsored a concert of home talent and although the roads were badly blocked and it was bitterly cold, the proceeds were $40.35. Funds to purchase equipment and supplies were scarce and many ways of raising money were used. Some meetings of the fire department were held in Lyman Pilkey's rink, then later at Mclntyre's factory. The firefighters still received no salary. Mr. H.G. Mclntyre was Fire Chief in 1925, followed by Mr. Fred Evans. After a great deal of discussion and many minor fires in and around Claremont, it was decided to purchase a fire truck. This was a new Ford Bickle Motor chemical truck purchased in 1924 — price $1,794.87. Roy Morgan was one of the earliest caretakers of the Fire Hall. Then Duncan Morgan took over these duties at a salary of $10 per annum. In the 1930's a Chalmer's fire truck was purchased from Mr. Leonard Pilkey at a cost of $247. This truck had a front seat but no cab and it held two chemical tanks with twenty-five gallons of soda and acid in each tank. George Constable bought this truck when the Fire Department replaced it with a new one. It was purchased from Charles Cooper at a cost of $825. William Brown was the Fire Chief at that time. In 1937, Tom Sanderson's hotel caught fire. In the early morning, about one o'clock, Tom Lye noticed that the building was ablaze and rang in the alarm. In a few minutes the brigade was there but it was hopeless. In the excitement, Fred Ward, who was on hand at every fire, opened the upstairs window, threw the dishes out on the street below and carried the bedding down the stairs. Five volunteer fire brigades, assisted by more than one hundred men, women and children formed a bucket brigade. Jack, a black spaniel dog owned by the Sandersons, was heard barking frantically near the back of the hotel. Tom smelled the smoke but could see no sign of fire. Then, suddenly, he saw flames breaking through the roof of the garage, next to the hotel. Victor Robinson arrived and together they aroused the occupants, drove all the cars out of the garage, and began fighting the fire. Families living in the hotel included Tom Sanderson, the proprietor, and his wife and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. H. Boose and family, and Mr. and Mrs. Jack Norton and family. Shortly after, the Nortons found one of their family missing. Mr. Norton went back into the burning building and found his son Carl, still asleep in bed. The flames swept south, threatening three frame houses and a general store. Mrs. Edgar Shirk and Dorothy Miller, telephone operators, stayed at their post, sending out calls for help, all night long. Window panes in the telephone office cracked with the heat of the flaming hotel, less than fifty feet away, but they refused to leave until the telephone poles outside had burned away and the wires had fallen. Charles Cooper opened his hardware store and gave out pails, dishpans and kettles while Mrs. Chandler opened her furniture store and did the same. An amusing incident was told by village residents after the fire: "as the families in the hotel threw out clothing and boots just before the flames drove them out, the clever dog sniffed each pile, picked up only the belongings of his master and carried them to a far corner, away from the blaze." The frame hotel, over 110 years old at the time, and the garage, owned by Harold Sanderson, were a total loss. In 1937, Brougham, Claremont and Pickering Fire Departments reached an agreement on the boundaries of all fire calls. It was decided that the Township of Pickering pay $25 on all out-of- town calls. A barn on the Paul Wellman farm was destroyed by fire in the fall of 1944, along with several pigs and the entire crop of hay and grain. A spark from a gas engine, used to pump water, ignited at about six o'clock one Sunday evening and the firemen remained on duty all night. In the same year, Cedar Creek School burned to the ground, the fog being so thick that no one knew anything about it until the next morning. Cherrywood school was burned the same night. This district has had its share of barn fires including Bill Newman's, Albert Foster's and Elmer Wilson's. In 1956, the Ontario County firemen began a system that was known as Mutual Aid. Calls were dispatched from the Pickering Township Fire Hall located on No. 2 Highway and later from the Base Line. The calls were then transferred to the district where they belong. All members were required to pass the St. John's Ambulance course involving the use of the resuscitator, etc. They were indispensable to police at accidents — freeing trapped motorists and giving oxygen to helpless victims. Methods of firefighting are continually changing and Claremont has kept abreast of the times. Their equipment and methods have made great advancements. In 1958, a new Fire Hall was built on Wellington Street, at a cost of approximately $6,700. Then in 1960, an addition was made at Illustration: Claremont Firemen -Al Robertson, Jack Ward, Frank Ward, Jack Lehman, Earl Anderson, Eric Ward, Tom Hammond (Fire-Chief), William R. Evans, Richard Ward, Michael Hockley and Ray Ward. about half the cost of the original building. A new Ford "King Seagrave" truck was purchased in 1968 from Woodstock, Ontario, replacing the 1941 model that had served the Claremont Fire Brigade faithfully for twenty-seven years (the speedometer registered 2,476 miles). The new unit was purchased for $21,000 — the old one for $1,000. Until Claremont lost its Village status, in March 1968, the firemen had served their community without pay. Then the Township of Pickering began remunerating them at an hourly rate while on duty, depending on their length of service; e.g. $4.00 for three years' service, $3.00 for two years' service and $1.00 for one year's service. Three men of the fire department have been honoured by the Fire Marshal's Office. Tom Hammond, William Evans and Frank Ward received their thirty-year medal for a job well done. Jack Norton, Fire Chief for twenty years was made an honorary member. In 1899, a group of volunteer fire-fighters gathered in the Foresters' Building in Toronto, to form an Association called "The Volunteer Fireman's Association of Ontario." This organization met annually to exchange ideas for the best possible methods of fire-fighting and matters affecting the welfare of all firemen throughout the province. The name remained the same until 1963, when it was changed to "The Fire Fighters Association of Ontario''. In 1963, Tom Hammond became Fire Chief and Jack Ward, Deputy Chief, retaining these positions until 1974. During this time Claremont was the victim of two of its worst fires. On December 12, 1970, Peter and Yvonne White lost their home and two of their children. Within a few hours the whole community had come to the aid of the family and the tradgedy was deeply felt in all village homes. Then in 1972, the Charles Cooper Hardware Store was totally destroyed. Shortly after 6.30 p.m. fire swept through the store and the apartment upstairs. Twelve brigade units fought the blaze and prevented it from spreading to the nearby dwellings. By the time the Fire Department arrived flames had engulfed the whole structure. The loss was estimated at $54,000, but to Claremont it was much more than that, as Cooper's Hardware had been a business by-word since 1920, although the store was there long before that. Tom Hammond retired in 1974 after ten years as Fire Chief, and many more years as a faithful and conscientious member of the Fire Department. In January 1974, Claremont citizens showed their appreciation for his services, at a party held in the Community Hall. His associates in fire fighting were there, representing Stouffville, Pickering and Brougham. Many friends and relatives came to honour him. Jack Anderson, councillor, representing Pickering Township presented Tom with an engraved gold watch. A beautiful gold leather reclining chair was given by the firemen. Residents of the Village gathered to show their appreciation for a job well done. To Tom and Ella, the evening meant a great deal. To Tom, being a fireman was an obligation to the community — to Ella, it was a way of life. Whenever the siren sounded, he must go. Ella had his clothes ready at all times. Whenever he was called out, winter or summer, she was anxious until he had returned safely home. Sometimes, in the winter, she and the other wives of the firemen, prepare sandwiches and coffee for the half-frozen men. Now, that is over. Tom can relax in his big easy chair but you can be sure that he will be there in mind, if not in person. He has played a very important part in this community, serving as Trustee of the Police Village, as Fireman and later Fire Chief, Chairman of the School Board, Chairman of the Cemetery Board, and many other community activities. In 1973, Tom and Ella were presented by the Township with an engraved pen set for their service to the community. Claremont Fire Department is a group of men protecting our lives and homes twenty-four hours of every day with courage and bravery, never once thinking of themselves. It is not prejudiced, excluding no one because of race, colour or social status. The residents of Claremont and the surrounding area owe these men, who volunteer their services, a deep sense of gratitude. They are a credit to both themselves and the neighbourhood they represent. The officers for 1974 include: Fire Chief— Jack Ward, Captains — Tom Batton, Blair Evans, Dick Ward and John Drake. CHAPTER 14 LODGES AND ORGANIZATIONS BROUGHAM UNION LODGE, A.F. & A.M.1 In spite of the conditions under which the settlers lived, Canada produced honest God-fearing men who possessed a profound neighbourly spirit and a deep sense of co-operation. A group of Masons met in the village of Brougham to form the Brougham Union Lodge which has become a praiseworthy influence in the community. The first Worshipful Master, Worshipful Brother C. Campbell, was initiated in Mount Zion Lodge in 1865, made secretary the same year, and elected Worshipful Master in 1866. That office was declined but the office of Senior Warden was accepted. In 1868 he was installed as Worshipful Master in Mount Zion and occupied that office until 1872. During his last year he became the first Worshipful Master of Brougham Union and as a result, a close association developed between the two lodges, when for some time joint installations were held. The Charter Members were: John P. Campbell - W.M. D.W. Ferrier - S.W. C. Churchill - J.W. S.J. Green - Treas. J.C. Smith - Secy. L. Bentley - S.D. W.H. Smith - I.G. C.W. Matthews - Steward T. Meddaugh - Tyler I. Sharrard A. Turner The records do not show where the first meetings were held but they do state that a "Room Committee" was appointed and that rent was paid to 1 Extracts from Brougham Union Lodge 100th. Anniversary Celebration Program. 179 the Sons of Temperance — $10 per six months — while the dues were 25¢ per meeting — to be collected by the secretary. Fifty cents per meeting was the fee for taking care of the hall. Social intercourse and benevolence were practised at an early date. In 1874, a picnic was held at Coboconk to which they travelled by T.N.R.R. (Toronto and Nipissing Railway — Toronto to Coboconk) — 78 miles. In 1879 a brother who suffered a loss by fire was presented with a sum of money and had his dues remitted for two months. In 1887 the first oyster supper was held and according to the records it became an annual event for many years. Perhaps the wives put some pressure on their husbands as the brethren decided to invite their ladies, who looked forward to this annual occasion with much pleasure. After meeting in the village of Brougham for about ten years, a motion was made "that we move to Claremont" about which much discussion followed and continued intermittently for the next fifteen years. No doubt nostalgia for the original place of meeting and the C.P.R. passing through the north of Claremont, presented arguments for and against. Finally, at the end of the century, a motion was passed, "that a committee be appointed to see what arrangements could be made re moving to Claremont''. Accommodation was found over Joshua Bundy's tinsmith shop where the lodge worked until more suitable quarters were found. During this period the attendance increased, there being twenty-four members and eighteen visitors at the inspection in 1906. Then a committee was formed to investigate the advisability of building a new Masonic Hall. They decided to purchase the town hall for six hundred dollars of which one hundred and seventy-five dollars was paid from lodge funds. The new hall was dedicated in 1910 by the D.D.G.M. of District 11A. In 1927 the introduction of Hydro made the lodge room more attractive and contributed much to the quality of the work. In 1927, Right Wor. Bro. A. McLellan was elected D.D.G.M. of Toronto District B, being the first elected Grand Lodge officer in Brougham Union. He was an honoured and respected minister in Claremont for many years and during his term of office he brought honour and prestige to the lodge. His secretary, Wor. Bro. M.J. Wilker was appointed Grand Steward the following year. Within a few years, Very Wor. Bro. Thos. Patterson was appointed Grand Steward which was richly deserved as he had contributed so much to lodge work and the construction of the building. The members gave him a party on his seventieth birthday. After meeting by the moon for seventy-two years, and after many defeated motions to change to a regular date, in 1944 a motion to "meet the first Wednesday of the month" carried. During the last decade of Brougham Union's hundred years, three important and happy events took place: the lodge in co-operation with the areas of Brougham and Claremont honoured Wor. Bro. Nelson Tomlinson Illustration: Past Masters of Brougham Union Lodge A.F. and A.M. who for fifty years had rendered loyal service to his lodge as an officer, Master and Past-Master; in 1971, the Grand Master appointed Very Wor. Bro. Lloyd Pugh, Grand Steward and in 1972 the District elected Right Wor. Bro. Bruce Lehman as their D.D.G.M.-2 There have been many fraternal organizations in Claremont: Claremont Lodge, No.108, of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, received its charter on January 31, 1881. Its first officers were: Charles Russell, P.M.W., and Charles Brodie, M.W. Claremont Council No. 99, of the Royal Templars of Temperance received its charter on October 1, 1884. Among its foremost workers were Foster Hutchinson, William Dowswell, George Graham, Peter Macnab, A. Bundy, Dr. Ferrier and Thos. Pilkey. Claremont Circle, No. 82, of the Order of Canadian Home Circles was organized, the founder of the Order being P.M. Pattison. This was done on June 23, 1887, with the following officers: P.L., D. Forsyth; L., D.W. Ferrier, M.D.; V.L., Mrs. D. Forsyth; Secty. Fred Farmer; Treas. Joshua Bundy; F.S., Joseph Slack; Chap., Thomas Pugh; Mar., B.C. Bundy; War., Mrs. T. Pugh; G., Mrs. Joshua Bundy; S., John Madill; Trustees B.S. Palmer, James Anderson and George Empringham. On April 21, 1911, the Independent Order of Oddfellows Lodge No. 430, was organized in the village but only remained a short while. The names of its first officials were: G.H. Samis, J. Gerow, D.A. Scott, R. Besse, R. Bryan, J. McGrath, George Jones, T. Adair, C. Neal, N. Tomlinson, R.E. Forsyth, R. Leggitt, A. Walker, L.J. Pilkey, and W. Wilson. 2 D.D.G.M. — District Deputy Grand Master. SONS OF TEMPERANCE In earlier years, anything was an excuse for a party. Help was scarce and wages more than one could afford so "bees" were held. These bees often turned into drunken gatherings, sometimes causing fights and even bloodshed. Logging bees were a big attraction — not much work but plenty of food and whiskey. Not all people were so inclined however. The Primitive Methodists, the Baptists and most other religious bodies were greatly opposed, so much so, that in 1864, the Township proposed an Act known as the Dunkin Act. This prohibited the use of alcohol. The vote was in favour of the Act, with a majority of one vote but, due to a technicality, it never came into being. The polling station was held in the town hall at Brougham. The voting continued for four days and shortly before the final close of the poll, when they were sure that all the votes were in, John Michell, of Claremont, drove in with a load of people from Toronto. The opposers tried to detain him, knowing that he was in favour of the Act. After a great struggle, he reached the voting table, his clothes torn to ribbons but in time to cast his vote. This was the first victory for Temperance in Pickering Township. Many times the Act was repealed and due to technicalities the objections were always upheld by the Courts. These events were so common that the people became discouraged and they doubted the possibility of ever having prohibition passed. Finally, Pickering Township gained Local Option on January 1, 1906. On two other occasions, Pickering Township voted in favour of prohibition, on January 1, 1894, when a Provincial Plebiscite was taken and in 1898, in the Dominion Plebiscite. Dr. D.W. Ferrier, who was the medical practitioner in Claremont at that time, was very prominent in the Lodge and before that, Mr. Sylvanus Sharrard held the position of Grand Treasurer of the Sons of Temperance from 1856 until 1869. The first record of the Sons of Temperance Lodge was a meeting held on December 15, 1887, although it had been organized long before that. Claremont Lodge was Division No. 107 and they met every week in members' homes. Other branches of this Lodge were located in Brougham, Mount Zion, Greenbank, Stouffville and almost every other small community. They had many forms of entertainment, taffy-pulls, oyster suppers, concerts, etc. Apparently it was "the" dating place. Only the better class were members and if you wished to meet a really nice girl, you went to Lodge. Dr. Tomlinson, although a member of the Lodge at Brougham, met his wife at one of these meetings. The officers for the year 1888 were the following: Worthy Patriarch — Bro. B.C. Bundy Inside Sentinel — Bro. P. Macnab Recording Scribe — Sister Sara Rawson Conductor — Bro. L. Paterson Chaplain — D.W. Ferrier M.D. Worthy Associate — Sister F.E. Ferrier Treasurer — Bro. A. Rawson Asst. Recording Scribe — Sister Sara McFarlane Assistant Conductor — Bro. G. Scott Assistant Inside Sentinel — A. Booker There was no further record of the Lodge in Claremont until, in 1906, the Sons of Temperance was organized again. Only nine members attended the first meeting — the initiation fee being 25¢. "Brother Ball spoke on the cider question and gave the legal definition of the word, to be strong drink or permeated apple juice, containing 4% alcohol or 8% proof spirits". The number of the division was changed to 361. "Brother Hutchison spoke for the committee regarding the accommodation of the travelling public and stated that he understood Mr. Traviss would remain and keep a temperance house." A mammoth picnic was held near Brougham on June 5, 1906. Then on February 15, 1907, with only seven members present, it was decided to disorganize "on account of so little interest being taken in the meetings — the majority of members not turning out." CLAREMONT BAND The first band in Claremont was organized in October 1875, and played in public in the village on the evening of February 3, 1876. Their leader was George Lorimer and the men composing the band were: E.W. Evans, Josiah Evans, Robert W. Ward, Thomas Hopkins, George Coates, Duncan Morgan, John Gregg, Fred Farmer, Edward Pugh, James Evans, Thomas Stokes, and Edward Booker. On the following 12th of July, the band played at the Orange celebration in Claremont, and on October 12th, they played at Brougham Fair. The following year they played at the Orange celebration in Whitby, and on one occasion, a year or two later, they crossed the lake with a picnic party to Niagara. About the same time, a band was organized in Pickering Village and it played in Claremont in the month of January 1876. The villages of Greenwood and Kinsale also had bands organized about this period. Some years later a second band was organized in Claremont, under the Illustration: Claremont Citizens' Band-1919 -Back Row: Jack Soden, Levi Linton, Ralph White, Cecil Slack, Jack Gerow, James Coates, Walter Thompson. Centre Row: George Coates, Leslie Gauslin, Wesley Slack, William (Bill) Coates, Ellwood Henderson, Tom Coates, Dick Underhill, Thomas Birkett. Front Row: Ross Soden, Robert Leggett, Thomas Adair and William (Bill) Henderson. leadership of E.W. Evans. Among its members were John Gregg, Duncan Morgan, David Gregg, Josiah Evans, Thomas Paterson, George Coates, John Coates, James McFarlane, and Evans Ward. Still later a third named the "Citizens' Band" was organized under George Coates. "George Coates had taken a mere 19 music lessons from a spinster in Claremont when he formed a band in Goodwood. Then in 1903 he decided to start the Claremont Band. He could play the organ and one or two other instruments and had a wonderful ear for music. So he picked 26 men who seemed to be interested. And the incredulous thing is that not one of the 26 — most of them farm boys — had ever played a musical instrument. In fact, not one of them knew a note of music." When William Coates, his son, was asked how his father made a band out of such raw material, he told this story. "Each member of the band put in $16 to get things going. Church socials and garden parties were held to scrape together some more money. Then a hall over an old workshop was rented, the instruments were bought and everybody made up his mind what instrument he wanted to play." There was great excitement when the instruments, shipped from Toronto, arrived in a huge crate. The lads in the band started practising, and by the following fall made an impressive debut at Markham Fair, dressed in red jackets, dark trousers with three red stripes down the side, and Salvation Army style caps. "The first night the band assembled, George Coates put up a big blackboard in front of his raw recruits and on it he wrote a big "G". And for the next two hours every man did nothing but sound "G". The next practice night — they practised twice a week — another note was written on the blackboard and the performance was repeated. And this continued until the band members could sound all the notes. Then they started on the painful task of trying to make music out of all these notes. The first practice was held in the fall of 1903 and by the following fall the band played its first concert at Markham Fair. Soon they started getting paid for their appearances. An engagement at a garden party brought in $18. A picnic was worth about the same amount and for taking part in an Orange walk a fee of $80 was charged. The late Al Harvey was often the entertainer on their program — and George Coates accompanied the famous Toronto comedian, Jimmy Fax, on many an occasion. In 1907 the band commissioned the Trench Wagon Works in Richmond Hill to make a special wagon for them. This cost $211. It was built extra long, with strong wheels, a canopy over it, with a row of seats to hold the entire 26 members. It was painted a striking green, with white letters advertising "Claremont Citizen Band" and it was drawn by four horses. For years its appearance on the roads was enough to make everybody stop and look with amazement. In 1927 George Coates died and the band fell apart. But a few years later a Claremont citizen suggested, partly in fun, that their Santa Claus parades should have a band. He had a huge streamer made, and on it he put the date the band was founded and beneath it the words, "The Remnants of Claremont Citizens' Band." What may have started as a joke was the spark needed to get the band going again. There were only about 10 men available but it was formed anyway."3 They are still entertaining at picnics, fairs and parades in the area. One parade they remember very well was a political march for a Liberal who won the Ontario South Riding and every member of the band was a Conservative. William "Bill" Coates, the only member of the original band of 1903, is now the leader — Walter Davis joined in 1908. Most of the men are well over seventy — the eldest, Leland Johnson being eighty-five, but despite their ages, they are still meeting weekly in the Fire Hall for practise. Wherever the Claremont Citizens' Band plays, they are surrounded by people who admire their determination to play "as long as they can" together. They are not professionals, far from it, but they enjoy the "fun" they have making music together. 3 Parts taken from "The Sideroad," by Dean Hughes. Illustration: Choral Society -1925-1929 CHORAL SOCIETY In the 1920's, all persons who were musically inclined joined the Choral Society or the Claremont Choral Union. This group was organized by a committee including: Mrs. G.M. Forsyth, Mr. M. Wilker, Mrs. N. Tomlinson and Mrs. D. Scott, Secretary-treasurer. The first concert, in 1926, was held in the Community Hall for two evenings. Conductor — H.M. Fletcher, assisted by Mrs. Miriam G. Anderson, Soprano; Mr. M.J. Wilker and Mary Forsyth, Violinists, and Mrs. Thomas Gregg, Accompanist. Then, in 1927, the second series was performed on Thursday, March 10th, and Friday, March 11th. It was a concert consisting of operatic selections, sacred choruses and Negro spirituals. "Goodman Forsyth will hand out ye latch stryngs at 7 ½ by ye clocke, but ye syngyne and fiddlyne will not begin till 8, so as to favor ye men who cannot get ye mylkyng done earlier when ye candles will be lit. Babes in arms will be left ye gentleman at the door. Positively no produce, such as butter and eggs, will be tuk as barter for ye seats". Between acts; Quote — "N.B. Between ye Firste and Seconde Partes, will ye, who have brought peppermints, cookies and other refreshments pass them round, ask ye younge wommane such as ye want to go home with." 4 The soloists were: Miss M. Forsyth — Violinist Mr. Walter Kerr — Baritone Mr. Wilker — Violinist Mrs. Thos. Gregg — Accompanist 4 Choral Society Program. Illustration: Charter Members of Claremont and District Lions Club. In 1928 the last of these musical concerts was held. The hall was filled as usual for two nights. The audience demonstrated clearly by their repeated applause that they looked upon them as accomplished artists. CLAREMONT LIONS CLUB The charter night of Claremont Lions Club was held on May 2, 1968, at Annandale Golf and Country Club in Pickering. There were over 300 people in attendance and 42 members signed the charter. The first officers were: President — Leslie Parker, Secretary — Donald Sanderson. The meetings of the Lions Club are held on the first and third Tuesday of every month from September until June in the Legion Hall. Since organization a great deal has been accomplished: the donation of food baskets for the needy at Christmas, the erection of slides and swings in the park, the annual banquet for the Pee-Wee ball team, and many other worth-while projects. They have sponsored fund-raising activities such as, dances, amateur snowmobile carnivals, turkey shoots, corn roasts and a walkathon. At their Donkey baseball game an enthusiastic audience of over 500 attended. The Lions Club has filled a very necessary need in our area — they have raised over $60,000 since receiving their charter, which has been expended for the betterment of our community and the alleviation of human suffering. The Lionettes, an organization of the wives of the Lions' members, was established in 1969, but they were not approved by the Lions until May 5, Illustration: Grandmother's Day at Claremont Women's Institute held at the home of Mrs. George Scott's (now Paul Wellmans): Mrs. Fleming, Mrs. Sarah Pugh, Mrs. Mann, Mrs. Gibbons, Mrs. Brown, Mrs. Josiah Evans and Mrs. Richard Ward. 1970. The first officers of this newly formed Club were: President — Mrs. Marlene Webb, Secretary — Mrs. Kathleen Ward. Twenty-four members signed the Charter and since that time the Lionettes have been very active helping wherever there is a need. THE WOMEN'S INSTITUTE Claremont Women's Institute have been meeting on the third Wednesday of every month, from September to June, for sixty-four years. On the afternoon of February 9, 1909, about forty women listened to an address about the work of the Institute and at the end of the meeting, eighteen ladies gave their names as members. The following officers were installed: President — Mrs. C.J. Brodie Vice-President — Mrs. G. Richardson Secretary-Treasurer — Miss S.E. Evans Directors — Mrs. D. Gregg, Mrs. M. Pugh, Mrs. Bennett, Mrs. Mechin. The first meeting was held at Mrs. Brodie's home, March 6, 1909. Sometimes, a meeting was held in the rural areas and a bus from the livery stable was hired ($1.25 return trip), to transport the ladies. In 1912-15, the Institute sponsored a domestic science class under the leadership of Miss Jennie Forgie, a Home Economics Instructor, and the classes were held in Miss Pilkey's kitchen. It was in that same period that Illustration: Claremont Women's institute. the members of the Institute decided to pay the Secretary six dollars for her work but this custom was later dropped and the Secretaries performed their services voluntarily. Lighting the streets in Claremont was a problem in earlier years and the Institute decided that they should do something about it. A committee was chosen and Albert Lee was hired to light the street lamps for the small wage of two dollars per month. Some people began to criticize his actions, so he "quit". Then they hired a boy — he didn't mind lighting them but his parents thought that ten o'clock was too late for him to be out. Finally they decided to put just a small amount of oil in the lamps and let them burn out. In 1927, when the hydro came to Claremont, this practice was dropped. In 1915, the ladies became more interested in the school, providing water containers and taking an active part in the school fairs. They purchased a lamp for the library and a clock for Lyman Pilkey's pump shop as Mrs. Pilkey had offered to ring the town bell at designated times. During the war years (1914-1918), the ladies did an amazing amount of knitting and sewing for the men in the services. Mrs. Gleeson and Mrs. Freeman made one hundred and seventy pairs of socks, which was quite an accomplishment. When the Second World War broke out, a new club known as the "Shoulder to the Wheel" was formed to knit and sew for the "boys". The Women's Institute has always been a very active organization, donating money to all activities that took place both in Claremont and the surrounding area. By 1954, under the very capable leadership of Mrs. George McConnell, the Institute reached its peak when there were over fifty active members in the organization. In 1959, a 4-H Club was organized under the sponsorship of the Women's Institute — their motto being "4-H members today, Institute members tomorrow." Mrs. Ellis Britton became the first leader, and Mrs. Jack Ward, the assistant. "Cottons May be Smart" was the first unit, and the twelve girls that joined knew very little about the art of sewing. Since then there have been many leaders and courses, Barbara Carson (now Mrs. David Twiner) completing eighteen courses. The following girls have attained Provincial Honour Pins after completing twelve courses: Carol Anderson, Christina Evans (Mrs. Paul Forsyth), Dorell Britton, and Marion Britton. Mrs. Maitland Anderson, Mrs. Russell Hamilton, and Mrs. William R. Evans, have also been capable leaders. The Women's Institute decided to disband in 1966, due to the lack of attendance but after much discussion, they resolved to carry on. Mrs. Ellis Britton became the new President, and under her leadership, the Institute has continued giving instructions in the art of home-making and helping your fellow man. Mrs. Frank Carson and Mrs. William R. Evans are the only remaining "life" members. The Claremont Women's Institute have accomplished great things down through the years — may the future generations be proud of them. THE GOLDEN AGE CLUB In March 1957, a group of senior citizens, age sixty-five and over, met and formed a club that was later appropriately named the Golden Age Club. Their leaders were Mrs. George McConnell and Mrs. Frank Hollings-head. Mrs. William Evans assisted in transporting the members to and from the meetings held every other Thursday in the Village Library. This club was formed with the intention of having a place for the people to come, meet their friends and participate in their many activities. Later, Mrs. Norris Hardy became the leader and the membership grew to over fifty very active members. Mr. and Mrs. Briggs offered the frame building on their property as a meeting place. They have enjoyed many, many, trips to such places as Buffalo, Marine-land, Ottawa, Quebec and the Thousand Islands — some members never having had the opportunity to travel and visit the many wonderful places that are now available. The club received a grant of over four hundred dollars a year from the Township of Pickering. This, along with selling quilts (the proceeds of one quilt made in 1972 being over $300), and their mammoth euchre parties held in the Community Hall, they have been able to carry on financially. In 1973, the Golden Age Club was forced to organize due to the increase in membership and responsibility of their leader. The first officers of the organization were: President — Mrs. Norris Hardy Secretary — Mrs. Harry Porter Treasurer — Mrs. M. Middleton Card Convenor — Mrs. Tom Hammond In 1974, the clubhouse at the lawn bowling green became the new home for the senior citizens of the community. This building was then taken over by the Town of Pickering and after much discussion, it became apparent that the old building should be torn down and a larger and more up-to-date meeting-place erected. This would accommodate the senior citizens as well as the bowling club. With the help of volunteer workers and a grant from the Federal Government, the building will be completed and ready for use in 1975. Illustration: Receiving their Queen Scout Awards -May 12, 1962 -Fred Moore, Terry Sherin, James Torrance and Tim Death with Scoutmaster, Donald Sanderson. THE BOY SCOUTS In March 1930, a group known as the 1st. Claremont Scout Troop was formed with Mr. B. Lickorish as Scoutmaster and Mr. M. Linton as Assistant. The chairman of the Group Committee was Mr. S.J. Ward and the Secretary, Mr. L.S. Dopking. No further records are available. In 1950-51, a small group of parents felt there should be some organized activity for the young people in the Village. They were Mrs. Richard Cooper, Mrs. William Glidden, the late Mrs. William Browning, and others. The Cubs and Scouts grew out of a small group of boys who met under the sponsorship of the above group. Miss Cox, one of the school teachers, led the group for a short time. She held a few meetings with them in the Community Hall until they secured a male leader. The parents approached the Rev. George Davison and invited him to be the leader. A meeting was held at the home of Mrs. Browning to discuss future organization, activities, program material, etc. A decision was made to form a cub pack and the Rev. Mr. Davison became the first Cubmaster. The parents became the Group Committee and the Cubs began meeting in the basement of Claremont Baptist Church. The first big activity was to enter a float in the Claremont Santa Claus parade, December 13, 1952. They also enjoyed many hikes, cook-outs, and other activities. Among the earliest members were: Wayne Redshaw, Gary Cooper, Ron Williamson, Ron Hedges, Wilfred Glidden and Allen Badgerow. It soon became obvious that a troop of Boy Scouts ought to be formed, as many of the boys were too old for Cubs. In 1953, all boys eleven years of age and over, joined the Scouts. The Rev. George Davison became the Scoutmaster and Jack Mansell, the Cubmaster. Others joined the Scouts, among them, Eric Ward, Keith Norton, Larry Burnell, Craig Peters and Bob Barton. The first big Scout activity was a camp held in August 1953, at Little Hawk Lake in Haliburton on property then owned by the Badgerows. Rev. Mr. Davison continued as Scoutmaster with the help of others from time to time — Mr. Sam Spencer, Mr. Wilfred Morley and Mr. Les Lye, all gave valuable assistance. It was soon found advisable to hold the meetings elsewhere than in the Baptist Church basement. An invitation from the local branch of the Canadian Legion to use their basement was accepted in 1954. Mr. Donald Sanderson of Balsam, became the leader of the Claremont Cubs in 1955, and a year or two later, he became Scoutmaster, a position he held for several years. The groups were very active. Craig Peters was the representative from Claremont to the World Jamboree in England, and Derek Curtis went to the one in Australia. They also attended many North American Jamborees in both Canada and the United States. With the accession of Queen Elizabeth II to the throne, the rank of King's Scout became Queen's Scout with her Majesty's approval. The significance of this honour was the top grade and honour in Scout training, and literally means what the name implies — a Scout who has passed certain tests of proficiency qualifying him for "the Queen's service." The idea originated from King Edward VII, "Edward the Peacemaker", and during his reign, Lieutenant General Baden-Powell resigned from the British Army to give all of his time to the rapidly spreading Boy Scout Illustrations: Michael Hockley receiving his Queen Scout Award - 1967 - with Mr. Donald A. Deacon, Deputy Provincial Commissioner and Mr. Donald Sanderson, Scoutmaster. Claremont Rangers leaving for Expo - 7967: Jean Drake, Pat Sanderson, Freda Murray, Nancy Watson, Wendy Sanderson, Lyn Whitney, Mary Drake, Susan Hayward, Blanche Benson, Mimi Findlay, Devina Spencer, Marilyn Rennie, Suzanne Hockley, Lenora Jones and Brenda McGregor. Movement. He was knighted for his services and especially for organizing the Boy Scouts and became Sir Robert Baden-Powell. The following boys from Claremont and the surrounding area have received the Queen Scout Award: 1953 — Robert Greer 1955 — Keith Norton, Craig Peters, Gary Cooper, and Kenneth Dean 1960 — Ray Ward, Ron Death, and William Keevil 1962 — James Torrance, Terry Sherrin, Tim Death, and Fred Moore 1963 — Bruce Lloyd 1964 — Derek Curtis and Terry Hopkins 1968 — Glenn Hammond, Robert Roszelle, Gerald Cook, and Allan Lloyst 1970 — Dwight Goden and David Sanderson 1971 — Haig DeRusha With the advent of a new Scout program introduced in 1968, the Queen Scout Award gradually phased out, so that after 1971 there were no further Queen Scouts. GUIDING IN CLAREMONT Twenty-one years ago, in the Village of Claremont, Guiding was started under the leadership of the Rev. George Davison. He approached the Park Board and received their support to be the sponsors of this group. The Brownie Pack was organized on March 19, 1953, with Mrs. Rene Lye as the first Brown Owl. Their first project was making curtains and painting chairs for their meeting place, the Baptist Church basement. The paint was donated by different people, and the results were lovely rainbow coloured chairs. For this, they received a Coronation badge, which had been sent to them by Queen Elizabeth II (this was Coronation year). The Girl Guides were formed in June 1953, and Mrs. E. Boniface was the first Guide Captain. During the twenty-one years many changes have taken place. New leaders, who all worked very hard, are too numerous to mention. New Guides and Brownies, a new meeting place and many new activities have kept things on the move. The meeting place was transferred to the Community Hall and they still gather there. The following people have held the position of District Commissioner: Mrs. Rene Lye, Mrs. Kay Hayward, Mrs. Pat Boles, Mrs. Beth Mason, Mrs. Nancy Watson and Mrs. Janet Brook. The Village of Claremont has been fortunate in having leaders through the years, who have given freely of their time and effort and kept Guiding on the move to fulfill the wishes, work and efforts of Lord and Lady Baden Powell, the Founders of Girl Guides. CHAPTER 15 The Legion - Lest We Forget When the war against Germany ended in a complete surrender of the enemy, on May 8th, 1945, there was great rejoicing. In larger places it was proclaimed a public holiday. Few people that lived through those years will ever forget that day, listening to the radio as the King's speech was broadcast from England. The war had hit Claremont hard — almost every young man served his country either in Canada or abroad and some never returned. Those who gave their lives from Claremont were: Alvin Lehman, Victor Prouse, Ivan Purdy and "Teddy" Rhodes. "And so they passed over and all the trumpets sounded for them on the other side.'' A banquet was held on Saturday evening, May 11, 1946, to honour all of the returned men and girls. The Women's Institute and Park Board sponsored the event, which included the wives and sweethearts. There were fifty-one men and three girls, each of whom was presented with a pen and pencil set. The address was given by Mr. Joe Farr, and Mrs. H.G. Mclntyre made the presentations. A special Dedication Service of chimes was held in the United Church, Claremont, in memory of the young men of the community who gave their lives. These chimes were to be played every Sunday and on special occasions, such as Christmas and Good Friday in recognition of the services of all the men and women who served our country. On March 15, 1948, the boys decided to organize. They were called the North Pickering Branch of the Canadian Legion of the British Empire Service League. Arthur J. Sutherland, Claremont, became the first President and Harold O. Hopkins the first Secretary. Twenty-one members signed the Charter, namely: Art. Sutherland, Glen Manderson, James Norton, Gord. Benson, William Hicks, John (Ren) Loyst, William Voss, John Lehman, Sid Dunning, Doug. Reynolds, James Briscoe, Joe Farr, Fred Morley, Leslie Lye, Roy McLeod, Gord Taylor, J.O. Graham, Moses Norton, Wm. (Bud) Norton, Harold Hopkins and Howard Hockley. This new branch was to include all "Boys" from the Village of Brougham to Coppin's Corners and from the Whitby-Pickering Townline to the Markham-Pickering Townline. At first, the boys decided to buy a building to serve as their meeting-place. They paid ninety dollars for it and loaded it onto the truck. Before Illustration: North Pickering Royal Canadian Legion. they had gone any distance, the building slid off the truck and was broken beyond repair. Then, in 1948, the Legion was given permission to operate the Community Hall and the Park for two years on the condition that all funds belonging to the Park Board be retained by them. The Legion was to conduct all dances, field days, etc. and pay all operating expenses — 10% of net profits at the end of each year to be paid to the Park Board. In January 1949, the legion turned back the Hall and the Park. There was no payment, as the Legion lost money on the operation of the Hall. Meetings were then held in different members' homes: Wm. Voss, Jut Todd and Jim Norton, but the members decided that it was time they had a building of their own. The land was purchased on May 8, 1949, from Mr. Roy Brignall for $400. The basement was built by donations and all voluntary help. A number of these helpers, who spent countless hours working toward their goal, never did see the building when it was finished. They were Len Lye, Doug Dickinson, Arthur Hewlett, Fred Hicks and Henry Desjardin. On December 13, 1950, the basement of the Legion Hall was completed. This served the organization well for sixteen years. The Legion grew continuously. Many activities were held there and it was decided that they could no longer do with their cramped quarters. A new building fund was organized and in March 1966, thirty-six members backed notes of $450 each to go ahead with the project. With the help of the Auxiliary, they held bingos, wedding receptions, etc. Finally, the lovely new Legion Hall was officially opened on September 24, 1966. The first few years were prosperous and between the Auxiliary and the Legion, the mortgage was paid off in twenty- three months. This was a big event for the members of the Legion. A parade started at 2 p.m., at which General Sir Neil Ritchie and Brigadier Sprague took the salute. The second Vice-President of the Provincial Command, D. Mac-Donald, cut the ribbon. Padre George Davison, a former minister of the Illustration: Legion Cenotaph -1973 -Stanley Tweedie, Jack Lehman, Harold Hopkins, Art Heaton, Stella McDonald, Moses Norton, Jack Bates and Al Macaloney. First Baptist Church in Claremont, dedicated the building. Forty Branches of the Legion were represented and Legion Bands from Newmarket, Willowware, Ajax, Bowmanville and Camp Borden were in attendance. Supper was served by the Auxiliary, and a dance in the evening closed the festivities. The Legion Hall has continued to be a "hive" of activity. On November 11, 1973, a cenotaph, honouring those who served their country in both World Wars, was dedicated by the Rev. Eldon Linstead of Claremont. The cenotaph, erected directly in front of the Legion Hall, lists the names of those who paid the supreme sacrifice in both World Wars. The ceremony followed the Remembrance Day Service in the Claremont United Church, with the procession led by Uxbridge Legion Pipe Band. Guests for the occasion included District Commander John Maw, of Brooklin and Zone Commander James Sullivan of Ajax. The Hall and Cenotaph are landmarks of which Claremont can be proud. The Officers in 1974 are the following: Pres. — H.O. Hopkins, 1st Vice-Pres. — J. Bates, Sgt. at Arms — D. Weir, Secty. — Stella Mac-Donald, Treas. — J. Lehman, Poppy Chairman — Moses Norton, Steward — S. Tweedie, Membership — J. Rennie and B. Woodward, Zone Commander— J. Sullivan, Ajax. Illustrations: Joe Norton (killed in action) Alvin Lehman (killed in action) Ivan Purdy (killed in action) Edward (Teddy) Rhodes (killed in action) Illustrations: Victor Prouse (killed in action) Walter Knox (killed in action) Jim Faulkner (killed in action) Jack Norton (killed in action) Kenneth Evans (killed in action) Illustration: Ladies Auxiliary -Eastern Regional Bowling Champions -1969. Amy Clark, Lillian McGregor, Lenora McKenzie, Agnes Ferguson, Marge Samarillo and Rene Rennie. LADIES' AUXILIARY OF THE CLAREMONT LEGION The Ladies' Auxiliary of the Royal Canadian Legion to North Pickering Branch 483 in Claremont was organized March 22, 1950. The first officers were: President — Comrade Margaret Taylor First Vice Pres. — Comrade Kay Madill Second Vice Pres. — Comrade Georgina Norton Secretary — Comrade Ruth Wood Treasurer — Comrade Bertha Todd Sergeant at Arms — Comrade Ilean Hicks Executive Committee — Comrade Mary Judd — Comrade Margaret Mansell — Comrade Josephine DeRusha The first meetings were held in the members' homes until the completion of the basement of the Legion Hall, December 13, 1950. All meetings and other activities pertaining to the Legion or Auxiliary were held in the basement until June 1966, when the upstairs was completed. A lovely new hall was then available for all Legion and Auxiliary affairs. Since the official opening on September 24, 1966, members recall many changes over the years, but have always kept in mind their comrades who by land, sea and in the air laid down their lives for their King and Country, and those who survived and needed their assistance. There are six charter members still in the organization — Comrades Arvilla Lehman, Myrtle Hill, Kay Madill, Josephine DeRusha, Rowena Lehman and Norma Benson. CHAPTER 16 Our Doctor - N.F. Tomlinson In 1909, a short, muscular young man came to Claremont as principal of the Continuation School. He was Nelson F. Tomlinson, son of Frederick and Jane Tomlinson. He was of English and Dutch descent — his ancestors were among the original settlers of New Amsterdam (later the city of New York) and his grandmother was Phoebe Van Horne. He had been in Claremont once before, attending the first Ward family reunion in 1890. "I remember it well", he said, "I was dressed formally, in black string tie and white shirt. Compare the well dressed four-year-old of today with that garb." When it came time for the photograph to be taken, he was placed in the very front row. Nelson was born in Reach Township and attended public school at S.S. No. 3, Scott — two miles north of Lot 1, Conc. 7, Scott Township, where his family had moved. His secondary education was received at Uxbridge High School and he later attended a teacher training course at the Model School in Port Perry. All of this equipped him for the task of teaching in the Public School at Brougham in 1906, where he remained for two and one-half years. For this young man, events moved quickly. Upon his arrival at Brougham, Nelson was advised to attend the Sons of Temperance meetings (apparently all the "nice" girls went there). It was there that he met Miss Beatrice Alger, a resident of Brougham, and a direct descendant of Thomas Hubbard, the first clerk of Pickering Township Council. They became very good friends. Nelson decided to further his education and after attending the University of Toronto, Claremont was most fortunate in procuring him as the principal of its Continuation School which had only been in existence for one year. Three of his students at that time were Clifford Pilkey, Magnus Morgan and Clarke Rawson, who found in their teacher many qualities rarely found these days: tireless energy, ready wit, desire for the good, and a mind keenly interested in problems of the past, present and future. He taught here for two years and from that group of students, seven became teachers (three from the Rawson family), two became doctors, one a dentist, two graduated from Guelph, one a banker, and one a nurse who served overseas. In 1911, the medical profession lured his many talents and he enrolled in 201 Medical School in Toronto. He remained there for three years when, because of financial difficulties, he returned to the teaching profession. He became High School Principal in Erin, Ontario. Meanwhile he married Beatrice and in 1915, their first son, William (Bill) was born. Nelson remained in Erin for two years, then he returned to the University of Toronto and graduated as a Doctor in April 1918. During this time, his second son, Edward (Ted) was born. He served his internship at Muskoka Sanitarium, where he treated soldiers for tuberculosis. It was at Gravenhurst that their only daughter Grace was born. From there, he went as Doctor's Assistant to Depot Harbour on Georgian Bay. Dr. Caldwell had been the medical practitioner in Claremont but had enlisted for service in World War I. Claremont was now without a doctor, and the influenza epidemic was rampant. Mrs. Walter Ward took it upon herself to phone Dr. Tomlinson and ask if he would come to their aid. It was no time until he ended his northern practice and returned "home" to Claremont. He arrived in February 1919 and in the following year, their youngest son, Alan, was born. Mr. and Mrs. Ward provided the Tomlinsons with lodging until he could "settle in" at the old stand (opposite the house where he later lived). They had moved six times in the previous five years so this time, they said it was for good. "Doc" bought his predecessor's old gray mare, buggy and cutter. Then for $12 per month, he rented the combined office and house, bought instruments "on tick" to the extent of $100 and hung out his shingle. He used a horse and sleigh for ten winters and declared "he was lucky to get to a maternity case before the baby started crying." Sometimes, he even took the morning train to make a house call six or seven miles away and because of lack of transportation, would return from the call by the evening train. The depression days brought difficulties and the village doctor, with six mouths to feed, was often paid with a quarter of beef or a bushel of apples. "Doc" had a very sympathetic manner. One Christmas morning, years ago, he was called to a shooting accident in Glen Major and the patient was taken to the hospital in Toronto by train. Doc went along. This left four hungry children and the patient's wife. At that time, the Tomlinsons had planned to have Christmas goose at their Grandmother's in Richmond Hill. Needless to say, Doc and his family feasted on cold bologna at home. He was active in community service. His motto seemed to be "Service is the rent we pay for being here." He has served on the Board of the United Church for years, on the Public School Board (he was on when it was built), a member of the Library Board, the Historical Society, the Rotary Club (now an Honorary Member) and a Past Master of Brougham Union Lodge, A. F. & A.M. He worked very hard as Chairman for the Centennial of Claremont in 1938, and also at the annual field days when he was responsible for the children's races. Illustration - Dr. N.F. Tomlinson. Illustration: $1,450 Cheque will Furnish Hospital Room in Doctor's Name -Donated in Honour of Dr. Tomlinson Day-Jan. 8, 1966-Robert Jackson, Howard Malcolm, Dr. N.F. Tomlinson, Mrs. Thelma Hockley and Dr. William Tomlinson. Doc was very active in sports. He played on the famous 1909 soccer team. In tennis, he could win over any member of his family and he helped to organize the first badminton club in Claremont. He began playing golf at the age of sixty-five. He would say, "Just give me fifteen minutes" and Doc would be waiting at the door. Not too long ago, one of his golfing pals remarked, "I can beat him on the strokes but when it comes to putting, he has it all over me." Doc was a keen Argo fan, having had season's tickets since World War II. The Doctor belonged to the Choral Society in the late 1920's, singing in duets, quartettes, etc. He liked to dance and belonged to a Social Club that was formed in Claremont at that time. Dr. Tomlinson's most important contribution was his work as Medical Health Officer which began in 1935 and lasted over a period of twenty years. His office did (to quote him) "a pretty complete job of immunization." In several cases, he took care of as many as five generations of one family in Pickering Township. On January 8, 1966, the communities of Claremont and Brougham honoured him for the faithful service he had given throughout the years. The Master of Ceremonies was Clarke Rawson, a close friend and former pupil. Clifford Pilkey and Dr. Neil Smith assisted. Hundreds of friends attended and the day was a great success. At the time, a fund was set up in honour of Dr. Tomlinson. About $1,500 was raised and this amount was donated to Ajax Pickering General Hospital, where his son Bill was a prominent doctor. In 1967 he was presented with a Centennial Medal. What a heritage to leave to his children — Grace (Mrs. Richard Cooper), Ted (salesman of prefab homes in Mississauga), and Alan (Chief Sanitary Inspector for the City of Hamilton). In 1961, Dr. Tomlinson lost his good wife and in 1971, his eldest son, Bill, was stricken with cancer and died. Through all his life, he has managed to change a tragic turn of events into a normalcy which few people can manage to do. When the news of the Airport was announced in 1972, Doc said, "It doesn't make much difference what we think, does it. There'll be plenty of noise, but I don't suppose it will affect me — I'll have 'flown' long before then." As his students remember the valuable advice he gave them, so too, will his hundreds of patients long remember his personal sacrifices in performing his professional duties. To quote from the speech made by Clarke Rawson in January 1966, "His name may not be carved in marble in the Medical Hall of Fame but it is indelibly impressed on the hearts and minds of so many patients whom he served for so many years. "When you come to the end of the road, You will look back and view, That you have done your very best With the trust that was placed in you. You'll certainly know that you never have By action, word or deed Betrayed a given confidence Or forsaken a friend in need. You will have the consolation When you've travelled the very last mile To know that you've meant so much to so many And caused those in sorrow to smile. Indeed you shall be very happy If in the hearts of patients won You can leave a lingering memory Of the marvelous good you have done." Dr. Tomlinson is still receiving some of his old patients but upon entering, he says very sheepishly, "Don't slam the door, Grace thinks I have gone for a walk." Illustrations: Altona Hotel & Nightwander's Mill - Altona CHAPTER 17 Surrounding Communities ALTONA Altona, situated on the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline, between sidelines 27 and 28, in Pickering Township, was predominately a Mennonite settlement — the western part settled by many of the denomination who had overflowed from Markham and Whitchurch Townships. It is believed that Altona probably received its name from a city in Germany, where the Dutch Mennonite congregation enjoyed freedom under Danish rule for many years (from 1610 on), as compared to other persecuted sections. Names such as Nighswander, Reesor, Barkey and Monkhouse were well known and highly respected in this pioneer settlement. A landmark of Altona, the old hotel, had a fascinating history. It was at one time owned by a Mr. Cooper and then, in 1869, by Alexander Brown. This building situated on the north-east corner of Altona, was known as the "Look-See Brown Hotel". Many hair-raising events took place there. Then the corner block came to be known as the Altona Hotel and in the end was operated as such, by Mr. Harry Wellman. Following the introduction of local option in Pickering, the building was changed to a grocery. On December 5, 1921, Oliver Madill, son of Joseph Wixson Madill and Martha Burnham, purchased the property. He began doing business at a time when prices were dropping rapidly, and sometimes they were forced to sell goods for cost, in order to keep up with the slumping market. After operating the store for a period of thirty-two years, Mr. Madill retired to Stouffville where he died. In 1955, the building ceased to be a store and was converted into apartments. A Temperance Hall stood on the north-west corner, on the Abijah Jones farm. The land was to be bought for $50, and $25 was to be Mr. Jones' share. Residents of Altona bought shares, and a building used for religious purposes, was erected. One group, the Universalists, whose belief was that 207 all punishment is meted out in this life, met in this building. It was also used as a school from 1909 to 1911 and was torn down during the years 1923-26. In 1849, Mr. Joseph Monkhouse came to Canada and began store-keeping the following year. "Monkhouse's store (in 1850) was noted not only for its large stock of dry goods and groceries, but especially because it carried the largest stock of delf ware in the district. The whole of the upper flat of the large building was transformed into a veritable 'China Hall'. It had counter after counter covered with dinner and tea sets, found in a variety of colours in print and enamel with plain gold or spangle. Under these counters were arranged scores of toilet sets from the comparatively plain to those of the most handsome designs and superior quality. On both sides of the building ran wide counters, the full length, covered with a bewildering variety of fancy china. Much of the stock came by direct importation from Europe. This fact is indicative of 'China Hall'. No one in this vicinity need go to Toronto to buy fine table ware."¹ In 1874, Mr. Monkhouse moved to the farm (Lot 32, Conc. 9) and his brother, Thomas, took over the business. Upon his brother's death in 1866, he returned to the store and continued until his death in 1903. He was succeeded by Willis J. Monkhouse. Another landmark was the saw and grist mill built by Abraham Reesor. It was situated on the farm later owned by Mr. Stanley Lewis. Later operators of this mill were: Abraham Reesor Jr., William Vanzant, William Kaiser, Alexander Jones and Hugh Mclntosh. Earl Howsam was the final owner. He remodelled it but it was burned on March 10, 1944. Altona, however, is predominantly known for its cider and apple-butter mill. This mill, started in 1926 by Peter Nighswander, was located on the farm property that remained in the Nighswander name for four generations (since the area was first settled by the Mennonite founders). It had previously been a woollen mill, a saw mill and a grist mill. Peter's son, Harvey, became the last owner of this mill, of which only six such plants remain in the province. During a day's operations, up to a ton of apple-butter was carted away, ready for the table. The Stouffville Tribune — 1947 reads: "Nothing could compare with the tangy, spicy, saliva-starting fragrance of the brown, moist goodness to add just that final touch to crisp-crusted, hot hearted biscuits or good chewy home-baked bread." Things have changed considerably in Altona. Industry has gone, grocery stores have closed and property has been taken over by the Federal Government. Altona Feeds and Supplies, operated by Mr. Fred Lewis, is the only store in operation. The residents are now waiting for the final hour when they will have to pack up and leave the community that has memories buried deep. ¹ Parts taken from an old issue of the Free Press, a paper published in Stouffville, in 1890. Illustration: Atha Centennial - Ernie Carruthers, Frank Bielby, Grace Bielby, Glenda Dunkeld and Clifford Dunkeld. ATHA To give the early history of Atha would be to tell the story of the families bearing the names of Gostick, Whitson, Bell, Cowie and others who made up the community situated on the eighth Concession, west of the Brock Road. In 1869, Atha was a village with a post office and a store operated by J.M. Bell. The families in this area underwent all the hardships that fall to the lot of the pioneer, but they conquered every difficulty and went on to prove that their toil was not in vain. Their homes were open to receive weary strangers and they became prominent pioneer farmers in Pickering. Atha Picnic, in earlier years, was a very special event. Everyone went to Atha Picnic. It was just the thing to do. There were races, games (football, including Senior and Intermediate teams) and drills. Everyone took lunch and the tables were laden with food of all description. At first the picnics were held on the lawn of Robert Cowie (Lot 27, Conc. 7) and then on Nighswanders' farm (Lot 35, Conc. 7). The picnics were discontinued in 1915. Mrs. Arthur Carruthers has been a prominent citizen of Atha. For forty years she was the correspondent of the Atha news for The Stouffville Tribune. Every Tuesday evening, starting in 1922, she went, with horse and buggy, to drop off her weekly list of happenings around Atha. Later, she travelled the distance in a Ford car. Luther Kirby operated a blacksmith shop in Atha for thirty-six years. A few years ago he presented a hand-carved violin to Pickering Township Museum — a product of many hours of work. He had a desire to become a fireman on the Old Grand Trunk Railway but his dream was never realized. Mr. Kirby constructed with his own hands and tools, a steam-driven Illustration: Graham's Store-Balsam-Built in 1890. locomotive complete with coal tender, flat car and coal car — an exact replica of a real locomotive. Although the model took some twenty years to complete, it was the only working model of its kind in the district. The future of Atha has been destined by the Airport. The many families affected include familiar names such as: the Lehmans, the Trans, the Drapers, the Wilsons and the Carruthers, who grew up there. These families are finding new homes elsewhere and this area is losing some well-respected citizens. BALSAM About four miles directly east of Claremont there is a wide spot in the road known as Balsam. Well, it's not quite that small for they have a general store, a welding shop and quite a number of homes, some small and some large estates. The pioneer families of Balsam were the Hickingbottoms, Days, Wards, Lawrences, Davidsons and Williams, who made up the community. The earliest record of business was conducted in 1869 by J. Palmer, who was the general- merchant operating a store on the north-east corner. R. Dodds was the postmaster and W. Mackie, the blacksmith. Mr. Hubbard then took over the store, followed by a Mr. Phillips. His produce was delivered to Claremont and from there it went by livery to Balsam. He Illustration: Richard (Dick) Day-Blacksmith-Balsam. operated a peddling wagon and drove well into the countryside, bartering his produce for butter, eggs, hides and wool. The post office was also on this corner. The grocery store, now located on N½ Lot 4, Conc. 8, Pickering, was originally part of the Toronto Purchase. In 1798 a patent of this parcel of land along with 200 acres was issued to Jacob Farrand, of Cornwall. The following year it was sold to the Hon. John Elmsley, Chief Justice of the Province of Upper Canada, and in 1834, it was resold to John Simcoe Macauley, a Captain in the Corps of Royal Engineers. These men obtained the land by serving their country in the war. Then it had several owners until Ira Palmer purchased it in 1877 for ninety dollars, and began operating a grocery business. William Burgess bought the store in 1885 and while he was the owner it was burned to the ground. He had it rebuilt in 1890 by the three Blackburn brothers, who drew the bricks by horse and wagon all the way from Whitby. This store was much the same as it is to-day, with a fence across the front and a balcony protruding from the second floor. From that time there were many owners: Edwin Disney, Wilfred Wilson and his brother, Richard, and Fred Davis (Davisville in North Toronto was named after his family). He was the first store- keeper to keep gasoline for sale in five gallon cans. When W.P. Jones became the owner, in 1913, he transported his stock consisting of eggs, butter and other produce to Toronto by light wagon and team, disposed of it, and returned the next day with merchandise for his own store. Compared to the storekeeper of today, he carried on a very complex business of buying and selling. Icecream was transported to Glen Major by train and from there brought to Balsam, where it was sold by the bucket from a platform located at the west side of the store. New owners followed in rapid succession: Adam Spears, Reuben Besse (Mrs. Besse was a sister of Fred Evans), Dawson Sherwin, Oscar Shaw, Frank Wade, Joe Callahan and the Eldreds. Orr and Maudie Graham are the present owners handling almost everything from thumb tacks to wrist watches. It is a drug store, hardware and community gossip centre all combined. The residents of Balsam called at "Graham's" for their mail until the Post Office was moved a short while ago. All of the latest news was exchanged and it was almost as good as the weekly newspaper. No one seemed in a hurry — always a few minutes to pass the time of day. The grocery still continued, but none of the impersonality that you get from the large chain stores existed there. They were part of the community for over twenty years and had a family of six children: Joan, Dorothy, William, Lynda, Dianne and Debbie, all of whom live outside of the area. In 1877, a Primitive Methodist Church was situated on the lot directly east of Balsam Store (part of Lot 4, Conc. 8, Pickering). No trace of it remains now. Henry Madill taught school at Balsam around 1900, and sold bicycles as a side-line. A bicycle Club was formed and the young men and boys of the community (100 of them) either walked, drove horses or rode bicycles to Balsam every Saturday night to kick football. An Orange Hall was located just east of Balsam on the south side of the ninth Concession. It had been purchased and was moved from the church property at Mount Zion in 1916. Later, a brick-yard was founded on the W.P. Jones property (Lot 2, Conc. 9). A group of Claremont men, including Thomas Condy, Thomas Gregg and a Mr. Trueman (who was the Bank Manager in Claremont) invested their money in the operation. However, none of these men knew anything about the making of bricks and they crumbled even before leaving the yard. One house was built of these bricks and it still stands east of the library in Claremont. Many people in the area bought shares in the Company and all who invested in it lost everything. Mr. Trueman lost not only his money, but his job. Richard (Dick) Day was a native of Balsam and was one of the last to practise a rapidly vanishing profession, a blacksmith. As a boy, he attended school during the winter months and helped his father in the saw mill in the summer, earning fifty cents per week. In 1908, when he was eighteen years of age, he worked on the railroad and helped lay the tracks from Claremont to Ashburn. He and his father operated a threshing unit and did custom work for several years. When not doing this he did blacksmithing. Frank Cooper of Claremont, suggested that he "hang out his shingle" and before long farmers came from as far as Oshawa and Whitby. He worked fifteen hours a day and loved every minute of it. Along with his business, Dick handled a musical saw and fiddle better than anyone in the area. William (Bill) Jordan purchased a lot from Winton White around 1967 and founded a successful welding business. Bill had apprenticed with Jack Ward, of Claremont. He married Freda Philip, of Brougham. Many families constitute the Village of Balsam: the Gates, the Mandersons, the Jamiesons, the Jones', the Empringhams. The village is being surrounded by some very important people including M.P.P. William (Bill) Newman, his wife Mollie and family. Bill, a very busy man, likes nothing better than to have an occasional chat with the "mayor" of Balsam, Orr Graham. Balsam is one of the countless little villages that is gradually being taken over by urban planning. MOUNT ZION The Jones family were the pioneers of Mount Zion, a small hamlet situated on the eighth Concession, in North Pickering. It wasn't until August 26, 1873, that the name "Mount Zion" appeared. Before that, it was known as the Jackson's Congregation preaching charge. Apparently, it was named after John Jackson, who owned the property where the first church was built. Until 1916 or 1917, an Orange Lodge stood on the easterly limits of the present church property. It was then purchased and moved to a farm at Balsam on the ninth Concession. The Temperance Union was very active Illustration: 1914 Pupils at Mount Zion Centenary, Verna, Cotterell, Muriel, Spears, Violet Cotterell, Lloyd Wilson, Ralph Jones, Miss Alma Nutting (Mrs. Soper) Teacher, Walter Carson, Allan Jones, Percy Jones and Lorne Jones. between 1870 and 1890 and again in the early nineteen hundreds. They held their meetings in the Orange Hall weekly, often entertaining neighbouring unions. A formal opening and business portion was conducted followed by a program which was the highlight of the evening. In one case, a member was discharged for drinking cider but he was reinstated the next meeting. Mount Zion was for many years known for its Ball Club. With the Jones brothers, Ronald and Murray, performing on the mound and behind the plate respectively, the team won many trophies. This community has changed very little in the last fifty years and many of the farms are still occupied by descendants of those early families: the Wilsons, Jones, McAvoys, and the Coultis'. However, speculators are moving in, waiting for the final land grab. CHAPTER 18 Pioneer Farms And Families Many of the farms in the Claremont area have fascinating histories — some of them have been handed down through five or six generations of one family. A few have not been described in this book. This may have been for one of several reasons — the property has been divided into many small acreages; the farm has changed hands so many times through the years that it was impossible to get a clear picture of its history, or the information could not be readily obtained. The following is an account of many of these farms, and people who settled in Claremont before 1900. ANDERSON — James Anderson and his wife lived on the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline, one half mile west of the Brock Road in Uxbridge Township. They had fourteen children, twelve boys and two girls. As the family grew up, they all left this area except Alex. He was born February 23, 1865. At the age of fourteen Alex went to work for James Evans on the ninth Concession of Pickering, later known as the Edgar Evans Farm. After nine years with Mr. Evans, he went west to take up land and settled in Battineau, North Dakota. Alex married Annie Perry and to this marriage there were three children, Myrtle of Toronto, Maitland of Claremont and Goldie. He returned to Claremont in 1911. In 1912, Alex and Reuben Besse purchased the livery business from Fred Evans. They continued with this for some time, and finally Alex bought out Reuben's share. In 1916, the business was sold to Thomas Sanderson. At this time Percy Lynn was driving the south mail route. He joined the army and Alex finished out Percy's contract. The route was let out for tender, and bid in by Oscar Barber. Later, Alex moved to Toronto, where he died in March 1925. In 1916, Maitland, like many other boys in the area, worked for the C.P.R. His salary was seventeen cents an hour, ten hours a day. Maitland married Maud Sanderson and they had three sons, Ernie, Earl of Claremont, and Rae of Peterborough. Earl married Helen Wilson, of Balsam, and they have three children: Carol, Ernie and Murray. Rae married Ann Wilson of Lakefield, and they have one daughter, Michelle. This makes five generations of Andersons who have made their home in Claremont. 215 Illustration: 1967 Map of Pickering Township Illustration: Residence of Frank Barkey-Built 1859 (Picture taken in 1880) APPLEBY — Thomas Appleby, one of the early settlers in the area, was a staunch member of the Primitive Methodist congregation. For many years he was a class leader, local preacher and Sunday School Superintendent and often rode twenty miles on horseback to an appointment on the Markham circuit, preached at three places, and returned home the same day. Thomas married Ann Ward (daughter of Richard Ward) of Balsam, the minister being the Rev. William Gledhill, one of the first Primitive Methodist ministers. Thomas and Ann settled on Lot 17, Conc. 9, and they had two children, Thomas and Jennie. They began in very humble circumstances like so many of the early settlers, and in later years moved to Wroxeter, Ontario. Mr. Appleby was a butcher in Claremont for a number of years around 1869-70. This land is now owned by Frabak Corp. BARKEY — The Barkey family originally came from Pennsylvania, U.S.A. In the early 1800's they settled in Whitchurch Township. Daniel Barkey, son of Jacob, and his wife Barbara Pike moved to the present farm Lot 28, Conc. 9, Pickering, in 1837, and built a log cabin. Howard Barkey has the original deed from the Crown for this land. Illustration: Mrs. John Barry The main house was built in 1857 of cut flint stone from the farm and bears the inscription "D.B. — 1857". Daniel was a Mennonite preacher as well as a farmer. They raised a family of six: Peter was a doctor in Pennsylvania; Lydia, Francis and Victor operated shoe stores in Chicago and Levi went to Duluth, West Superior. Wilmot remained on the home farm and married Martha Stouffer. Their family consisted of Mildred of Stouffville; Ella; Mary (Mrs. Clarence Hoover) of Markham; William; and Charles who remained on the farm and married Bessie Mowder. Of his family of five, Clifford married Mary Graham, of Markham; Barbara married Arthur Adams of Markham; Wilmot; Walter married Laima Kivedaras, of West Hill; and Frank, who remained on the home farm. Frank married Donna Johnson and they have four children: Sharyn, Elaine, Glenn and Eric. They are the sixth generation of Barkeys to live on this farm. In 1970, Dr. D, O'Connor purchased the farm and Charles retired to Markham. Frank has a fine herd of Registered Holstein cattle, winning many prizes at fairs throughout this part of the province. BARRY — John Barry was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1824. When he was just a boy, he came to Canada with his parents and settled in Whitchurch and later, near Manilla in Victoria County. In 1845, he married Mary Sharrard and in 1846, settled on a farm just east of Claremont on the eighth Concession. He carried on a very successful business as a butcher. Then, he built a sawmill on the creek just south of the village. It was burned to the ground twice but he persevered. In 1890 he purchased some land and two houses near the C.P.R. station and in 1891, he erected a large Public House and store on the north side of the track. He later became a very wealthy man owning over three thousand acres of land. His daughter was Mrs. Dan Forsyth. Mr. and Mrs. Forsyth had five children: John, Mary (Mrs. (Dr.) Ralph Brodie), George Malcolm, Robert E. and Mildred. John Barry owned Lots 19 and 20, Conc. 7, Pickering, which in later years became known as the Storry farm. In 1859, John Barry sold this parcel of land to Joseph Wixson and from then until 1903, it was owned by a series of persons namely: John Hood, Robert Hopper, and George Gerow. William Storry came from England with his parents and they settled first in Scott Township. He married Elizabeth Smith and in 1903, the family moved to the seventh Concession. They had four children: Levi, Charles, Newton and Hannah. In 1905 William died and willed the farm to his sons, Levi and Charles, and in 1911 Charles purchased Levi's share. Charles Storry married Elizabeth Gostick and they had four children: Mabel, Wesley, Armand William, and Newton (deceased at an early age). Charles died at the age of thirty-seven during the 'flu epidemic that was prevalent in the area and Elizabeth carried on with the farm. Armand moved to Brougham in 1947 and later operated his own gravel business. Wesley and Mabel remained on the farm until 1973, when it was expropriated by the Federal Government. They have continued farming near Listowel, Ontario. BELL — John Bell emigrated from Scotland to Canada with his wife, Margaret Miller (sister of William Miller) in 1834. They settled on Lot 28, Conc. 7. Their family included: Helen (Mrs. James Whitson), Euphemia (Mrs. Robert Welsh), Jane (Mrs. William Welsh), Janet (Mrs. William Cowie), Agnes (Mrs. Frederick Green), Elizabeth (Mrs. James Lawrie), Margaret (Mrs. Alex. Mustard), John M., George and Robert. John M. Bell and his wife, Jane Allison, lived on Lot 28, Conc. 7. His daughter, Mrs. Peter Stewart had two sons, John and Peter, and they remained on the farm until around 1930. John died, then his wife and family, along with Peter, moved to Markham. John had four daughters, Jean, Margaret, Barbara and Aileen. This farm was then sold to Mr. Fred Byer in 1930, Moses Wilson in 1947, and finally to Deward and John Wilson. BENNETT — William Bennett and his wife emigrated from England and settled on Lots 23 and 24, Conc. 9, Pickering, in 1833. Their son Thomas Bennett married Barbara McLelland and had three sons, C.O., who remained on the home farm, and Walter and Sydney, who settled on Lots 21 and 22, Conc. 6, Pickering. William Bennett owned one of the first brick houses in this area. It was one of the finest in the Township "with spacious rooms and massive woodwork". This house was allowed to deteriorate through the years. Then, in the 1940's, Kalman Vizely purchased it, remodelled it, and it is once again one of the finest in the area. This farm is now owned by the Mcllvrides. BENSON — William and Charlotte Benson and family lived first in Manvers, Ontario. In 1880, they moved to Markham Township where they were burned out. From there, they went to Uxbridge Township in 1896. Their family included: Wesley, Milton, Harry, Minnie and May. They all gave up farming, except Milton, who married Mary Evans, daughter of James Evans. They lived on the E.W. Evans farm, Lot 14, Conc. 9, Pickering, and raised a family of seven: Ivan, William, Myrtle, Mary, Jean, Evans and Gordon. In 1955, Mr. and Mrs. Benson retired in Claremont. Milton died in 1955 and his wife lived with Jean (Mrs. Kenneth Reesor) until her death in 1959. Ivan married Etta Sanderson (deceased 1961) and worked for the C.P.R. most of his life. He then, married Mabel Sanderson and they live in Agincourt. Ivan has two daughters, Edna and Mildred . William married Isobel Cooper and farmed west of Claremont until they retired in Stouffville. They have two daughters, Enid and June. Myrtle (Mrs. Mark Linton) lives in Toronto. Mark retired from the T.T.C. in 1967. Their children include: Bernice, Howard (deceased), Jean and Audrey. Mary married William Goar of Hamilton. She has one son, John. Jean married Kenneth Reesor and farmed until Ken's death in 1967. They had one child who died in infancy. Jean now resides in Stouffville. Evans married Margaret Norton. In 1944 they bought the William Edwards farm (Lot 13, Conc. 9) and Evans is employed by the C.P.R. They have five children: Mary, Harry, Stanley, Dorothy and Donald. Gordon married Norma Beverley and they live in Claremont. He is the foreman of Pickering Township Roads Department. Their family include: Robert, Grace, Thomas and Blanche. BENTLEY — Nathan Bentley was born in Syracuse, New York State. He came to Canada in 1831 and purchased a bush farm on Lot 32, Conc. 8, Pickering, where he resided until his death in 1874. One of his daughters, Mrs. C. McAvoy, remained on the farm until the death of her husband. The place then changed hands to Mr. A. Carruthers in 1907, and has been handed down to their son Ernest. He married Edna Wagg and they have one daughter, Ruth. Atha's first schoolhouse was erected on the corner of this farm. BEVERLEY — Samuel Beverley emigrated from Yorkshire, England, around 1856, and purchased W½ of Lot 21, Conc. 9, Pickering, from John Macnab. At this time a Primitive Methodist chapel was on the corner of this farm, but around 1864-65, it was torn down in favour of one being built in the village of Claremont. They remained there until around 1880. Samuel did a great deal of hunting and trapping and his family included: John, William, Jane, Thomas, Luther, Sarah, Bert, Elizabeth, Adeline, Isabelle, and Frances. There are many descendants of this family still living in the area. Elizabeth married Albert Slack and they had two children, Wesley and Lila (Mrs. Leslie Gauslin). Bert married Maria Johnston and their family included: Bert, George, Delia, and David. Addie married James Allbright and their son, Russell, had the following children, Malcolm, Melville and Mary. Isabelle (Bella) married Richard Carruthers and their family were, Ellwood, Irene, Hoyle, and Erwin. The remaining members of the Beverley family moved mostly to the Uxbridge area. This section of land was combined with the east half by the Macnabs in 1880-81 and later became part of the Underhill farm (Frank Carson's). BIRRELL — Ebenezer Birrell was born in Scotland in 1801. In 1834, he came to Canada and settled on Lots 9 and 10, Conc. 7, Pickering. He was one of a family of nine children. In earlier years he travelled all over Scotland sketching landscapes and later came to Canada. He married Janet Mackey and they made their home back a long winding lane, known as ''Maple Hall''. In 1836 he became the owner of another piece of land, Lot 11, Conc. 7. In all, he owned 400 acres of land. Ebenezer became a very prominent citizen. He was President of Pickering Agricultural Society (1853-1859); local Superintendent of Education (1856-1865) and for a while was Lieutenant-Colonel, commanding the Fourth Battalion of Ontario Militia. He was Justice of the Peace and became known as "Squire" Birrell. For many years he was an Elder in the Presbyterian Church in Claremont and became famous for his art. He died in 1888 and his family were: Janet, John, James, David and Christine (Mrs. Arthur Johnston). David and his wife (Catherine Johnston) farmed there for many years. They had five children, the youngest of which was Robert. He became the owner and operator of the farm until his death in 1941. His wife, Mildred, carried on until 1963, when she sold "Maple Hall" and moved to Port Perry. This farm is now owned by Homer Jackson. Upon Ebenezer's death, the easterly 162 acres passed to his son James, and sixty acres along the sideroad, between Lots 10 and 11, Conc. 7, passed to his daughter Christine, who married Arthur Johnston (a former Mount Zion school teacher). Following World War I, Milton Pegg and D.V. Hoskins, who had served together in France, purchased the easterly 162 acres of the James Birrell estate. D.V. Hoskins took the northerly eighty-one acres and Milton Pegg, the southerly eighty-one acres. Milton Pegg turned to the teaching profession and taught at the Industrial Farm at Burwash until 1927. Mr. Hoskins became a very successful Doctor of Chiropractics. To-day, his son, Reginald operates the eighty-one acres along with 100 acres on Lot 8, Conc. 8. In 1927, Milton Pegg purchased twenty acres on Lot 10, Conc. 7, from his father, Andrew Pegg, to have the standard 100 acre farm. Milton and his wife have three sons: Edward, Alfred and Joseph. This farm is now owned by Robert (Bobbie) Baun. BORLAND — Joseph Borland became the owner of Lots 19 and 20, Conc. 8, Pickering in May 1906. Previous to this, the owners had been William Dawes, Andrew McGlashan and James Underhill. One acre of Lot 19 had been sold to the School Section upon which was erected a schoolhouse (Claremont Public School). Also, small parcels were sold to Margaret and Jane Hamilton, Duncan Macnab and Frank Cooper, upon which the stone store was built, and the large houses now occupied by Messrs. Allen Graham and Peter Garland, formerly owned by the Hamiltons and Underhills respectively. Joseph Borland married Blanche Mantle and they had one son, Gordon, who held the position of district supervisor of dairy products for the Federal Government. He married Mary Wilson and they lived in Moncton, New Brunswick, until his death in 1970. His wife and son then came to Claremont and now live in the Borland home. After Joseph Borland died, Mr. Cecil Slack, among others, rented the farm, then, around 1949, it was sold to Mr. Leslie McCullough. It is now owned by Warchester Investments Ltd., Toronto. BOYER — Samuel and Benjamin Boyer, of Pennsylvanian descent, came to Pickering in the early forties. Samuel settled on Lot 12, Conc. 7. He had two sons, Abraham, Jonas, and a daughter (Mrs. John Miller). Benjamin lived in Whitchurch. His son, David, settled on Lots 13 and 14, Conc. 7, Pickering, about 1845. Here he ran a carding mill for many years. In 1858, he sold Lot 13, Conc. 7, to James Madill and his wife, Hannah Boyer. Joseph Boyer, who became a successful inventor and manufacturer in Detroit, bought the farm and the Madills retired in Claremont. Then, Gordon Hodgson, grandson of Charles Hodgson, who emigrated from England in 1843, bought the property now containing Lots 13 and 14, Conc. 7. Gordon married Ethel Hamlin in 1916 and they had five children: Fred, Russell, Doris, Helen, and Mary. Gordon and Ethel retired to Brougham and the property became the Cherry Downs Golf Course. Russell and his wife, Edna Beelby, have four children: Shirley, Gordon, Douglas and Ronald. Samuel Boyer passed his farm, Lot 12, Conc. 7, to his son Abraham, who was killed in their mill in 1904. Thomas W. Bayles purchased the Boyer mill and farm in 1905 and he and his sons, John and Walter, worked the farm and operated the saw and grist mill (these were called the "Cold Water Mills"). Thomas was killed in 1907, while moving a piledriver up to the dam to do repair work. John Bayles bought the farm in 1910. In March, 1911, John married Beatrice Linton (youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Linton), and they had one daughter, Margaret (Mrs. Walter Pascoe). John worked the farm and the mill until the Conservation Authority expropriated the property, in 1962. Mr. and Mrs. Bayles then purchased the Ray Scott residence across the road. Mrs. Bayles now lives in Port Perry. BUNDY — John Bundy emigrated from England in 1832 with his wife and two children. His little daughter died before they arrived in Canada and was buried at sea. They settled first in Uxbridge township and then in Claremont, John excelling in the carpentry trade. His family: George (who was a cabinet maker and undertaker), John, Samuel, Abraham, William and Joshua (who carried on the tinsmithing business in Claremont). Their residence was just south of the Old Methodist Church and it became known as the "Bundy Block". BURGESS — George Burgess married Mary Ward and lived on Lot 13, Conc. 9. Their family included: Elizabeth (Mrs. Wm. Linton), Jane (Mrs. G. Bowes), William, Sarah, Joseph, Margaret, Matilda, George, Rachel (Mrs. J.A. Jones, Lot 4, Conc. 7), and Alice. BURTON — Thomas Burton emigrated from Yorkshire, England, to Markham, about 1830. His three children, Thomas, Israel, and Richard, all settled in Pickering. Richard first farmed on Lot 27, Conc. 9, and in 1850 moved to Lot 16, Conc. 6. They had five children, Mary, Thomas, John (who remained on the farm), Lydia, and Nicholas (who was a harness maker in Claremont for over thirty years). Richard's son, John, then operated the old homestead. They had two sons, Orville and Norman. Orville remained on Lot 16, Conc. 6, while Norman purchased the farm on the Brock Road, Lot 19, Conc. 7. Norman married Jessie Russell and they had three children: Dorothy (Mrs. Earle Cook of Claremont), Arnold, and Howard. Mrs. Norman Burton now resides in Stouffville. BYER — Apparently one named Jonas Byer acquired Lot 30, Conc. 8, Pickering, sometime prior to 1873. Between this date and 1878, the farm was rented and in March, 1878, Henry Byer received the deed of the 100 acres. Mr. Joseph Byer acquired the land from his father in 1905 and his son, George, took over in 1938. George Byer sold the farm in 1954 to J. McMurray, of Toronto. The first set of buildings are now removed, the barn being immediately west of the present barn and the original house in the same location as the present one. This farm was sold again in 1968 and is now in the expropriated area. COCHRANE — William Cochrane, a native of Ireland, came to Canada in 1845. He first lived in Pickering, then moved to Burford Township and helped to lay the railway between Paris and Woodstock. He returned to Pickering, and worked for the Miller family of Atha. He married Elizabeth Devitt and after working four years at Atha, they moved to Lot 11, Conc. 8. They had ten children including: Jane (Mrs. David Pilkey), Elizabeth (Mrs. W.H. Coates), Josephine, Agnes and James. Lot 11, Conc. 8, was deeded from Crown Land in the early 1800's. James Macauley had purchased it from Chief Justice Elmsley and this was part of the land known as the Toronto Purchase. Then the Linton brothers purchased it, each having fifty acres with separate sets of buildings. William Cochrane bought both farms around 1862 and built the present buildings. He was a Shorthorn importer and made several trips to Scotland to purchase breeding stock. His daughter Josephine and son James, ran the farm until the early 1900's. This farm was then rented to Emerson Ormerod, James Stevenson, and Norman Linton, respectively. In 1937, William Pegg bought the farm. Mr. and Mrs. Pegg had four children: Sheila, David, Marion and Gerald. The next owner was Ralph Hyatt, in 1963. The Hyatts owned the farm until 1973, when they sold and moved near Cameron, Ontario. COOPER — William Cooper emigrated from England with his wife and family about 1830. They settled first at Whitevale, but later moved to Lot 25, Conc. 9. Their sons, Richard and Charles, farmed on Lot 22, Conc. 9, until Richard died in 1863. Charles had married Isabella O'Brien in 1843, Elder George Barclay performing the ceremony. Their family included: Jane, George (who married Catherine Michell and worked the home farm until 1908, when they moved to Claremont), Hugh, William, Olive, Mary and Charles. The family of George Cooper included: Isabella (Mrs. A. Rawson), Mary (Mrs. John Underhill), Frank (who married Mary Ward and lived on Illustration: Rowena Cooper (Mrs. Frank Barclay), Georgina Forsyth, and Aldine Ward (Mrs. W.R. Evans). the old homestead), Lillian (Mrs. G.M. Forsyth), Bertha (Mrs. Walter Ward), Herbert and Blanche (Mrs. Stanley Cook). Mr. and Mrs. Frank Cooper had five children: Rowena (Mrs. Frank Barclay), Isobel (Mrs. William Benson), Ilene, Charles (who married Mildred Carson), and Richard (who married Grace Tomlinson). Isobel, her husband and family lived on the home farm until a few years ago when they retired to Stouffville. COULTIS — William Coultis emigrated from Yorkshire in 1828, first settling in Scarborough and, then in Pickering. He purchased Lot 11, Conc. 7, from the Canada Land Company, then his son George purchased Lot 2, Conc. 8; the first half in 1840, and the remaining half in 1857. He was one hundred years of age when he died. George's son, William, then took over the farm. Their sons, Frank and Blake, and daughter, Alberta, later became the owners. Frank (now deceased) recalled his grandfather telling him that the squatters who had settled in this area were sometimes paid as high as $300 to get off the land. The crown deed of the south farm, written on parchment, is still in their possession. Lot 11, Conc. 7, was willed to Richard, son of William Coultis Sr., who lived there until 1864, when it was sold to William Smith, a stone mason from Northern Ireland, for $2,000. His daughter Jane married Abraham Boyer, operator of the Boyer mill. In 1875, Mr. Smith sold the farm to Arthur Johnston. About 1910, Mr. Johnston advertised his farm in the Family Herald and Weekly Star. It was seen by Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Pegg of LaSalle, Manitoba, who, wishing better educational opportunities for their children, decided to buy the Johnston property. This farm was rented to different members of the family until, in 1959, it was sold to Metro Conservation for $35,000. This land became the Claremont Conservation Area. COWIE — William Cowie came from Dumfriesshire, Scotland, around 1834, and settled on Lot 26, Conc. 7, Pickering, which remained in the Cowie name until around 1944, when it was purchased by Alexander Gray. This land was originally part of the land that was given to Captain George Law for war services. William married Jenett (Janet) Bell, daughter of John Bell, the first postmaster of Atha. They also owned the E¼ Lot 27, Conc. 8, Pickering. Their family included: James, who married Catharine Sharrard, daughter of Aaron Sharrard (not a sister as in the History of Brougham, P. 380); John married Evaleena Lapp, of Altona; William married Agnes Dunkeld and they had one daughter, Annie Louise (Mrs. Russell Davidson); after Agnes' death, he married Catharine Sharrard, widow of James Cowie; Elizabeth married Elias Bice; Robert died at the age of one, and Maggie married John Kerr and moved to Brooklin. James' family were: William Edwin, who married Mary Graham, and had one daughter, Margaret (Mrs. Victor Symes), and Fred, who married Meta Cowie. COWIE — Robert Cowie and his wife, Hannah Dixon, came from Mara Township to the north half of Lot 27, Conc. 7, Pickering, about 1890. They had one daughter, Meta, and one son, Russell. Meta married Fred Cowie (no relation) and had one daughter, Irene (Mrs. Thomas Philip). Russell married Grace Lynn, of Toronto, where they still reside, and they have no family. Fred Cowie was a long time member of the Claremont Football Club and his brother- in-law Russell, also played for a number of years. In 1932, this farm, which was originally the Atha Picnic Grounds, was sold to Frederick William Mitchell, who had emigrated from England with his family and settled on the fourth Concession of Pickering. Frederick married Sarah Ann Wright and moved to Rosebank around 1890. From this marriage there were two children — John Edgar and Eva May (Mrs. Frank Torrance). From Rosebank they moved to Cherrywood and then to Atha. Frederick died in 1946. Edgar and his wife, Charlotte Cathcart, carried on the farm for fifteen years. They had two children: William, who married Eileen Dixon, and Florence (Mrs. Austin Metcalfe). In 1961, the Mitchells sold the farm and moved to Markham. William and Eileen have two sons, Murray and Wayne. Since that time, this farm has been divided into many smaller parcels of land and is now in the expropriated area. DAVIDSON — James I. Davidson emigrated from Aberdeenshire, in 1843. He settled on Lot 1, Conc. 8, and became very well known as a breeder and importer of cattle. He built a log house for his family, of which only two, James I. and Mary (Mrs. William Miller) remained in Pickering. The Pickering Story, by William A. McKay, states that "When the land was being cleared the field stones were put aside to be used in building a larger house at a later date. In 1865 Mr. Davidson engaged William Pearson of Ashburn, a stonemason, to build his new house. The only stones used in the construction of the house that were not found on the property, were the lintels which were quarried somewhere about the 6th Concession. The house is 40 feet by 30 feet with a kitchen wing which is approximately 30 feet by 30 feet. The walls are 24 inches thick and the stonework was done for 75s a rod. The lime used in the stonework was from limestone found on the land and fired there. The house has a centre hall and originally had a parlour and parlour bedroom on one side and an office and a dining room on the other side with four bedrooms and a sitting room upstairs in the main house. The stairway is enclosed and the stair rail is of pine from trees on the farm. All the doors, windows and other woodwork were made by hand by James Nimmo, who agreed to do this work between January 16th and October 1st, 1866, for the sum of $263.00. The lumber used in the building was brought from Brock Township and seasoned for 10 years before being used. The brick bake oven and the soap and ash bed which were in the cellar and the two fireplaces have, unfortunately, been removed in the past 10 years. The Carriage house and woodshed were added 13 years after the building of the main house and the stonemason was a nephew of Mr. William Pearson, the original builder. The stonework in the addition is very well matched to that of the original house." This property was later owned by Mrs. Walter Kerr, a granddaughter of James I. Davidson, and sold several times until 1954, when it was purchased by the present owners, Brigadier and Mrs. J.G. Spragge. DAY — Early in the 183O's, George Day and his wife, Jane (Nellest), came from Yorkshire. They had departed from Whitby, England, and landed at Whitby, Canada. Here, they settled on Crown Land, Lot 7, Conc. 5, Pickering Township. Their family included: William, Mary (Mrs. William Jones), Annie (Mrs. Robert Sadler), John, Jane (Mrs. William Lee), Hannah (unmarried), and Thomas. They lived there a short while, then moved to Balsam. Thomas married Mary Sadler and they had a son, Robert, who operated a portable sawmill at Evansville (east of Claremont). He also did custom threshing. Later they lived about one mile south of Claremont and he operated Barry's mill. Robert married Hannah Flint and their family included: Jessie, Richard, William, and Annie Sophia (Mrs. Alvin Bushby). Richard (Dick) was caretaker and fireman at Cedar Creek School, while he was a pupil there. He received ten cents (each time) for sweeping the school, and one dollar per month for lighting the fire. At the age of twelve, he began threshing with his father. He married Sarah Hopkins in 1916, and has lived in the same house in Balsam since that time. Sarah died, and in 1933 he married Elsie Walker. His family included: Charles, Delma (Mrs. Clifford Martin), and Doris (Mrs. Gerald Westgarth). DERUSHA — Francis DeRusha was born in Uxbridge Township, of French and English descent. His parents had settled in Quebec early in the 1800's then later moved to Uxbridge. Francis married Jemima Slack and took up farming and later threshing. They had eleven children: James, Charles, Martha (who died at the age of twenty), Arthur married Bertha Beverley, Sarah Doyle (Mrs. Walter Hardy), Minnie (Mrs. Robert Redshaw), Frank married Pearl Beverley, Elizabeth (Mrs. George Todd), Dora (died at three months), Ethel (Mrs. Parringder), and Ross (killed in the First World War). Charles, Sarah (Doyle), Minnie, Ethel and Frank, all lived in Claremont in earlier years. Sarah had one son, Arnold (Pete) Hardy; Minnie had four children: Vila (Mrs. Talbert Evans), Charles, Ross and Rowena (Mrs. Jack Lehman). Frank had three children: Ileane, George, and Mae. Ethel had no children. In 1896, Jemima died and Francis married Margaret Linton. They remained in Claremont from then on. DOLPHIN — James Dolphin was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1814. He married Mary Martha DeRusha and they settled on Lots 16 and 17, Conc. 7, Pickering. They farmed there until his death in 1884. She then retired to Claremont, where she lived until her death in 1909. They built the brick dwelling around 1880 and had nine children: Jane, Martha, George, William, Susan, Charles, Jamima, Duncan and Ellen. They were active members of the Claremont Baptist Church, William being a deacon for many years. Jane married John Cowie and farmed on Lot 18, Conc. 7, then moved to Markham. Martha married Joseph Brown, who was killed on the railroad in 1895. They were living in Locust Hill at that time. She then returned to Claremont. Emma, unmarried, lived in Claremont, and Ida married Widmer Miller. They had three children: Dorothy, Bruce and Carl. They moved to Oshawa in 1939. Dorothy married Bruce Taylor of Goodwood, and Bruce and Carl reside in Oshawa. Illustration : Residence of Cleeve Horne -Concession VIII, Pickering. Duncan Dolphin was born in 1871. He married Mary Ham and they had two daughters, Gladys and Doris. After farming in the south part of the township, he settled on Lot 23, Conc. 7, where he resided for over twenty years. He retired to Claremont in 1942, and lived there until his death in 1954. Gladys married Stanley Byers of Greenwood, and they had one daughter, Lois. Gladys died in 1925. Doris married John A. Norton, who died in 1972. She now resides in Claremont. Lots 16 and 17 were bought by Edward E. Pugh and about 1900, were taken over by his son, Fred and his wife, Alice Pilkey. They farmed there until 1944, when their son, Lloyd and his wife, Margaret (Wallace), took over. They had three children: Barbara (Mrs. Fred Moore) lives in Alliston; Wallace (who married Fern Hale and has a veterinary practice in Forest, Ontario); and Rodney (attending Ryerson Poly technical School). In 1970, they sold the farm to Sydchris Ltd. and moved to Pickering Village. John Dolphin, brother of James, settled on Lot 16, Conc. 8, Pickering. This parcel was a patent of the Canada Company in 1833. Then in 1877, John Dolphin became the owner. It passed through many hands: Francis Soden, Carol Pearson, and in 1952, Cleve Horne became the owner. Mr. Horne, an accomplished artist, built himself an unique glass home. He hired Jack Hill and his wife, Alma, as farm operators until 1972, when they retired to Uxbridge. Mr. Horne still resides on the farm. One of the distressing aspects of an airport site is the deterioration of life in the adjacent land area; be it farm land which will suffer from noise and air pollution or streams and wild life habitats killed by the unnatural environment or homes made unfit to live in because of airport traffic. People and animals thus affected are rightfully called "The Uncompensated Losers." One such site, located only ¾ mile from a projected runway is the home and property of Mr. and Mrs. Cleeve Horne. The area, encompassing two hundred acres, has been maintained as farm land and a natural sanctuary for fish, birds and animal life; such as deer, pheasant, fox, the blue heron and occasionally a timber wolf. The vegetation supports such rarities as the Fiddlehead Fern, Jack in the Pulpit, May Apple, Bittersweet, Wild Ginger and a magnificent growth of the Ontario symbol, the Trillium. The pond and stream also provide a resting place for migratory wild fowl. The Hornes will face an even greater threat if the airport is built. Their home, a building of international architectural importance and engineering accomplishment, will be particularly vulnerable to damage by aircraft. The roof structure based on the principle of the Hyperbolic Parabaloid, rests gracefully on its two low points. As a need for a bearing wall has been eliminated by the self-supporting roof, only full length glass windows are used to protect the interior. The concept, possible in theory for years, became practical with the invention of reinforced concrete and was realized in this building by the Toronto Architects' firm of Clifford and Lawrie in 1958. How long this home of future historic interest would remain intact with 747's passing 100 feet overhead is a point for speculation. DUNN — Thomas Dunn and his wife emigrated from Scotland in 1855, and settled in Claremont. He was appointed Deputy Returning Officer in 1870, and was Township Auditor for over thirty years, from 1874 to 1904. EDWARDS — John Edwards came from Cornwall to Canada in 1846. He and his wife, Jane Best, settled first in Markham and then in Pickering around 1860. Their family were: William, John, and Mary Jane (Mrs. Edward E. Pugh). William had four children: Sarah, Judson, Mabel, and Arthur who died at one year. In 1877, they purchased Lot 5, Conc. 8, Pickering, from George Day. This was another part of the Farrand-Elmsley-Macaulay purchase, that had originally been granted in 1798. Two of the Edwards children were born in a log house, then in 1895, the brick house was built. Mr. Harry Found, of Claremont, was the mason and Mr. Thomas Patterson, the carpenter (his wages were $125). Mr. John White purchased the property in 1925 and rented it to more than one family at a time. Then in 1949, Mr. and Mrs. Winton White moved in to make it their home. They found the interior in rather poor condition, one room had housed chickens at several points in time, and the outside was very neglected. The Whites transformed the house and gardens into a beautiful home. In 1966 Mr. and Mrs. William Newman bought the farm. Illustration: The Forgies-Barbara, Mary, Annie, their Mother Barbara Duncan Forgie, Elizabeth Agnes, Isabelle and Jennie. EMPRINGHAM — Thomas Pugh, son of Hugh Pugh Sr., and his wife, Sarah Ward settled on Lot 9, Conc. 8, Pickering. They had four children. Their daughter, Minnie, married W.G. Scott and they subsequently became the owners. In 1884, George and Charles Empringham (twins) were born just east of Claremont on Lot 16, Conc. 8. The family later moved to Mount Zion (Lot 9, Conc. 8), and there, they received their early schooling. In 1895 they moved to Scarborough Junction where Charlie became well-known in the art of blacksmithing while George became interested in farming. Charlie married Ida Walton, of Scarborough, and they had two sons, Joseph and Lloyd (Bus). They returned to Mount Zion in 1928. Joseph married Lillian Dawson and Lloyd married Blanche Lee. In 1945, Charlie and his wife again moved to Scarborough, and Joseph took over the farm. In 1959, Charlie purchased a home on Lane Street, Claremont, but did not have long to enjoy it because he died that fall. Joseph and Lillian left the farm and took up residence with his mother in Claremont. Upon her death Joseph purchased the house in Claremont. The farm now belongs to Edward G. Falkenberg. George Empringham and his wife, Minnie Craig, had three children: Velma, Jack (who married Fanny Woolhead), and Margaret. In 1952, George retired to a home on the Brock Road, just north of Claremont. He died in 1961, and Mrs. Empringham is still living with her daughter in Scarborough. Jack lives in Balsam. His two children, George and Shirley (Mrs. Donald Jamieson), live on neighbouring farms. FORGIE — John Forgie came from Scotland to Canada in 1852. He married Barbara Duncan in 1860, and they settled near Cherrywood. After Illustration: Mr. and Mrs. David Dawson. five years, they moved to N½ Lot 19, Conc. 9, and in 1897 retired in Claremont. Their family included: John, Mary, James, Isabella, Jean, John (who farmed on Lot 19, Conc. 9, until his retirement), Annie and Agnes. John became the Reeve of Pickering Township in 1923-24. His first wife was Miss Bowes who died in 1906. They had two sons, Murray and William. Then in 1906, he married Charlotte Howitt. He was very active in all community affairs. In 1925 they sold the farm to David Dawson. He and his wife, the former Edith Fell, had emigrated from England to Canada in 1904. They settled first at Cherrywood and the first person they met upon arrival, was William Teefy, a devout Roman Catholic. They shook hands, and Mr. Teefy remarked, "You go to your church and I'll go to mine but we'll walk along together." They became great friends. Later, they went to Locust Hill, and in 1925 they settled on the Forgie farm. They had three daughters: Helen (Mrs. Dean Mairs), Lucy (Mrs. William Boyington), and Lillian (Mrs. Joseph Empringham), and two sons: David and Robert. David Sr. died in 1948. FRETZ — George Anderson was the original owner of Lots 29 and 30, Conc. 9, Pickering. It changed hands several times: Abijah Jones bought fifty acres of it in 1825, for twenty-five pounds, then Jacob Clock and Jacob Lehman, John White, Daniel and Jacob Hoover, became the owners. They in turn, sold it to Edward Myer (Mrs. Samuel Fretz's grandfather). Mr. Myer was born in Switzerland in 1842. When he was thirteen years of age, he came to Canada, and at first worked at Ratcliffs west of Stouffville. He was a hatmaker, and unable to acquire the rye straw suitable for making hats, he made nine trips across the ocean to replenish his supply. Each time he brought some relatives or friends with him, until there was quite a settlement. He also brought silks, linen tablecloths, and watches, some of which are still used by his descendants. In 1876, Mr. Myer came to Lot 29 and N ½ Lot 30, Conc. 9, Pickering. In later years he purchased a farm at Zephyr and walked from the ninth to Zephyr to work the land. In order to work the farm on the ninth, the many stones had to be dug out by hand and buried. His task was so great that he finally became crippled with rheumatism. The next owner was Levi Grove (father of Mrs. Fretz). He purchased the farm in 1908, and built the barn in 1909. His daughter and son-in-law had already set up farming on the eighth Concession of Markham, but because Mr. Grove needed help to run the farm, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Fretz sold their farm and moved to Pickering. They had a large sugar bush and every spring they sold as many as one hundred gallons of maple syrup. They began killing meat and growing vegetables and for years their family frequented the St. Lawrence Market in Toronto, getting up before sunrise to make the long trip. Mr. and Mrs. Fretz had a family of six: Alma (Mrs. Louis Reesor), Norman married Anna Morrison, Orville married Marjorie Petty, Lois (Mrs. Morris Hoover), Levi married Laura Thorvaldson who died, Levi then married Evelyn Grimshaw, and Maryann (Mrs. Beland Schlabach). Mrs. Fretz now lives in Stouffville and her son, Norman, operates a butcher business on part of this farm, which is now in the expropriated area. GAUSLIN — George Gauslin and his wife, Jane Gauby, emigrated from England and settled on Lot 13, Conc. 8, Pickering. Their family were: Joseph, Elizabeth, Richard, Thomas (Lot 14, Conc. 7), Susan, Hannah, Eliza, Amelia, John (who remained on the farm), and Mary, John married Addie Tucker and they had three children: Walter, Herman and Ethel (Mrs. John Murray). They retired from the farm in 1970. Herman and Ethel both died in 1972, and Walter moved to Stouffville. This farm is now owned by Joseph Vercherne. Ethel's family include: Walter, and Jean (Mrs. Cecil McMordie). GOSTICK — In June of the year 1832, the first Gostick set foot on Canadian soil. After thirteen weeks of sailing, they landed in Montreal, continued their journey to Upper Canada, and settled in Pickering Township. For one hundred and forty-two years, the direct line of the Rev. Thomas Gostick has owned and operated Lot 24 N, Conc. 7, where five generations of Gosticks have made their home. The name Gostick has endured throughout a long period of history, and is recorded in England, as early as 1209. Sir Robert Gostick built the famous St. Lawrence Church in Bedford, England. At the time of John Bunyan's sentence to prison, Sir William was the magistrate of Bedford, but did not consent to his imprisonment. The Rev. Thomas, direct line of the Gosticks of Bedford, married Sarah Spearing Burton of Essex, England. To this union were born two sons and three daughters, and one child who died before their departure from England. Thomas Fleming Gostick married Elizabeth Scarr of Drayton and lived on the homestead; John Gostick married Priscilla Hailey of Claremont; they later moved to London, Ontario; Liza married Alfred Tracy who lived on a fifty acre farm on the ninth Concession (retired in Claremont); Sarah married William Tracy and settled in Minesing, Ontario; Mary Ann married John Baillie and moved to Toronto, Ontario. To Thomas Gostick and Elizabeth Scarr were born Thomas Calvert and Frederick, also a daughter, Elizabeth. Fred Gostick married Hattie Whittleton of Goodwood, Ontario. They reside on Lot 24, Conc. 7. To them were born two sons and six daughters: Maurice John, killed in a car accident in 1941; Russel Frederick married Ethel Ward and has one son, Gary Russel — they reside on Lot 24, Conc. 7; Muriel is teaching at Green River; Myrtle (Mrs. Walter Foote); Kathleen Isobel is on the teaching staff of North York; Ellen Jean (Nellie) married William Hopkins of Ashburn and is at present, Brooklin Public School Librarian. They have one son, Maurice William; Ada Elizabeth (Mrs. Fred Hodgson) lives in Brougham and is employed at Chesebrough — Pond's (Canada) Ltd.; Edith May is employed as a Receptionist at the Baptist Church House in Toronto. GOSTICK — The northern half of Lot 24, Conc. 7, where the Machpelah (Gostick) Cemetery is located, was originally owned by Samuel George who had emigrated to Canada early in the 1800's. It was sold to John Gostick, Adam Spears, Alexandra Spears, Hugh Gregg, and then to Thomas Calvert Gostick, in 1896. When Frank Gostick was married in 1923, he and his wife (Pearl Phillip) took over the farm. They had two children, Gordon and Ilene (Mrs. Merlin Pugh). In 1966, they sold the farm to Shea Real Estate and moved to Stouffville. Part of this property was purchased by Frank Russell and is now in the expropriated area. GRAHAM — Richard Graham was a native of Dumfriesshire, in Scotland. Born in 1828, he came to Canada when a young man. He made many trips to Scotland crossing the ocean fifty- two times, bringing back to Canada, Clydesdales, Hackneys and ponies of high quality. In 1882, he became a victim of pneumonia and passed away at his home, Cairnbrogie Farm, Claremont, leaving his wife, the former Mary Armstrong, daughter of Robert Armstrong of Markham Township and a family of five sons, Robert, William, David, George and Thomas, and two daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret. His sons inherited their father's love of good horses and continued to import from Scotland. Their success in the show ring at many of the leading fairs and exhibitions on this continent, such as the Canadian National Exhibition, Toronto; the Ottawa and London, Ontario Exhibitions; Chicago Internationals, Chicago, Illinois; and Madison Square Gardens, New York, won them many trophies and medals. Following the death of William, in 1932, the farm was sold and two remaining members of the family, Thomas and Margaret, moved to the Village of Claremont. The farm was later purchased by Winton White and his wife, Lila Barclay. Then Mr. and Mrs. H. Hilge bought it, and transformed the house into the "Claremont Nursing Home Ltd." This property has now been expropriated and Mr. and Mrs. Hilge are planning a new Nursing Home in Uxbridge. GRAHAM — Thomas Graham married Elizabeth Nesbitt and farmed on Lot 22, Conc. 8, Pickering. They retired to the former Presbyterian Manse, in Claremont. Their family included: James (married Mary Smith), Margaret (the dressmaker), John (married Jane Jones), Stewart (married Etta Neal), Elizabeth Ann (Mrs. Kirkwood Beelby), and Mary (Mrs. William E. Cowie). GREGG — Lot 25, Conc. 8. In the early 1830's, Hugh Gregg with his wife and family of ten (six boys and four girls), left Northern Ireland to settle in Canada. After spending three years near German Mills, they moved to Pickering Township. Shortly after, Mr. Gregg passed away. Of the sons, two stayed in Pickering Township — Joseph (Lot 26, Conc. 8), and Hugh (Lot 25, Conc. 8). Joseph Gregg had a family of nine, of which four lived in this area. Hugh continued living on his father's farm, later moving to Claremont (opposite the United Church). He had a family of three girls — Eva (Mrs. William Pugh, whose son, Hugh, still lives in the area), Nellie (Mrs. William Palmer), and Lizzie (Mrs. Charles Elliott, of Brooklin). John Gregg married Cora McAvoy, daughter of T.C. McAvoy and former teacher at Mount Zion School. John was a business man in Claremont. Illustration: Three Generations of Greggs -David Gregg, Hugh Gregg and Hugh Gregg (Age 83) -1910. Ruth lived with her parents, and Ellen (Mrs. Andrew Storry) lived on Lot 23, Conc. 8. Hugh Gregg, brother of Joseph, continued on the farm, part of which had been purchased by his mother in 1845, and the remainder in 1868. He and his wife, Noble Lindsay, had a family of four — Thomas, David, Jennie (Mrs. Thomas Condy), and Margaret (Mrs. David McFarlane). David continued the family farm and also farmed the south part of Lot 26, Conc. 9. He married Lizzelle Little, who had taught school in Claremont. They had a family of four — two sons, Hugh and Gordon and two daughters, Isobel and Jean. Thomas Gregg married Isabella Palmer (sister of William) and lived on Wixson Street, in Claremont. She only lived two years and the house, built by William Leaper, was sold to William Palmer. The two brothers, David and Hugh, were twins. Hugh had settled in Pickering, while David settled in Reach. Later, Hugh thought that he would like to be nearer his brother. Another brother, Joseph, had bought land in Reach and the two agreed to trade farms. The one in Reach was all bush. After some months of back-breaking labour, Hugh asked Joe to trade back again. This was arranged. Shortly afterwards a tornado passed through that part of Reach, levelling a good portion of Joe's farm. The farm (S½ of N½ Lot 25, Conc. 8), known as the Gregg farm, was in the family over one hundred years passing from Hugh Sr. to David, and then to Hugh Jr. In 1968 it was sold to K.D. Walmarck and Elaine Pitt HAMILTON — Four sons of John Hamilton emigrated from Duns, Berwickshire, Scotland, to Canada in the early 1800's. William, opened a store at York Mills and later moved to Uxbridge. His grandson became the village postmaster. William was followed by John and Alexander, who came together, then later, the fourth brother, Robert came. Robert was a teacher and his profession took him to various places. Alexander Hamilton conducted a general store in Claremont from 1856 until 1861, just east of the four corners on the north side of the ninth Concession. He then moved to Albion. He died in 1889. John Hamilton first lived in the vicinity of Weston. He married Mary McGlashan and later moved to Pickering where he farmed for several years in the south part of the township. In 1840 he purchased the north half of Lots 19 and 20, Conc. 9, the north-east angle of which "corners" into the village of Claremont. A stone building was erected on the corner known as "the stone store". It was the first store in the village and was operated by Thomas Noble, the first postmaster. John Hamilton lived on this farm until his death in 1887. His family were: Alison, Helen, John, Janet, Jessie, Margaret, and Andrew. HICKINGBOTTOM — In 1842, John Hickingbottom came to Canada and purchased Lots 2 and 3, Conc. 9, Pickering. Other owners were: 1906 — William Chisholm; 1915 — W.P. Jones; 1959 —Lewis Jones; 1964 — General Sir Neil Ritchie. It was sold again in 1974. The lovely fieldstone home on this farm is approximately 130 years old and shows the excellent workmanship that went into these older dwellings. In 1925, Claremont Brick and Cement Products Ltd. purchased ten acres of land and operated a business from there but this soon went out of existence. A gravel pit was also on this farm, where gravel was drawn out by horses and wagons to make new roads in the area. Each farmer was obligated to draw a certain amount or be charged extra in taxes. Later, the Township drew the gravel in trucks. While the Ritchies were the owners of the farm, the house was laden with mementoes of battle campaigns and furnished with many Asian antiques. General Ritchie was a British Army Commander and rose from Second Lieutenant of the British Armed Forces in 1914, to A.D.C. General to the King from 1948 to 1951. When he retired in 1951, he was awarded the Knights Grand Cross (G.B.E.). HOOVER — Samuel Hoover, of Markham, first settled on Lot 34, Conc. 8, Pickering, in 1843. The land had been granted to Andrew Mercer in 1806, on his fulfillment of settlement duties. In 1847, his eldest son, Abraham, and his wife, Maria Burkholder took possession. Only ten acres of land had been cleared prior to this. His wife later died and he married Susannah Burkholder. He became the owner of 400 acres of land, includ- ing Lot 34, Conc. 8; parts of Lots 35, Conc. 7, 31, Conc. 7, and 30, Conc. 8. Elias Hoover, grandson of Samuel, lived on Lot 34, Cone. 8, and was a councillor of Pickering Township in the early 1900's. Lot 28, Conc. 9, was also owned and cleared by the Hoovers. In 1857 or 58, Samuel built the house that is still standing on it. The family had charmed the house so that it would not burn (the Dutch Mennonites had a charm for almost everything). This property was then occupied by Mr. and Mrs. John Hoover, whose son now resides in Stouffville. John Madill purchased the property and built the present barn. In 1925, it was bought by Mr. and Mrs. Barkis Reesor. Mrs. Reesor, daughter of Christian Wideman and Hannah Pugh, was a devoted Christian and a keen historian. Mr. and Mrs. Reesor had four children: Blake, Kenneth, Stanley and Blanche (Mrs. F. Lackey). Kenneth married Jean Benson, and Stanley married Ruby Tindall. The Reesors operated the farm until 1970, when it was sold to Mr. Sidney Watson. HUBBARD — In 1803, a patent was granted to Jacob Waldenberger for part of Lot 16, Conc. 9, Pickering Township, which is now the property of Hugh Kortright. Waldenberger sold the north half to Lewis Powell in 1815, for sixty-two pounds, ten shillings. This sale took place four days after the Battle of Waterloo. Joseph Wixson purchased it for the same price twenty-five years later and in 1850, Wixson sold the south fifty acres of the north-half to Joseph Bell. In 1881, this property was purchased by Robert M. Hubbard. Thomas Hubbard is believed to have come to Pickering in the closing years of the eighteenth century and was very active in public affairs. He was three times married and Stephen, a son of the third wife, married Helen Millar and lived just north-east of Claremont. Their family included: Elizabeth, Janet (Mrs. James Digby), Robert (who bought this farm in 1881), John, Agnes, Margaret, Elsie, and Duncan (a successful teacher). Robert's Executors sold the whole of the north-half to Duncan M. Hubbard in 1897, less the C.P.R. right of way (ninety-seven acres) for $2,100. This property went through a series of owners: James Judson Ward, Richard Ward, and the Soldier Settlement Board in 1919. During this period, Dr. Tomlinson's brother Ambrose, and the Binstead family, among others, lived on this property. Ambrose named the farm "Hell-for-Hills" — a very apt description from a farmer's point of view! In 1937, Cecil Storry became the owner. The price had been cut in half, but mineral rights were for the first time reserved to the Crown. He sold thirty-three acres of it to Earl McMullen in 1947 but later bought it back. In 1959, Hugh Kortright purchased parts of Lots 15, 16, and 17, Conc. 9, Pickering, and now owns sixty-eight acres of land. He resurrected the house (the original part of the house pre-dates 1840 and is one of the oldest houses in the township), and in addition to extensive restoration and new additions, he transformed it into a lovely dwelling — a perfect supplement to the Kortright property, which is now named "Happy Valley". JONES — The story of the Jones families begins in Somerset County, England. George Jones was born in 1748. He married Susannah Cook and was known as a lease-hold land owner — that is, a tenant with a written lease handed down through generations, his family being four hundred years, more or less, on the same farm. Samuel Jones, born in 1777, was the son of George Jones and Susannah Cook. In 1830, he and his wife Susan, her sister Nancy Scammell, and seven of his children emigrated from England to Canada. One daughter remained in England. They were six weeks crossing the Atlantic and finally settled in York (Toronto), where they remained for about two years. They then moved to N½ Lot 7, Conc. 7, Pickering. The Jones brothers cleared three farms. Samuel and Susan had eight children: Mary, Sarah, George, Hannah, Susan, Samuel, Nancy and John C. Samuel Jr. and Sarah farmed at Mount Zion on S½ Lot 7, Conc. 8. They purchased seventy-five acres in 1854, and twenty-five acres in 1856. He built the brick house which is now occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Frank McAvoy and their family, (a picture of this farm is in the Illustrated Historical Atlas of Ontario County). He also owned two farms just east of that, Lot 6, where Jack Prest later lived and part of Lot 5. Samuel and Sarah had nine children: Edward, Isabella (Mrs. Ralph Mowbray), Dr. George, Samuel H., William Henry (W.P.), Bertha, Dr. Edward, Ellen and Susan. Samuel (third) married Sarah Hortop and farmed on S1/2 Lot 6, Conc. 8, and then in 1899, he bought from his father S½ Lot 7, Conc. 8. His family includes: M. Delbert, Edward K., Dr. Grant, Alma, Gladys and Muriel (Mrs. William Hugh Pugh). John Jones (eighth son of Samuel the first) married Jane Forbes. In the year after his father's death, John became the owner of N½ Lot 7, Conc. 7. His son, Alonzo, became the owner in 1922, and his sons in 1933. Ralph married Ruby Annis, and Percy married Dorothy Clark. They are still on the farm that has been occupied since 1834, by the same Jones family descendants. JONES — Joseph Jones, another son of George Jones and Susannah Cook, married Joan Hoddinott. Joseph was a farmer and soldier, and Joan was the daughter of a wealthy estate owner. As this did not please her father, they eloped in 1805. Sometime later, they returned and took up farming. Joan died in 1827, and in 1832, Joseph decided to come to Canada along with most of his family. They were six weeks crossing the ocean and as they were coming down the St. Lawrence River, the lake boat in which they were travelling, upset and they lost many of their belongings. However, a chest, chair and grandfather's clock are still in Lorne Jones' possession. Having received their homestead location in Port Hope, they followed the surveyors' marks to Pickering Township. Here they found a small fresh creek and set up a temporary shack beside it. The following morning, Joseph heard someone chopping wood and, following the sounds through the woods, he came upon a man by the name of Rogers (Alfred Roger's grandfather). They became good neighbours for the rest of their lives. In 1842, Joseph Jones purchased N½ Lot 5, Conc. 7, from the Canada Company for eighty- seven pounds, ten shillings. There, his son John, and his wife, Elizabeth Sadler, farmed. Later, their son Joseph William (Bert) and his wife, Florence Ward, became the owners. Now, the farm is owned and operated by Lorne, his wife Alma (Evans) and family. Murray and his wife, Evelyn Dunkeld, have built a new home on the farm and their children are the sixth generation of this family to reside there. Ronald, an employee of Barclay Transport, lives on the home farm, and Grant, another son, lives in Brooklin. LAW — Captain George Law acquired Lots 26 and 27, Conc. 8, Pickering (200 acres more or less) in 1801. It had been Crown Land. The east portion was sold many times, then in 1882, Joseph Gregg purchased the property and in turn, Hugh Gregg Sr., the Tarr family (parents of Mrs. Clifford Lemon, of Stouffville), and Charles Sargent became the owners. In 1920, Henry Johnson purchased the property. Their family included: Melvin (who married Laura Ormerod), Isobel, Margaret and Mabel. Mr. and Mrs. Johnston Sr. retired in Claremont and their son, Melvin operated the farm until about 1970, when it was sold to Daniel Barkey. Melvin and Laura moved to a farm near Udney, Ontario. Their family included: Carole, Gordon, David and Helen. LAW — Robert Law with his wife, Sara McKnight, came from England around 1840. He acquired a Crown Grant of land on N½ Lot 27, Conc. 8, Pickering. Their son, Joseph, married Ann Leaper and remained on the farm. They had two children, William, and Mrs. Frank Spoffard, whose husband was well-known as a music teacher for many years. Their daughter, Annie (Mrs. Harry Porter) has the "Crown Grant" of this farm, along with the "Indenture" to Robert Law of four acres of land, signed by "Joseph Wixson Junr." and Abigail Wixson. Mrs. Porter still lives in the house on Wixson Street, built in 1890. Her great grandfather had purchased the land in 1853, from the original settlers, the Wixsons. The farm changed hands many times and was operated, as such, by Harold Catton, now of Stouffville. It is now in the expropriated area. LAWRENCE — Paul Lawrence settled on Lot 3, Conc. 8, Pickering. He also owned part of Lot 2, Conc. 9. Mr. and Mrs. Alan Manderson, the latter a direct descendant, still live on the old homestead. Mr. Rawson was the mason who did the stone work on this home, over one hundred years ago. Their son Glenn, his wife Earla and two children, Joanne and Dean, live in a new home on part of this property. LEAPER — Thomas Leaper emigrated from Yorkshire, England, in 1830. After living in various places, he settled east of Claremont on the ninth Concession. In 1832 he married Ann Wallace, and became a faithful worker of the Bethel Church. His family were: Mary, Thomas, Ann (Mrs. Law), William and Susannah. William was in the contracting business and it was he, who built the rink that was so popular both for skaters and curlers in the early 1900's. LEHMAN — Daniel Lehman, born in Pennsylvania in 1805, came to Markham Township in 1827. After trading his two horses for land and returning to Pennsylvania on foot, repeating the trip several times, he finally bought the south half of Lot 35, Conc. 8, in 1834. He married Susannah Byer in 1835 and settled on the farm. His sons were David, Samuel, Abraham and Anthony. Abraham carried on the sawmill and added a chopper, and grain was ground. In 1896, the dam went out and instead of rebuilding, a gasoline engine was installed to run the chopper. Lumber was becoming scarce and the sawmill was discontinued. In 1910, it was passed on to his youngest son, Eli. Around 1924, the mill was torn down and sold. Farming was continued and in 1949, John Brown purchased the south thirty-five acres. The north sixty-five was owned by Grace Lehman, great-granddaughter of Daniel Lehman, owner in 1834. Isaac Lehman, son of Abraham, farmed on Lot 29, Conc. 8, Pickering, until his retirement. His wife, the former Emma Davis had lived on the next concession to Isaac. At the age of seventeen, she and her parents moved to a small hamlet near Barrie. "Took me all day to get there but it was worth it," he said. In 1900, he bought a farm on the eighth Concession, south of his former home. Then, in 1905, they were married. Their family included: Annie (Mrs. Neal), Verna (Mrs. Ramer), Rita (Mrs. Illustration: Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Linton. Meyer), Mary (Mrs. Kennedy), Arthur and Norman. They sold the farm in 1941 and moved to Altona. Norman Lehman continued farming on Lot 29, Conc. 8. LINTON — Edward Linton and his wife, Ellen Middleton, came to Claremont before the turn of the century. They had three daughters: Vera (Mrs. Eugene Martin) who farmed at Claremont, then moved to Kendal, Ontario, Sadie (Mrs. Norris Hardy) of Claremont, and Dorothy (Mrs. Irwin Purdy) of Lindsay. LINTON — Isaac Linton (born 1805) came to Canada from Yorkshire, England, in 1830, with his brother Robert who settled near Pickering Village. In 1832, Isaac settled on Lot 13, Conc. 8, Pickering, which consisted of Illustration: The Home of Isaac Linton - Built in 1862 - (now owned by Raymond Stickwood). eighty acres of bush land. He paid six dollars per acre for it. Here he built a small frame house which still stands. The family slept upstairs and at night, the last one to bed pulled the ladder up in case a wild animal entered the downstairs. He also built a barn 35' x 55' which also stands. He specialized in Clydesdale horses. In 1842, he married Hannah Coultice, who had also emigrated from Yorkshire. They had six children, Elizabeth (Mrs. Charles Pugh), Ann (Mrs. Edward Pugh), Jane (Mrs. Edward Russnell), Harriet (Mrs. John Chapman, who lived on the Uxbridge-Pickering Townline, where their great nephew, Lloyd Linton lives), Alice (died at the age of nine) and William. Twice a year, Isaac travelled to York (Toronto) by wagon and team, to trade his produce for sugar and flour. This trip took two days. In 1862, he built the stone house on Lot 13, and in Claremont he built the house where Dr. Tomlinson now resides. They were very active members of both the Claremont Methodist Church and the Society of Bethel. They had many camp meetings on their property and people travelled for miles to attend. During the progress of such meetings the ministers and principal workers lodged with the Lintons and they had twenty beds to make each day. Isaac purchased fifty acres on the N½ of the S½ of Lot 14, which had been partially cleared by a family by the name of Dunn. A few years later, he purchased another fifty acres south of this. William Linton married Elizabeth Burgess in 1872. To them was born a daughter Elizabeth (Mrs. Morgan Evans). The mother died six days after Elizabeth's birth. In 1874, William married Sarah Puckrin and their family included: Almira (Mrs. William Middleton), Alice (Mrs. Judson Ward), Emma (Mrs. Herbert Blake), Etta (Mrs. Fred Ward), Norman, Levi, and Beatrice (Mrs. John Bayles). Norman married Eva Holtby in 1917, and carried on with the family farm. In 1920, he built a dairy barn and shipped milk in cans which he took daily to the railway station in Claremont. His family included: Edith (Mrs. Raymond Stickwood) R.N., Eileen (Mrs. Paul Wellman), Mildred (Mrs. Maurice Binstead), and Doris and Dora (twins who died in infancy). In 1951, Raymond and Edith Stickwood bought the farm from her father, who retired in Claremont. Their' family include: Kenneth, Brian, and Katherine (who is attending McMaster University in Hamilton to take her Bachelor of Science Degree in Nursing) The sixth generation born on this farm was Janice Marie, daughter of Kenneth and Doreen (Jones), on September 11, 1971. LINTON — Peter Linton was born on January 2, 1865. He married Mary Bentley and settled in Claremont, where two sons, Levi Peter and John Lockwood, were born. Levi married Annie Shepherdson, daughter of William Shepherdson (section foreman in Claremont). Mr. and Mrs. Shepherdson had emigrated from England to Canada and settled in Claremont on William Street (where James Peddie later lived). They had a family of eight children: Emma, Annie, Mary, Ethel, Minnie, Maggie, Marshel and William (who was killed in World War I). Levi also became a section foreman on the C.P.R. He and his wife were the parents of seven children: Laura (Mrs. Clifford Reynolds), Merle (Mrs. Orville Cox) now deceased, Margaret (Mrs. Ernie Baker), George (died in infancy), Stanley (married Reva Cooper), Doris (Mrs. Harold Hopkins), and Earl (married to Marie Sadlemire). Clifford and Laura had two sons, James and Douglas; Harold and Doris had one son, Terry (who married Betty Evans). LYNN — Daniel Lynn came from England in the early 1800's. He married Sarah Catharine Wilson, of Gwillimbury Township, York County. They farmed in Uxbridge Township for several years, then moved to the Claremont area. They had seven children: Annie (Mrs. Nathan Linton), Edward (married Esther Hardy), Mary (Mrs. George Bentley), Frederick (married Viola Middleton), Percy (died in World War I — his twin died in infancy), and Robert. Fred worked for different farmers in the area. His family included: Irene (Mrs. Charles Redshaw), Bernice (Mrs. Bruce Douglas), Gordon, and Murray (who married Elaine Edgar). Mrs. Daniel Lynn became a Life Member of the Baptist Mission Circle in 1932 and was one of its faithful supporters. MADILL — Henry W. Madill settled on Lot 20, Conc. 7, Pickering, in 1862. He was the son of Benjamin Madill, who came to Canada from Ireland around 1837. Henry married Phoebe Sharrard and their children were: Joshua, James (Lot 19, Conc. 7), Joel, John, Wixson, Anne and Sylvanus. James H. Madill and his wife Juliet Churchill had four children: Phoebe, Kate, Hattie and Fred. Hattie married Frank Ham and they had five children: Lorne, Hilda (Mrs. George Middleton), Myrtle (Mrs. Walter Baker), Nora, and Marie (Mrs. Donald McCullough). They lived on Lot 21, Conc. 7. Fred married Mabel Bunker and lived on Lot 20, Conc. 7, until they retired to Claremont. Fred died in 1973. They had two sons, Kenneth and Ross. Kenneth still resides on the home farm. James Madill was married twice and from his second marriage were two sons, Colin and Henry. Colin married Ivy Wilde of Markham, and they lived on Lot 19, Conc. 7. They had three children: Isobel, Betty and Jean (Mrs. Blair Evans, of Claremont). MANTLE — David Mantle and Hannah Brillinger were married in 1853 and settled in Altona. They had a large family; one, Albert, settled in Claremont. Albert married Adelia Pilkey, daughter of Joseph Pilkey, who lived on the eighth Concession. At first they lived in part of the house now owned by Dr. Tomlinson, then they moved to William Street, Claremont. Albert was a very active man. He excelled as a stone-mason and later in life, he kept bees. Their family included: Hazel (Mrs. Nelson Sanderson), Ina (Mrs. Dorian Woodburn) and Olive (Mrs. Harry Jarvis). McAVOY — James McAvoy purchased Lot 3, Conc. 7, in 1839, from J.S. Macauley. His son, Robert, later took over this farm and it was occupied by Ellesmere Nurseries. Christopher McAvoy and Mary Kerr emigrated from Ireland, in 1830, and settled in Whitby Township. They worked among the Quakers for a few years and in 1845 settled on Lot 8, Conc. 8. This land was later owned by William Arbuckle and then by his children: Eliza, William Arthur and Ethel Jane. Mr. and Mrs. Reginald Hoskins became the owners in 1947. They have six daughters: Linda, Janetta, Margaret, Ruth, Ann and Susan. T.C. McAvoy, son of Christopher and Mary, lived on Lot 8, Conc. 7. Later, Irving McAvoy and his wife owned and operated the farm. They had five children: Kathleen, Norval, Frank, Bernice (Mrs. Jack Ward, Claremont), and Mary (Mrs. Jack Tulley). This farm had been in the family over one hundred years when his daughter, Kathleen, sold it in 1973 to Robert "Bobbie" Baun. Illustration: McFarlane' s (now Home of Ellis Britton) Lot 20, Conc. 9. Built in 1876. McFARLANE — In 1848, John Strathern, his daughter Agnes and son-in-law James McFarlane, settled on Lot 20, Conc. 9. (As mentioned before, this was the original Townsend property). The McFarlanes had emigrated from Glasgow, Scotland. Their children were: John, Marion, Margaret and David Strathern. David Strathern McFarlane married Mary McDonald (daughter of Graham McDonald, Claremont). Their children were: Agnes, Sara, Mary, John, Charles, David, Walter, and James (born 1869). James McFarlane married Adelia Dowswell in 1896 and their children were, Jean, Wallace and Douglas. At that time, a log cabin stood on the highest land west of the present house. They spent three years building the brick house and it was finally completed in 1876. They usually kept about twenty cattle and a peacock, they made large quantities of maple syrup and held sugaring-off parties for all of Claremont. James McFarlane took up land in the Peace River District of British Columbia in 1911. Then Joe Evans, father of Fred Evans, worked the land. Those who rented it were: Mr. Neal, James Underhill from 1916 to 1917, and Roy Morgan from 1918 to 1921. In 1922, Tom and Hazel Bacon (nee Watson) with their six children, Bertha, Hazel, Alice, Douglas, Donald and Myrtle, decided to purchase the two hundred acre farm and moved there from the second Concession of Uxbridge, at Garabaldie. The farm was purchased for $15,000. It had a wooden overhead bridge over the railway tracks to get to the north fields but this was demolished about 1924. The two barns were in shambles and were replaced in 1923, by the new structure, with silo and cement stables. Other owners were: Walter Death, Edward Norton, and in 1950, Joseph Symes and his wife (Florence Tindall) and daughters, Erla and Shirley, moved there. Mary was born on this property. Ellis Britton, of Agincourt, Ontario, bought the farm in 1955. He and his wife, Dorothy Miles, and daughters Dorell and Marion, moved here in 1956. Their son, Lorne, was born in 1960. Of the 200 acres, 95 were sold to Hayward, Parker and Neale and the rest retained by Mr. Britton. MEYER — Lot 31, on the ninth Concession of Pickering has been in the Meyer name for many, many years. In fact, Allan B. Meyers spent all his life there until his property was expropriated by the Federal Government and he sold and moved to Stouffville in 1974. His son, Paul who operated a neighbouring farm is also forced to relocate. He now owns a farm in the Palmerston area. Jacob Meyer married a daughter of Henry and Jane Byer and settled on this farm in 1907. They remained there for several years, then retired to Stouffville. The farm was then taken over by his son, Allan and his wife, Rita (Lehman) whose grandfather Philip Davis was the owner before the Meyers purchased it. Allan Meyer has the deed of the land that was acquired back in 1816. At that time, it was one large parcel of land but later it was divided into smaller parcels. Mr. and Mrs. Allan Meyer have four children: Paul, Dorothy, Ruth and Mary Alene. MICHELL — In earlier years Lot S 1/2 34, Conc. 7, Pickering, was owned by David Barkey. His brother, Jacob, owned the farm adjacent to his, Lot 33, Conc. 7, which is now the location of the Glen Cedars Golf Course. In 1897 David sold his farm to Andrew Pipher who, in turn, sold it to John H. Michell in 1902. In 1832 William and John Michell had emigrated from England and settled on Lot 23, Conc. 8, Pickering (later the Andrew Storry Farm). William, who became the first Reeve of Pickering Township, married Ellen Tracy and from this union there were seven children — Henry, Mary Ellen (Mrs. A.C. Scarr), Charles V., William J., Alfred T., Frank L. and Catherine J. (Mrs. George Cooper). Alfred T. Michell married Helen Brodie and their family included — John, William, Edith (Mrs. Wells), and Thompson. John H. Michell married Sarah Turner. He was very active in church affairs and was the Secretary-Treasurer of Pickering Township Sunday School Association for thirty-two years. John and Sarah had four children: Hugh, who married Marjorie Kayes, May (Mrs. Fred Beare), Eddie, who married Hilda Mackie and Ada (Mrs. Everett Mackie). Hugh and Marjorie Michell operated a chicken hatchery on their 100-acre farm for forty years and during one year's operation 100,000 baby chicks were hatched. Their chickens won second prize at the Chicago World's Fair, in 1933, and in 1938 they received first prize at Ottawa, and received the high honour of being the first to obtain 100% registration in any Dominion Egg Contest. Hugh and Marjorie have two sons — Carl, who married Eleanor Little and Lorne, who married Linda Beelby, and two daughters, Grace and Sylvia. Hugh served on Pickering Township Council from 1952 to 1954 and was very interested in local and municipal affairs. Although the Federal Government has expropriated this property, the Michells still reside there waiting for the final day when they will have to find a home elsewhere. MIDDLETON — Charles Middleton emigrated from Yorkshire, England, to the United States. There he married Jane Carlyle and they came to Canada about 1845. They settled first in Uxbridge Township, where Mrs. Middleton died in 1873. Charles moved to Claremont and remained there until his death in 1909. Their two daughters were Mrs. Pugh and Mrs. Joseph Readman, of Claremont. George Middleton settled on Lot 13, Conc. 7, in 1855. He married Maria Horsley and they had ten children: James, John, Richard, Mary (Mrs. Thomas Gauslin, Lot 14, Conc. 7), Jane, Elizabeth, Matilda, George (who remained on the farm), Hannah and William. George Sr. came from England when he was only twelve years of age. George Jr. carried on the Middleton farm and married Georgina Barnes. Their family were — George, John and Ada (Mrs. Lorne Ham). John married Jessie Beelby in 1939 and remained on the farm. In 1961 the farm was sold to W. Gordon Duncan, and John moved to Ashburn, Ontario. MIDDLETON — James Middleton and his wife were born in England and emigrated to Canada. They bought the south half of Lot 20, Conc. 8, in 1863 from Joseph Bell. Their daughter, Rebecca, married Matthew Beelby and they bought the farm from her father in 1876. Their family included: William, Mary Jane (Mrs. Edward Graham), Alice, Frank, Kirkwood, Elizabeth (Mrs. Thomas Graham), Frederick and John. Their son John married Florence Pickett and they had one son Robert, who now resides in Claremont. Later John's first wife died and he married Mary Ashenhurst. To this marriage was one daughter Kathleen (Mrs. Robert Haslam of Stouffville). Frank Beelby married Frances Hood and they raised two sons, Ernest and Fred. Ernest married Elsie Carter and they farmed on Conc. 6, Pickering. They had five children: Edna (Mrs. Russell Hodgson), Murray, Kenneth, Orval and Clarence who married Shirley Taylor of Claremont. MIDDLETON — James and Almira (Rawson) emigrated from England and settled on the fifth Concession of Uxbridge. Their son Sylvester (Vex) married Ruth Marson, who was born in Thwing, England, and came to Canada at the age of thirteen. Her family settled on the sixth of Uxbridge. When their children were quite young, they came to the Claremont area, living on the ninth Concession and also in North Claremont. They had a family of six children: Andrew, James, Malcolm (Mac), Viola, George and Aldine. They were very ambitious people, working for many of the farmers and Claremont residents for fifty cents a day. Mrs. Sylvester Middleton had four sisters: Hannah (Mrs. Arthur Thornton), Louisa (Mrs. Oscar Barber), Henrietta (Mrs. William Linton) and May (Mrs. William Catherwood). MILLER — William Miller of Dumfriesshire, Scotland, emigrated to Pickering in 1839 and settled on Lot 25, Conc. 7. He came with his family: Andrew, Robert, William and Elizabeth (Mrs. William Scott). His brother George had arrived in 1830, and settled on "Rigfoot Farm", on Concession 10, of Markham Township, and in 1835, George's nephew John Miller, followed. For four years John worked for his uncle George. Then, in 1839, he came to Lots 16, 17 and 18, Conc. 7, Pickering. This farm came to be known as Thistle Ha'. He had married Margaret Whiteside and their children were: William, Robert, James, John, Helen, Agnes, Elizabeth and Margaret. John Sr. became well-known as a breeder and importer of sheep, cattle, horses and swine. In 1892, they sold over one thousand Shropshire sheep. In 1904, their herd of Shorthorn cattle were disposed of and the farms were divided. John Jr. remained on Thistle Ha' and there he started a new herd and became the manager of the farm. John Sr., by his second marriage, to Elizabeth Boyer, had four children: George, Mary, Andrew and Harry. These sons moved to the farm known as Poplar Hall, on the seventh Concession, and operated it under the name of Miller Bros. They became famous in various stock breeders associations, and their firm was one of the most successful promoters of registered livestock in Canada. In 1855, the stone house was built by the Pearson Brothers of Ashburn, stone-masons who had built many of the stone houses in the area. Their salary was $1.25 per day. The east wing was completed in 1875 and Illustration: Miller Reunion contained a large ballroom and a brick oven capable of handling twenty-two loaves of bread. John Miller was interested in local and municipal affairs being Councillor, Reeve, and finally Warden of Ontario County in 1876. After the death of his father, the younger John carried on the business of breeding and judging livestock. John Jr. married Annie Maud Stevenson and they had three sons: William Allan, Hugh John and Robert Anker. Allan married Dorothy Baker and they live in Pickering Village; Hugh married Elsie Moon and they still reside at Thistle Ha'; Robert married Fern Malcolm and they live in Brougham. On January 30, 1973, Thistle Ha' was expropriated for the proposed International Airport. MOORE — In 1802, Robert Moore purchased 200 acres of land, Lot 32, Conc. 7, from the Governor. It ran from the seventh to the eighth Concession. After several owners, the Dunkelds bought the farm in 1888. They had emigrated from Scotland and their family were: Elizabeth, Thomas, James and William. After the death of Thomas Dunkeld Sr. the estate was left to his family. In 1945, Murray, son of Thomas Jr. bought the farm and Illustration: Duncan Morgan and his Mother - Mrs. Alexander Morgan (nee Elizabeth Sharrard). his son Donald operated it until the land was expropriated. Then Donald bought a farm near Zephyr, Ontario, and Murray and his wife retired to Stouffville. Other members of their family include: Clifford, Nelda, Evelyn (Mrs. Murray Jones), and Shirley (Mrs. Grant Jones). MORGAN — Alexander Morgan, son of William Morgan and Margaret Gray, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on January 6, 1825. At seven years of age, he and his parents emigrated to Canada. After nine weeks on the water they reached Quebec. A slow, tedious journey up the St. Law- Illustration: Mr. and Mrs. Magnus Henderson rence brought them to Muddy York (later Toronto). They first settled in Markham, where he and his father took up the trade of blacksmithing. His father had brought his tools, anvil, bellows, etc. from Scotland — in all they weighed 2,800 pounds. At twenty-two years of age he came to Claremont, married Elizabeth Sharrard and became well known in the art of blacksmithing. Their family included: Melissa (Mrs. William Evans), Margaret (Mrs. David Pugh), William Thomas, Rachel (Mrs. James Evans), Elizabeth (Mrs. Magnus Henderson), Duncan, John, and George. Duncan Morgan, his wife and family of nine, occupied the farm at the intersection of the Brock Road and the Pickering-Uxbridge townline. He became the Warden of Ontario County in 1915. The election of Reeve Morgan of Uxbridge Township, as Warden, was a well-deserved honour to that municipality, one it had not experienced for twenty-nine years. At the close of the last session of the County Council for the year 1915, Mr. Morgan was presented with a gold-headed cane by G.D. Conant, then Reeve of Oshawa. This cane is now in the possession of his great-grandson. After living on the property now owned by Mr. Ellis Britton, Lot 20, Conc. 9, his son Roy and his wife Margaret (Fleming) settled on the Morgan homestead. In fact, five generations lived on this farm. They later retired in Claremont. Mr. and Mrs. Roy Morgan had two children, Jack and Mary (Mrs. Howard Hill), both of Claremont. Jack married Mary Phillips of Brougham, and they had four children, Gerald, Grant, June and Reginald. Margaret, daughter of Duncan and Sarah Morgan, married David Pugh who predeceased her in 1946. They lived in Claremont except for a few years in Lakefield, Toronto and Kinmount, where they were in the creamery and dairy business. Margaret left the Claremont area to reside in Oshawa, where she married Ernest Stephenson. She died in 1974. Other members of the Duncan Morgan family include: Flossie (Mrs. William Feasby), Alex, Mary, Jennie, Laura, Ida and Melissa. George Morgan married Janet Bowes and they farmed north of the C.P.R. Station. Their son Magnus, married Ada Benns and was employed by the Canadian Pacific Railway. Their family included Harold and Murray. NIGHSWANDER — The earliest owner of the Nighswander property was Edgar Cliffe who owned the old woollen mill and built the house nearby. In 1902 this property was purchased by Enos Nighswander and then made into a grist mill. In 1926 Peter Nighswander installed cider and apple-butter making equipment and this was used for many years. The south half of Lot 31 was owned by Samuel Nighswander, the buildings were located near the ninth Concession and later Martin Nighswander purchased it. He built a house and barn up on the hill west of the pond — this was where Enos, Peter and Harvey were born and raised. The north half of Lot 31 was owned by Martin Sr. In 1912, David Nighswander moved there and his sons were born and lived there until 1966. PALMER — Samuel and Sarah (nee Money) Palmer emigrated from England to Canada in 1852 and they settled on Lot 25, Conc. 8, Pickering. Mr. Palmer was a cabinet maker and in later years they retired to Claremont. Their family included: Sarah Ann (Mrs. Richard Burton, seventh Concession), John (a shoemaker in Claremont), Samuel, Mary Ann, William and Shackel (both shoemakers in Claremont). William married Nellie Gregg and in later years lived on Wixson Street in Claremont. PILKEY — Peter Pilkey (Peletier) and his wife moved from Riviere du Loup, Quebec, to Leslieville near Little York in 1800, and later settled in Scarborough. He fought in the War of 1812. Their son Charles, and his wife Jane Forfar, moved to Lot 18, Conc. 7, Pickering, in 1840. They endured all the poverty and hardships that went along with pioneer life but managed to overcome them. They became wealthy and owned several farms in the area. In 1839, Charles bought 140 acres of land, parts of Lots 16, 17, and 18, Conc. 7, Pickering, known as Maple Lane Farm. This land was originally a grant from George III to the Hon. M. Emersley, a member of Governor Simcoe's cabinet, in 1798. Any person could apply for farm lots of 200 acres but United Empire Loyalists and military claimants were given special consideration. On November 22, 1837, an Indenture made between "Edward Buckly Wynyard Esquire, Colonel of Her Majesty Grenadier Guards and Richard Warner of Mortimer, Berks County, England, Esquire Captain of her Majesty fifth Regiment of foot ... of the first part; and Joseph Warner of the Township of Pickering, Province of Upper Canada ... of the second part" records the sale of the property, which also included the house. This property remained in the Pilkey name until January 1896, when it was sold to Edward E. Pugh for $8,425. The Pugh family retained possession until 1962, when it was bought by Mr. and Mrs. Reginald M. Brophy. They have restored the old farmhouse and, with the addition of a large wing, have transformed it into a spacious eighteenth century dwelling. Charles Pilkey also owned Lot 14, Conc. 7, which in later years was purchased by George Gosling (later changed to Gauslin). Then in 1893, Thomas Gauslin became the owner and he and his son Leslie, operated it until 1930, when Thomas died. Leslie married Lila Slack, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Slack and they had two sons, Gordon and Earl. Gordon married Lillian Graham and they farmed on Lot 12, Conc. 8. In 1965 Leslie sold his farm to Messrs. Corson and Howes, and the Gauslins retired to Stouffville. Earl is now in the auctioneering business in this area. Charles Pilkey also owned the W.P. Jones farm about the same time. Charles and Jane had nine children: Archibald (who lived on the Gauslin farm, and then went to Buffalo), John, Joseph, William, Jane, Thomas, David, Agnes and Henry. Joseph married Mary Carruthers and their family were: Elizabeth, Luther (Lot 18, Conc. 7), Lyman (pumpmaker in AUCTION SALE OF FARM PROPERTY The undersigned has received instructions from Mr. C.H. PILKEY To sell by Public Auction on SATURDAY, JANUARY 11TH, 1896 AT WILSON'S HOTEL CLAREMONT His farm of 140 acres, more or less, (Known as Maple Lane Farm) composed of parts of lots 16, 17 and 18, in the 7th con., of the Township of Pickering. The above farm has nearly 20 acres of the best valuable Timber n the Township, and has 50 acres well plowed, twice over, and 2 Apple Orchards that bear the choisest fruit, pears, cherries and small fruits, also 8 acres of Fall Wheat, now growing. House 30 x 40, woodshed 30 x 50, cook-house attached, barn 45 x 120, horse stable 30 x 70, cow stable 20 x 36, with stone cellar attached for roots, pig pen, hen house, and a never failing well with wind pump and attachments. The above farm is one of the best in the County, and in the best locality, situated 2 miles from Claremont on C. P. R. station and 10 miles from G. T. R. This is a splendid opportunity for purchasing one of the best farms in the locality. Terms and particulars made known on the day of sale. THOMAS POUCHER, Auctioneer. "Regmar Farms" the home of Mrs. Reginald M. Brophy. Illustration: Mrs. Ed Gibson, Mabel Gibson (daughter), Mrs. Lyman Pilkey (Sophia) sister of Mrs. Gibson, Lyman Pilkey, George Richardson and Mrs. Richardson. Claremont), Adelia (Mrs. A. Mantle), Mary (Mrs. Whiting), Alice (Mrs. Fred Pugh), and Jennie. Luther Pilkey and his wife, Liza Mitchell, had six sons: Clarence (Saskatchewan), Clifford married Jean Evans (Toronto), Leonard married Mary Norton (Uxbridge), Stanley, Russell married Mabel Slack (Leaskdale), and Raymond married Violet Todd. The descendants of these families living in the area are the two daughters of Raymond and Violet (Todd); Pearl, who married Ivan Taylor, and Georgina who married Hilliard Stiner, both living on the Brock Road north of Claremont; Earl and Allan are sons of Russell and Mabel Pilkey. Earl, who lives in Claremont, married Shirley Etcher and they have four children: Larry, Terri, Lenni and Tracey; Allan married Louise Goldthorpe, and lives in Markham; they have two daughters, Debbie and Heather. Alice Pilkey, daughter of Joseph, married Fred Pugh and farmed on the eighth Concession. PROCTOR — (SCHNEIDER). In 1798, Lot 10, Conc. 8, Pickering, became part of the Toronto Purchase (Farrand-Elmsley-Macauley). Then in 1854, Charles Proctor became the owner; in 1916 — Levi Linton; in 1931 — Alex Schneider, and in 1968 - Gordon Davis. Levi Linton married Elsie Ormerod and their family included Lloyd and Jean. In 1936 they moved to Balsam where they remained until 1962. Mr. Linton later retired to Stouffville where he died in 1974. Alex Schneider married Annie Woodland and their family were: Ivy (Mrs. Ross Wideman), Jean (Mrs. Jack Hall), Mary (Mrs. Stanley McMullen), and Joyce. In 1973, Claremont community lost a respected lady, in the passing of Mrs. Schneider. PUGH — (WILDER). Lot 12, Conc. 9, Pickering, was originally the property of Edward Pugh, son of Hugh Pugh Sr. Then Emanuel Slack became the owner. He married Alma Lewis and they had four children: Cecil who married Libbie Wallace, Bertha (Mrs. John Coates), Perry and Edith. Around 1915 Emanuel sold the farm to his son-in-law, John Coates, whose family included: Alma (Mrs. Robert Fuller), Floyd, who married Alice Phillips, David, who married Alma Redshaw, James and Harold. Cecil Storry then owned the farm. He married Annie Found and, although he lived on Lot 23, Conc. 8, he bought up many other pieces of property. His family were, Andrew, Betty, Jean and Mary. In 1946, he sold the farm to Earl McMullen and his wife, the former Evelyn Armstrong. They lived there for several years, then moved to Claremont. Their family included Murray (a veterinarian in Windsor), Stanley, Erma, Charlene and Sheila. The present owner of this farm is W.P. Wilder. The stately old stone house, which was built around the middle of the nineteenth century, has been remodelled and is very impressive with its tennis court and swimming pool, offering a delightful contrast between the old and the new. RAWSON — Jonas Rawson was born on the voyage from Yorkshire, England, to Upper Canada. He became a stone-mason. He married Martha Gunn and lived in the Village of Claremont, on Henry Street. He was a big kindly man, who with his son (when he was still a young lad), walked to Brougham. He pushed a wheelbarrow bearing their tools and was there at seven o'clock, for breakfast. Jonas and Martha had five children: Jennie, Albert, William (who served his apprenticeship as a tailor in Claremont), Frank and Lizzie (Mrs. Alfred Hubbard). Albert Rawson married Isobel Cooper. He built and lived in the brick house opposite the school. Here they spent about twenty years, then bought the farm next to the United Church, (Lot 19, Conc. 9). Their family included: Jennie (The Rev. Mrs. David Porter), Clarke (retired Public School teacher at Tweed), Kathleen (married to a Medical Missionary and living in Vancouver), and George (retired Secondary School principal). The farm was purchased from Charles Michell and was originally part of the Wixson property. The Rawsons had a milk delivery and every morning Clarke walked (before he was old enough to drive) through town with six pails of milk and was back home in time to run to school. Old Bess, his reliable and trustworthy horse, knew every stop. After six years, they moved to Toronto. When war broke out in 1914, building in Toronto collapsed and Albert went to Chazy, New York, and played a large part in the building of a school that was away ahead of its time. Inside the front door was the name of "Albert Rawson — Master Mason". The next owner of this farm was Walter Ward who was born in Balsam. After spending his early years there, he married Bertha Cooper. Having lived in Claremont for two years, he returned to Balsam and took up farming on the north-west corner of the intersection (later the Joe Forsyth farm). In 1915, they bought the Rawson farm and they, too, had the milk delivery in town. They had two children — Joseph and Aldine (Mrs. William R. Evans). In 1945 Mr. and Mrs. Ward built a small house on the farm and there they retired. Mr. Ward was an avid hunter and until he reached the age of ninety, he went with the "boys" every fall on their hunting expeditions, sometimes acting as cook. L.P. (Pete) Lippert became the owner of the farm and also clerked in Coopers' Hardware. He sold the farm in 1963, and moved to the Madoc area. The property is now in the possession of Albert Samarillo. His horses compete with other sulky racers at various tracks throughout the country. Mr. and Mrs. Samarillo have two children, Valerie (Mrs. Brian Madill) and Leo. The house on this farm was built in 1876. RAWSON — Reuben Rawson was born in 1863 and in 1890 built a home on William Street, Claremont, (recently owned by Mrs. Loss Hill). Reuben married Mary McFarlane and their family included: May (Mrs. Hans Vetter), Robert and Donald. Robert married Velma St. Johns and they have four children: Muriel (Mrs. Al Dimmer), Audrey (Mrs. Jack Leveranz), Ronald, and Roberta. Donald married Mildred Patton. Robert (Bob) was born in Claremont and later moved to a farm on the fourth Concession of Uxbridge. He attended school there and Continuation School in Claremont. His father died in 1925, then the farm was sold to Walter Symes and he and his mother moved back to the house in Claremont where he had been born. Bob worked at Mclntyres and then at Frank Barclay's Transport for several years before starting with the Government in the Department of Health. He remained twenty-seven years at St. Thomas and then retired to Stouffville in the fall of 1968. May also grew up in Claremont, then went to Normal School and taught most of her life. She was teaching in Minden, Ontario, at the time of her death, in 1963. Illustration: Malcolm and Robert E. Forsyth (about 1884). Donald obtained his early schooling in Claremont. He went to the University of Toronto and after graduating, took a position at the University of Saskatchewan, in Saskatoon. REID — Samuel Reid came from Suffolk, England, to Canada in 1837. He worked first for John Hamilton at Weston. Later he worked on a farm in Markham Township and then moved to Pickering, settling on Lot 15, Conc. 8. This property was a crown grant to Farrand-Elmsley in 1799. Later Samuel Reid passed it to his son John, who lived on the old, Joseph Wixson property, just north of the bend on the Brock Road. Richard Ward then became the owner and he built the present barn in 1899. During the construction of this barn, Will Palmer fell from the roof and lived to tell about it. In 1909, Richard's son Evans, married Margaret Macklem and they took over the farm. Their family included: Elizabeth (Mrs. Allan Fryer), Kenneth (married Kathleen Rea), and Marjorie (Mrs. Edward Ginger). Mrs. Ward died about 1924. Then Evans married Elizabeth Slack and they farmed on this property until their retirement to Claremont in 1949. Robert and Muriel Torrance then purchased the farm and moved from Cherrywood. They had four sons: John, James, Kenneth and Allen. In 1970, Whitehall Development Corporation bought it and the Torrances moved to Lakefield. It is now occupied by N. Bos and family. In 1916, G.M. Forsyth built a new home and operated the farm located in north Claremont. Then in 1946, it was sold to Edgar Ward who married Mary MacKinnon. They had one son, Keith. The Forsyths built a bungalow and retired on Wixson Street, in Claremont. After several years of farming, Edgar sold the property and retired in Markham. There Mrs. Ward died and he, later, married Edna Benns. Keith, his wife and family live in a new home on the ninth Concession, east of Claremont. RICHARDSON — James Richardson came from Cumberland, England, and settled on Lots 24 and 25, Conc. 9. He married Jane Law (daughter of Robert Law), and their family included: James, Robert, Hannah (Mrs. William Michell), Sarah (Mrs. Henry Michell), Mary (Mrs. John Rawson), and Ann (Mrs. H. Cooper). After Jane died, James married Mary McBeath and their son George, occupied the farm. Later, Edward Hoover and his wife became the owners and they built a lovely new home on their farm which is now in the expropriated area. RUSSELL — George Russell and his wife emigrated from Scotland. George died in 1867 but his wife lived in Claremont for many years. Their son John settled on Lot 15, Conc. 7, and they had seven children: David remained on the farm; another son, James, was a well-known miller in Claremont. David's family included: Milton and Arthur of Markham, Alleda (Mrs. Dougherty), Jessie (Mrs. Norman Burton), Nellie (Mrs. Allison), and Charles. The Russell homestead is now occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Parker. SADLER — Thomas Sadler came from the neighbourhood of Stockton-on-Tees, England, in 1833, and settled first with his brothers, John and William, on the fifth and sixth Concessions. Then, in 1842, he moved to Lot 9, Conc. 9, Pickering. His wife was Jane Hughes and their daughter, Jane, married Richard Wilson. In 1869, Richard and Jane settled on S 1/2 Lot 4, Conc. 8, which had previously been purchased by George Jones in 1829. In 1905, George Wilson (Richard's son), married Margaret Jones, who was a dressmaker in Uxbridge and received a salary of twenty-five cents a day. They purchased the farm at this time and their family included: Lloyd, Paul, Norman, Kathleen, Gordon, Helen and Earle. Lloyd married Doris Galbraith and they are still on the home farm with their son Kenneth. Other members of their family are: Marlene (Mrs. Ronald Hamilton), Donald and Carl. SANDERSON — John Pallister married Elizabeth Keast and settled on Lot 23, Conc. 8, Pickering Township. Their granddaughter, Mary Wilson married Thomas Sanderson of Box Grove, in Markham Township, and their family included: Edith (married Bert Ham and later Widmer Miller); Etta (married Ivan Benson), Fred, Nelson (married Hazel Mantle), Lewis (married Gladys Middleton), Maud (married Maitland Anderson), Harold (married Gertrude Swalwell), Mabel (married Ivan Benson after Etta died). After farming at Brougham and at Underhills, west of Claremont, Thomas Sanderson purchased the Claremont Hotel in 1919. He had already obtained the livery business so he moved the horses and equipment to the hotel and carried on the business under one roof. He remained as proprietor of the hotel until, in 1937, it was destroyed by fire. Nelson's family includes: Evelyn, Thelma, Joan and Reginald. Maitland and Maud Anderson had three sons: Earl, Ray and Ernest, (See ANDERSON). Nelson was employed by the C.P.R. for a number of years, as were most of the young men of the area. Then he served in the Armed Forces during World War I and upon returning, he worked for Russell Construction Company of Toronto, until his death (this company erected the Bloor Street Viaduct in Toronto). SCOTT — Robert Scott emigrated from Cumberland, England, in 1838. He settled first at Lot 32, Conc. 9, and then on Lot 34, Conc. 7, Pickering. Robert married Alice Jones and they had one son John, who later lived at Atha. John was born in 1874 and farmed in the Claremont area for over forty years. His first wife, the former Margaret Bayles, predeceased him in 1946, following which he retired to Stouffville, Ontario. John was on the Markham Fair Board for forty years and held the Presidency when the mortgage was burned in 1943. He was a member of the Claremont School Board for nine years and was well-known as a breeder of fine quality sheep. He later married Genevra Campbell. SCOTT — William Scott was born in Scarborough and in 1861 he married Elizabeth Miller and settled on Lot 12, Conc. 8, Pickering Township. Their family included: Helen, Agnes (Mrs. Peter Macnab Sr.), William George (who became Warden of Ontario County in 1920), Janet, Mary, Robert and David (storekeeper in Claremont). William later bought Lot 22, Conc. 8, and moved there. In all, they owned four properties in Pickering Township. Besides the ones already mentioned, they owned two farms on the eighth Concession. Lot 22, Conc. 8, (known as Spruce Grove Farm) was purchased from William Scott by his son, William George. Then, a Mr. McCallum whose wife operated a millinery shop in Claremont, became the owner. Illustration: Scott Reunion. In 1920, Mr. and Mrs. James McCullough came to Claremont from the Nipissing District and settled on this property. They had eleven children, three of whom became teachers, two nurses, and two business girls. Three of the boys were farmers and one son, Lyman, became Forestry Superintendent for Ontario Hydro in North Bay. James McCullough farmed here for fifteen years and then sold it to his son, Donald, who married Marie Ham. They remained there for several years, then moved to Don Mills, and now live in Newmarket. Mr. and Mrs. McCullough Sr., lived on William Street in the Village of Claremont, from 1935 to 1950. He was an elder and staunch member of Claremont United Church for many years. Richard and Jean Whittington then purchased the farm. They had two children, Carole (Mrs. Gordon McDowell) and David. The farm has since been divided into smaller parcels of land and sold to the Federal Government. Lot 12, Conc. 8, was originally part of the Toronto Purchase made with Farrand-Elmsley in the year 1799. Then Frank Linton purchased it in 1832. While Mr. Linton owned it, the Fenian Raids were taking place (the Fenians were a group of Irish fanatics who hated the English and set out to conquer Canada and in time do away with England). The house at that time was north of the barn and Mr. Linton, having received word that they were coming up the sideroad, made several holes in the walls, placed guns through them and as he loaded, his two daughters fired them. The Fenians believed it to be a whole army ahead and made a hasty retreat. When Isaac Linton arrived to take up homesteading on the lot across the road, he began cutting down trees. Frank heard him and immediately told him that he was on the wrong property. Isaac had become mislead by the bend in the road at the eighth Concession. The Ellis family rented the farm in the 1880's. Mr. Ellis died there, and his wife and family moved to Toronto. William George (W.G.) Scott took over the farm. In 1911, he left the farm to institute the Langstaff Industrial Farm, and William Ormerod and family rented the Scott property. They remained until 1917, when W.G. returned to both his farming and political activities. In 1930, Ralph Wellman, his wife and son Paul came to this farm. This was during the depression and prices were anything but good, but Ralph, through sheer determination and hard work became a successful farmer and thresher. Paul married Eileen Linton and they had two children: Allen, who remained on the farm, and Pauline. SHARRARD — James W. Sharrard was born in 1783 and first took up farming in Markham Township and then near Stouffville. About 1812 he came to Pickering and settled on Lot 21, Conc. 6. He was especially well-known as an effective preacher of the gospel. He had nine children, one of whom was Sylvanus, who married Ruth Wixson (daughter of Joshua Wixson). Sylvanus was a prominent temperance worker; his wife, known as "Grandma Sharrard", was one of the original members of the Claremont Baptist Church and taught Sunday School until she was well over fourscore years. She was ninety-six years of age when she died. Their family included: Mary (Mrs. John Barry), Phoebe (Mrs. Madill), and Abigail (Mrs. Joseph Wixson). Nathaniel Sharrard (brother of James) came to Pickering in 1831. He had nine children, one of whom was Mrs. William Cowie (Lot 26, Conc. 7). SLACK — James Slack emigrated from England to Canada and here he married Anne Faulkner. They lived on the Uxbridge-Pickering townline and had nine children: Ellen (Mrs. Charles Cooper), Jemima (Mrs. Frank DeRusha), Joseph, James, Albert, Freeman, William, Willard and Emmanuel. Emanuel Slack married Alma Lee and their children were Cecil, who married Libbie Wallace (later Mrs. Evans Ward), Bertha (Mrs. John Coates), Perry and Edith. Albert married Elizabeth Beverley and their family were: Wesley and Lila (Mrs. Leslie Gauslin). Freeman Slack married Pearl Alsop and their family included, Edgar, Elva (Mrs. Levi Hopkins), and Stanley. James married Emma Proctor, and their family included: Lewis, William, Henry and Laura. The remaining members of the Slack family resided elsewhere. There are many descendants of this family in this area. SPEARS — Adam Spears came from Scotland and settled on Lot 29, Conc. 7, Pickering Township, in the 1840's, and started a sawmill there. Large quantities of lumber were shipped from there to Frenchman's Bay, and his son, James, continued this business for several years. His family included: Alexander, Robert, John, James (Lot 29, Conc. 7), and Adam. This land was subdivided in recent years with many owners. Now it is in the expropriated area. SPENCER — Uriah Spencer, born in England in 1822, emigrated to Canada and settled in the north-east corner of the Township, Lot 1, Conc. 9, Pickering. He married Elizabeth Ormsby. His grandsons, Harold and Clifford, operated the farm until recently. It has been sold to J.E. Lusted. STOKES — George Stokes came from England in 1836 and taught school in Claremont for a short while. He married Ann O'Brien and settled on Lot 25, Conc. 8, Pickering. This land was originally part of the Crown Grant acquired by George Law in 1801. Their son, Richard, was in business with R.P. Hopper for some years in Claremont. Another son, George, also lived here. Then the land changed hands several times. Hugh Gregg Sr., Nathan Cox, whose wife was Alice Gregg (their son Orville now lives in Claremont), and, in 1958, David McDowell became the owner. He had farmed on the seventh Concession of Markham Township previously. He married Gertrude Jarvis and they had five sons; Bruce, Murray, Gordon, Keith and Carl. Bruce worked the farm until it was expropriated by the Federal Government. TAUN — Richard, George and Keatley Taun came from Yorkshire, England, and settled east of Claremont in the early 1830's. Richard settled near Brougham and was the postmaster there in 1836. George lived on Lot 12, Conc. 8, and his family included George, Richard, Elizabeth, Tressie, and Mary. They owned the farm until Mr. and Mrs. Albert Slack took it over in 1931. Gordon Gauslin (grandson of Albert Slack) became the owner in 1953. He and his wife, Lillian Graham, have two sons, Glen and Ronald. David Hayne, of West Hill, is the present owner. Since buying the property in 1969, he has remodelled the house and transformed it into a lovely home. Mr. and Mrs. Hayne have three children. He is a Professor at the University of Toronto and commutes daily. THOMSON — Thomas (Tarn) Thomson and his wife, Elizabeth Brodie, were born at St. Fergus, Scotland, and came to Canada in the 1830's. They settled on the N.E. ¼ Lot 14, Conc. 8, Pickering, and underwent great hardships. Quote from Past Years of Pickering: "Their first year was a hard one. A colt died. Their cow got fast in the bush and died. The dogs Illustration: The Home of Edgar Evans —This farm was the Birthplace of Tom Thompson, the famous artist and one of the "Group of Seven" - Conc. VIII, Pickering. killed all their sheep and Mrs. Thomson had a long and serious sickness. There was no doctor nearer than Whitby. After her recovery they worked hard, Mrs. Thomson helping to log and clean up the land, and in later days binding many a day behind the cradlers. She often carried two 'patent' pails of eggs to Stouffville and carried home her purchases. Mr. Thomson used to tell of having to peddle eggs to the taverns to get money to pay for taking a letter from the post office." They eventually built a little stone cottage on the farm and spent their remaining years there. Their only son, John, married Margaret Matheson of Prince Edward Island and Tom (the famous artist) was the sixth of ten children. Two months after Tom was born, his parents decided to move to a farm at Leith near Owen Sound. There he grew up and became one of "The Group of Seven''. His paintings have been shown at exhibitions all over the world and in 1967, one sketch was sold in Toronto for $15,250. Some of his work is on permanent exhibition at the McMichael Conservation Collection at Kleinburg, Ontario. In 1842, James Evans Sr. (1817-1906) and Sarah Pugh (1820-1900), had emigrated from Radnor, Wales, to Lot 9, Conc. 9, Pickering Township. In 1876, James and Sarah bought the farm (Lots 13 and 14, north half, Conc. 8, Pickering), from the Thomsons and lived in the cottage with their daughter, Jennie, who was not married. Their son John and his wife Hannah Breuls lived in the stone house. In 1879, when James Sr.'s daughter, Elizabeth, died nine days after the birth of her son, Evans Ward, James and Sarah took the baby, and for twelve years he lived with them at the cottage. Evans Ward then worked at his father's farm at Balsam. His Grandmother was very superstitious and in the summer when Grandfather Evans would cut his hair out on the stoop, she would have her broom ready to sweep up the hair as soon as it fell, because she believed if a bird picked up a hair, there would be a death in the family. James Evans Jr. was born in his parent's log house on Lot 9, Conc. 9, Pickering. He married Rachel Morgan and lived on Lot 4, Conc. 5, Uxbridge, where their eight children were born: Mary, Edwin, Morgan, Ella, Margaret, Ethel, Mabel and Ross. James Jr. finally moved into the stone house, taking Morgan, Margaret, Ethel, Mabel and Ross, and leaving the remaining members to operate the Uxbridge farm. This separated the family for seven years. James Sr. eventually lived with his daughter Sarah, who married Duncan Morgan, and lived where Jack Morgan now farms. Morgan Evans, the third child of James Jr. and Rachel, bought the farm. He married Elizabeth Linton, daughter of William Linton and Elizabeth Burgess. Elizabeth (Lizzie) walked three miles to Claremont every day while learning dressmaking at Nellie Bushby's Tailoring shop. They sold about 500 barrels of apples for overseas shipment from the large orchard north of the cottage. In 1908, Morgan tore down the old cattle barn and used the timbers from it for the new 50' x 84' hip-roof barn. John Ashenhurst was the builder and Harry Found was the stonemason, assisted by Albert Rawson, of Claremont. The lane, at that time, went west to the sideroad and a little burial plot was fenced off with a picket fence. Each spring, Lizzie's father, William Linton, would tap the maple trees in the bush and make maple syrup in return for one-third share of the syrup. In October, 1954, Hurricane Hazel cut diagonally through the bush and uprooted about two acres of the best maple trees for tapping. Their sugar shack was badly damaged and had to be rebuilt. Morgan's children, also Evans Ward's and Morgan Pugh's children remember taking their medicine bottles down to the bush for Grandpa Linton to fill with Indian medicine (half-boiled down sap). They were just to take a spoonful at a time! When their "medicine" was gone, Grandpa would refill the bottles. In 1919, Morgan Evans and Norman Linton bought a saw mill, on shares, for $200. Morgan was to saw the lumber for the barn Norman erected in 1920, in return for Norman's share. Dick Day had his steam-engine on it for several years and others who worked there were Will and Jack Norton, Dick Chase, Alf Lemmon and Will Eckhardt. Here they could saw 10,000 board feet of lumber in a day. During its operation, Alf Lemmon had his hand cut off by the edger. In 1917, when Cedar Creek School was relocated from east of the sideroad to the west of it, Morgan Evans was a trustee, the secretary, and also on the building committee. In 1924, the scarlet fever epidemic was rampant and the Evans' were in strict quarantine. No one could leave the farm and money could not be exchanged. The neighbours fetched their groceries from the store and left them in the northwest corner of the farm. Morgan and Lizzie lived for a few years in the stone cottage. Eva and William were born there. Then they moved into the larger stone house where Alma, Edgar, and Mabel were born. Eva married Vince Baker of Woodville; William married Aldine Ward of Claremont; Alma married Lorne Jones, of Mount Zion, Edgar married Janet Stewart, daughter of Mrs. Mary A. Stewart and the late Dr. J.W. Stewart of Windsor; and Mabel married Carl Dopking, whose father was the C.P.R. agent in Claremont for many years. In 1945, Morgan and Lizzie moved to Claremont, where they lived the remaining part of their lives. Edgar took over the farm and began shipping milk to Toronto daily. He also grew peas and corn for Stokely's Canning Factory. During the thirties and forties, Mrs. Connor hired Edgar to take his team and sleigh on the bread route, at first with Elmer Shirk, and later with Clifford Reynolds. The Wednesday route was to Goodwood and Siloam and back by way of Altona. The other route was by Chalk Lake to Utica, and the sixth Concession of Reach Township. Some people bought twenty loaves of bread and froze it by keeping it outside. This was before the modern deep-freezers. Edgar decided to give up dairy farming, bought a small farm at Woodville and built a house there. He started a new life in a new community. His family include: Donald, who lives at Port Elgin, Robert Kirk and John William, twins. Robert lives at home and John died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. George Hamann, of Toronto, purchased the farm in 1971. They have restored the cottage and remodelled the stone house. It is a pleasure to see the land and farm buildings so well cared for. James Evans Sr. also owned Lots 13 and 14, Conc. 9, Pickering. Then the ownership passed through many hands but mainly remained in the Evans name. The owners were James Evans, 1877, William Evans, Edward Evans, Milton Benson, Edward Evans, Morgan Evans and finally, in 1957, William R. Evans, son of Morgan Evans. TRACY — William Tracy emigrated from England in 1832 and settled on Lot 24, Conc. 8, Pickering. William Tracy's son, Alfred, married Eliza Gostick and helped to chop out the ninth Concession of Pickering. William's daughter Ellen, married William Michell who was the first Reeve of Pickering Township. Frederick Tracy, son of Alfred, became a Professor at the University of Toronto. UNDERHILL — Robert Underhill came from Devonshire to Canada about 1857. He settled first at Bowmanville and afterwards east of Picker- Illustration: The Underhill Home (now the Property of Peter Garland). ing. He married Annie Salton and they settled on Lot 23, Conc. 6, and Lot 23, Conc. 7, Pickering. In later years he retired to Claremont (later Milroy's Funeral Home). His son, James, a former Reeve of Pickering Township, lived on the farm where the Claremont School now stands. His daughter Clara was born there. In 1905, his wife died and because of his ill-health, he purchased the house opposite this (where Lehmans now live). The farm was sold to Joseph Borland. In 1912, they bought Lot 21, Conc. 9, Pickering, (200 acres). This farm has a unique history. In 1828, it was patented by the King's College. Three years later a twenty-one year lease was granted to Allan Granger, pertaining to the east half and in 1834, a Poll Deed was secured. Note — (a Pickering Township lot is 80 x 400 rods — Many were divided lengthwise 40 x 400 rods E & W half — called "a long 100"). This gave him a conditional ownership. His equity conveyed by will, was invalidated in 1847. The McFarlanes purchased the property in 1856 and retained it until in 1881 the Macnabs took possession; 1912 —James Underhill; 1934 — Frank Carson; 1973 — south half expropriated by the Crown for International Airport. Frank and Clara Carson have four children: Keith, Murray, Aubrey and Barbara. About 1850, the name King's College was changed to Toronto University — the authoritative power went with the change. Illustration: Mr. and Mrs. William Waddell (nee Sarah Pugh). WADDELL — (HERON) — William Waddell emigrated from Scotland in 1835, and with his wife, Catherine Thomson, and family of eight children, settled on Lot 11, Conc. 9, Pickering. Mr. Waddell was elder of the Presbyterian Church for sixty-three years and it is said that he walked from his home to Kingston Road, in South Pickering, to attend church. His daughter, Isabella (aged 14 years, 7 months) was buried on their farm part of which later became Claremont Union Cemetery. His son, Alexander, was born in 1821 and lived on the old homestead until later years when he retired in Stouffville. He fought in the Fenian Raids and was commissioned ensign in 1856 and captain in 1857 in the Fourth Battalion of Ontario Militia. He married Agnes Somerville. In 1863, the stone house, which is still standing, was built by James Walker. "Contract for stone house - Glen Sharrard, Dec. 16, 1863. Alexander Waddell Esq. to James Walker (Builder) To Building a House Contract - $355.00 Exter Worke - 6.00 Two Hundred Feet of Lumber - 2.60 .............................................$363.60" Illustration: Residence if Alexander Waddell - Lot 11, Conc. 9, Pickering (now the Property of Ross Heron. His second son, William spend his life in Pickering and married Sarah Edwards. A third son was named Thomas. Arthur Prose bought the farm in 1920. He and his wife had several children. Ella (Mrs. Tom Hammond) was the only to remain in the area. Levi Hopkins became the owner of the farm in 1950 and he and William Eckardt took the bush off for lumber. Then, in 1952, Lou Sherry purchased the property for $12, 500. A great deal of money was spent on renovating the buildings and the gorunds, and with more additions, and changes by the present owner, Ross Heron, it is now a lovely estate. WARD - (JAMIESON) - The William Ward homestead (Lot 4, Concession 8) was sold in 1910 to Victor Jamieson and his wife, Nellie Burnett who were married in 1900. Her father, Leonard Burnett had farmed 330 acres south-west of Greenbank and became Federal Member of Parliament for South Ontario in 1896. Her mother, Sarah Dryden, who was born and brought up on the Dryden Farm, north-east of Brooklin, recently owned by one of the Kahn brothers. Victor and Nellie had two sons, Burnett and Ray. The present house was built by Richard Ward in 1867 and the farm came to be known as "Shady Nook Farm". Ray died suddenly in 1926 at the age of nineteen and Burnett carried on with the farm. He married Lillian Parrott of Ashburn and they had three children: Marean (Mrs. Richard Ward) of Claremont, Donald, who married Shirley Empringham and is still on the farm, and Mary Jean (Mrs. Duncan Martin) of Pickering. Mary Jean died suddenly in 1973. WHITSON — James Whitson and his mother emigrated in 1833 from Scotland. James was only seventeen at the time and he served as a scout with the Whitby Company in the Mackenzie Rebellion. After living in several places they settled on Lot 26, Concession 7. James married Ellen Bell and their family included: James, John (Lot 28, Concession 8), Margaret, Jane and Robert (Atha Post Office), Adam, George and Elizabeth. Lot 26, Concession 7 was later occupied by Elroy Clodd and family; Lot 28, Concession 8, by Fred Draper, Albert Foster and Ray Coakwell respectively . WIDEMAN — Lot 35, Concession 9, Pickering was first owned by Henry Wideman, youngest son of Henry Wideman (one of the first pioneers of Markham Township). Sixty acres of this farm was given to his son Abram. Abram married Nancy Heisey and they had five daughters and two sons: Sarah (Mrs. James Holden), Elva (Mrs. William Conn), Matilda (Mrs. Lawrence Hoachie), William married Rose Meyers, David married Margaret Tipping and Alma. Abram built a large brick house on the farm where the log cabin stood. He died before his sons were old enough to take over the farm. The farm was then sold to Dr. Sylvanus Freel of Stouffville. He added fifty acres more to the farm and rented it to: Albert Davis, Robert Burnett and John Thomas, respectively. In 1920 Mr. Freel sold the farm to Henry Wideman, a nephew of Abram and grandson of Henry Wideman. The first year that they lived on the farm, the large barn containing all the crop was burnt. Henry married Elizabeth Pugh and they raised three children: Jessie (Mrs. Morgan Hill), Edward married Bessie Robinson and Arthur married Beatrice Carter. Henry worked the farm with the help of his sons until 1937, when his son Arthur took over. He farmed the property until his death in 1966. During this time the house was burned. Arthur and Beatrice had three children: Stephen married Donna Wideman, Sharon (Mrs. James Daniels), and Nancy (Mrs. Norman Robinson). Mrs. Arthur Wideman continued to live on the farm which was expropriated by the Federal Government in 1972. WILKINS — (DEATH) — On May 3, 1845, John S. Macauley granted Lot 1, Conc. 8, Pickering, to John Nelson Potter and Anne Gee. This document was a Soldiers' Grant and the business was transacted at Newcastle, Ontario. They built a log cabin on the south-west field on Conc. 8. Then in 1846, at Montreal, John Potter received the Crown Grant. More acreage was acquired each time. In 1855, the stone house was built by a Mr. Pearson, stonemason, who lived where Cherry Downs Golf Course now is located. The stones used in the construction of the house were found on the farm and the lintels over the windows were stone-boated from Whitby Harbour. Ramps were built to the road, to roll them up over the upstairs windows. This is one of the finest old stone houses in Pickering Township. In 1862, at Quebec, Alexander Wilkin acquired the Crown Grant and the Wilkin family retained it until 1953, when Lindsay L. Death became the owner of 134 acres of land. The Deaths are well- known for their fruit and vegetables in this area. The farm is now known as "Green Brae". WILLIAMS — David Williams and his wife, Naomi Thomson, came from Radnorshire, Wales, in 1842. He was in search of his brother, William, who had emigrated some years before. After a great deal of searching they settled on the ninth Concession of Pickering. William was never found. Their family included: David, John, Margaret (Mrs. John Crompton), Mary (Mrs. Price Pugh), William (who owned 390 acres on Lots 6, 7, 8, and 9, of the ninth Concession), Charles and Naomi. Lots 6 and 7 are part of High Hills Ltd. owned by the Osiers. Charles Williams emigrated from Wales in 1842 and settled with his wife, Siverena Jones and father, David, on Lot 6, Conc. 9. Their children included: Mrs. J. Wighton, Mrs. William Brandon, Mrs. W. Fiss, Mrs. Bert Wilson and Mrs. Levi Storry. WILSON — Thomas Wilson came from Ireland and settled on the N ½ of Lot 1, Conc. 7, Pickering, in 1846. He paid fifty pounds for a little less than fifty acres from an army officer. His son James, married Elizabeth Birkett, and their daughter, Myrtle Robinson, still lives on this farm. His son, John, married Sarah E. Cook, and their son, Albert Henry (Bert) married Emma Jane Williams. They lived in Midland for three years where their son Elmer was born. They returned to the Balsam district, and in 1924, they bought the farm at Lot 6, Conc. 8, Pickering. Elmer married Alma Pugh and they had three children: Anna, John and James. The third generation is now farming it, as well as the old "Hortop" land at Lots 7 and 8, Conc. 8. WILSON — William Wilson emigrated from England and settled on Lot 23, Conc. 7, Pickering, about 1841. He bought one hundred acres from a Toronto land agent for one hundred pounds. This property was then sold to his son, Neurick and later, to Grenfell Wilson and his son. Illustration: Rocking Horse -Handmade by Alexander Waddell for William Waddell well over 100 years ago. YAKE — In 1808, Samuel Swartz came from Pennsylvania and settled on Lot 33, Conc. 9, Pickering Township. He obtained a Crown Grant of the entire two hundred acres. Daniel Yake was the second owner. Daniel, his wife and five children, had emigrated from Germany but because of their hardships during the fourteen week voyage, his wife and four of the children died and were buried at sea. He and his little daughter finally reached Pennsylvania and there he met and married Mary Nicely, by whom he had a family of three boys. Around 1800 they came to Canada bringing what little they had with them. There was no place to buy food and they were forced into eating plants out of the forest. In 1812, when their son Michael refused to bear arms, he was sent to jail and lived on nothing but bread and water. Mrs. Lossington Hill and Mrs. Gordon Riddle were descendants of Daniel Yake and members of their families still live in Claremont. This farm until recently was owned and operated by Mr. and Mrs. Orval Fretz but is now in the expropriated area. Illustration: The Home of Mrs. Harry Porter - Built in 1890 CHAPTER 19 The Future of Claremont - TO BE or NOT TO BE? Deeply woven into our lives is the history of this land of ours. It does not belong to antiquity. Gradually it slips away and yet there is still the desire to inquire into the lives of the people, who they were, and what they achieved so that a record may be passed on to future generations. Many of the descendants of these pioneers have departed yet they have left a heritage that will not be soon forgotten. Rural living has come a long way since the first settlers claimed this as their home. For the first fifty years it was a constant struggle for existence. Then as money became more plentiful and new methods in farming became known, the larger farmer bought more land, better farm machinery and improved breeds of livestock. The farmer believed that he was indispensable. However, with each depression, the weaker farmer was weeded out until now only the wealthy can afford this type of industry. In March 1972, the news of the new International Airport was announced. It seemed like a dream. Immediately the thought of losing eighteen thousand acres of valuable farm land, that had been inhabited by these same people, became a nightmare. Was this land to be used for an airport? Was it to be covered with concrete? Would there be no more hamlets such as Atha or Altona? Many of the two thousand residents affected became bitterly opposed. Emotions reached a fever pitch and land values in the area soared overnight. A sense of justice and love for what was rightfully theirs, caused these people to rise and fight. Immediately, two groups were organized, P.O.P. (People or Planes) under the leadership of Dr. Charles Godfrey opposing P.O.W. (Progress Over Welfare) led by Mr. David Binger, of Brougham. A meeting was held in April 1972, in Claremont Community Hall. Crowds of people gathered to hear the pros and cons of this new development. Mr. Binger explained his stand in favour of the Airport, giving job opportunities for our children in the future and the industrial-commercial assessment which might be produced. His speech was greeted with mingled applause and booing. The crowd grew impatient as the meeting progressed. Clark 277 Muirhead repeated his criticism of the Airport, quoting from a study that had been carried out predicting "highly adverse consequences''. The meeting ended in a state of confusion. The location of this project was to be immediately west of Claremont with its northern boundary, the Uxbridge-Pickering townline and its southern boundary just north of No. 7 Highway. Little Rouge Creek and East Duffin's Creek were to be its east and west boundaries. Claremont, although not situated in the expropriated area, was still to be in the so-called "noise" zone. Some said, "it would be taken later," others "it would be used for land development" while others said "it would be left to degenerate". To be or not to be — that was the question. Claremont is a pretty little village — peaceful and quiet since the new by-pass has taken care of the heavy traffic of gravel trucks that frequented the Brock Road. Many residents of this village have grown up together, marrying friends they have known since childhood. The men have earned a decent living, enough to buy or build a comfortable home in the area. While most of the women have remained at home with their children, others have commuted to and from their place of employment. Life has remained simple with few pressures and certainly no pollution, however there is no cause for boredom with the many activities available every day of the week. There is still no house-to-house mail delivery but if you wish to hear the latest local news, the old-timers still gather at the post office long enough to pick up their mail and report the daily doings. The elderly live quite comfortably on their pensions but sometimes they must "dip" into their savings if they want something a little extra. They are quite content knowing that they haven't had such a bad life after all. Changes have come slowly around Claremont until the last two or three years. They have not been in a rush to try out all the newest innovations, but wait until Toronto or Oshawa has sampled them. The northern part of Pickering Township has been sadly neglected since the municipality took it over in 1968 and Claremont lost its Village status. Sidewalks and road conditions have deteriorated while taxes soared and residents began losing interest in their homes. After the announcement of the Airport, farmers began thinking of new locations, new jobs and new homes. In the area west of the Brock Road, there was a sudden decline in the appearance of farm buildings and land. Weeds covered acres of land and barns that were empty became an eyesore. Most of the farmers were well satisfied with the price they received for their farms — some have never had it so good but the empty houses and barns have given the area an appearance of waste. Only seven years ago, 1967 to be exact, the property then owned by Murray Dunkeld situated on the eighth Concession of Pickering, was selected as the winner of the Farmstead Improvement Centennial Project in Pickering Township out of fifteen entries. Now it has been vacated. What is the future of this community? Many would like to know the answer. With the birth of the new Regional Municipality of Durham, as of January 1974, we are now in the Town of Pickering. One must not expect the world to stand still for our benefit. However, if this new development will give job opportunities to the unemployed and freedom to the farmers who have been burdened all thier lives — then we must bow to progress. It is only hoped that the Government will ensure the preservation of many of these historic sites as well as its natural environment before it is too late. It seems ironical however, that the descendants of our ancestors, who chopped down the forests, built their homes and tilled their land, should now be evicted from their own dwellings by the power that their forefathers helped to build. ECLOGUE X This then is the year's pause, and here we stop, We finish, and put summer's toys away. Our neighbouring farmers have stored up their crop. The end now crowns the work, as night the day. The first snow comes, and simplifies the land, The stilling frost and wind seal up the ground, Seal up our Claremont comfort with a band Unbreakable until next season's round. Here is no cause for grief: in every end There is the next beginning. Roses bear At last their earliest dust's appointed trend. We shall be back again another year. Claremont Eclogues "By Permission of the Author" Angus Smart. The following letter was sent by Miss Mae Wilson (Mrs. James Underhill) to Miss Martha Robb (Mrs. Verner) after the Gould wedding in Uxbridge 1890. June 12, 1890 "To say it was a grand affair is only speaking mildly of it. There were over a hundred there — pretty tony crowd. The bride was dressed in white China silk, made with a train. She had a white veil — wreath of orange blossoms etc. The groom gave her a diamond set brooch and ear-rings that looked perfectly beautiful. She showed us her other new dresses, there was black silk — blue tea-gown — rose coloured travelling dress — print dress, print wrapper. The presents were such as I never expect to see again — they were magnificent — hundreds of dollars worth. She got one silver tea-pot, which alone cost $16.00. The presents were mostly silverware — we took her a pickle cruet. It was ruby coloured glass set in a silver frame. The tables were set in a large tent, out on the grounds. The cake was a square five storey, beautifully decorated with flowers and birds. They left in the evening for a Machinew trip up among the lakes." The day of this wedding happened to be the day of the great flood of 1890. Miss Wilson wrote: "In the evening such an awful storm came up, blowing down all the tents and spoiling the cakes which they had left there, for evening refreshments. Everything was spoilt but the wedding cake, which Mr. Gould had brought in before the storm came. There was a little dancing in the evening. The day after the wedding we came home — started after dinner. The storm came up so hard when we were a few miles north of Claremont, that we had to drive into a place — there, they even were strangers to us, we stayed until the storm was over. It would be about three o'clock, when it got almost dark as night and the rain just coming down in drifts and to make matters worse, I could not get the horse to go more than a snail's pace, at least, that was the way of it — seemed so to me. When the storm was over, again we started for home and got nearly to Claremont. We met a man that we knew and he said "we could not get down that way as the bridge was gone, so was the one east and the one west." So we turned around and went away up to the town-line and thought we would go west to the sideroad — but as we got turned, there was a shouting behind us — that we could not go that way as the bridge was gone — but the man went down that we knew, so we followed. He unhitched his horse, rode it through the creek up to its back and wheeled his buggy across on two planks he had got and fixed the bridge, then he unhitched and swam our horse across and wheeled our buggy across. There were three other bad bridges before we got home but this man came out of his way to see that we got safely over them. He is an implement agent whom father had bought quite a few machines from. I thought it was so kind of him. He went wading in the water over his shoe-tops. The storm did such a lot of damage to some folks — we escaped with very little, just two maples, and an apple tree broken down. Mr. Green, in Greenwood, has two mills over there and his loss is valued at $2,000. One mill in Claremont was moved about two feet and the lumber and the logs were washed down to it from the mill above until they were piled up about 10 feet high. Some of the lumber was washed to the next concession. The cost to repair the bridges in the township is estimated at about $20,000." Pickering News— June 13, 1890 "The only thing occupying interest is the floods of last week. The damage done to property both public and private in this neighbourhood is appalling. On the 9th concession alone seven bridges were lost. Then the loss to Mr. Barry is great. His dam was carried away and with it large quantities of lumber, besides hundreds of logs placed in the dam preparatory to sawing. His loss will reach up into the thousands. The bridge just east of the mill on the Brock Road was carried away and it cannot be replaced much under $1,000. The old Michell mill has been lifted about three feet off the foundation and rendered useless. The railroad bridge east of the village over Duffin's Creek was carried away, as was the dam at Evansville mills. We understand that Mr. Ellis has had the dam repaired so that it is again running full blast.....Many farmers had much damage done to their crops, large trenches being cut through the fields tearing out crops. Peas will almost be a total failure . . . The Pathmasters have been busy all week building temporary bridges so that traffic has been resumed with some difficulty. There has never been such a flood experienced here within the faintest recollection of our oldest residents and we will long remember the inundation of June 5th, 1890." APPENDIX II DONALD RAWSON Donald Rawson, son of Reuben Rawson, attended school in Claremont, then attended the University of Toronto. In 1946 he became head of the Biology Department at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, a position he retained until his death, in 1961. In 1962, Mrs. Rawson received a scroll from Premier W.S. Lloyd showing an aerial photograph of Rawson Bay in Nemeiben Lake, which was the last lake on which Dr. Rawson carried out fisheries research. The scroll had the following inscription: "Named in memory of Donald S. Rawson, Phd., F.R.S.C, 1905 — 1961, in recognition of his outstanding services to Saskatchewan and to Canada in the fields of limnology and biology." It goes on to describe him as a devoted teacher and professor and an outstanding scientist and pathfinder in the practical application of limnology. A street in Saskatoon has been named Rawson Street, in memory of this noted scientist. MRS. R.P. HOPPER 1845 — 1922 Jane Agar, wife of R.P. Hopper, was the author of the book entitled Old-Tyme Primitive Methodism in Canada. This book she dedicated to her parents, James and Margaret Agar, who were identified with early Methodism in Toronto. She portrayed this form of religion in her published volume, and through this early training, became one of those rare individuals who possess the moral strength to surpass all obstacles in life. Her humour and good common sense were both her salvation and contentment. She was very active in church work, women's organizations and civic politics but much of what she did was hardly known. She and her husband lived on the south-east corner of Joseph and Wixson Streets, in Claremont. Mr. Hopper purchased the stone store at the south-east corner of the Ninth Concession and the Brock Road in 1875, and continued in business until 1897, when he sold it to his brother, David. W.H. Adams has written, "Faith was with her essentially a sixth sense. What others seem only to have won, was hers by a high intuition. In the best meaning of the term, she was a Christian mystic, and the "practice of the presence of God" was her habit as it was, too, her strength, refreshment and consolation." DR. H.S. HILLIER Dr. H.S. Hillier was born in England and came to Canada as a boy and concluded his education at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, where he received the degrees of B.A. (1920), B. Th. (1929) and D.D. (1948). He had pastorates in Clarenceville, Que., Dunnville, Ont., and in Bolivia, South America. Dr. and Mrs. Hillier were married in July, 1922 and went to Bolivia as missionaries in December, 1922. They worked in Bolivia for twenty-five years with three furloughs intervening. Dr. Hillier published two books in Spanish and established the Southern Cross Radio Station. In 1946, Dr. Hillier was appointed Associate General Secretary of the Canadian Baptist Foreign Mission Board and in that same year he became the General Secretary-Treasurer of the Board, which post he held for eleven years. He has visited many continents and countries throughout the world including: Africa, India and Pakistan. After his retirement from the Canadian Baptist Foreign Mission Board, he accepted a call to the pastorate of the Claremont Baptist Church on October 4, 1963. He spent five good years in Claremont and on his retirement a reception was held in the Legion Hall, Claremont, where many friends and associates came to bid him farewell. Dr. Hillier remarked that "It has been a pleasant relationship for all concerned. I feel the church needs younger men, now we'll have more time to tend our petunias." WILLIAM NEWMAN The Honourable William G. Newman, son of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Newman, of Greenwood, has lived most of his life in Pickering and now resides at Balsam on the former Winton White property. Before coming to this area, he farmed the land that is now known as West Shore in South Pickering. On February 26, 1974, after years of involvment in politics, he was appointed Ontario's new Minister of the Environment. Mr. Newman had been serving as Parliamentary Assistant to Transportation and Communication Minister Gordon Carton since March 1972. Before that he had served on Pickering Township Council for six years and was the youngest Reeve to ever hold that position. In 1967 he won the Ontario South election and steadily gained popularity. He and his wife, Molly, named their place of residence "Tanrydoon" which means "Welcome" and this describes the atmosphere of the Newman home. They have three children: Cathy, Carrie (Missy) and Allan. SARAH ELIZABETH EVANS Sarah Elizabeth Evans was born in 1868, on the farm owned by her parents, William Evans and Melissa Morgan, Lot 14, Conc. 9, Pickering. Rolph, her brother, was born three years later and from the beginning they were associated with Claremont Baptist Church. Their father William was the son of James and Sarah (Pugh) Evans who emigrated from Radnorshire, Wales. Their mother, Melissa Morgan, was the daughter of Alexander and Elizabeth (Sharrard) Morgan. He was a blacksmith and carried on this business on the lot where Earl Pilkey now lives. The large brick house was built by these early settlers. After William's death at the age of forty, the mother and two children farmed in Uxbridge Township. While living there, a Miss Little came to teach at Webb School and she lived with the Evans family. She and Elizabeth became firm friends — later Miss Little married David Gregg, father of Miss Isobel Gregg. Elizabeth was very fortunate to be able to attend Ontario Ladies' Col- lege, Whitby, to extend her education and learn many crafts. She and her brother Rolph and their mother then moved to Claremont (third house north of Booth Dispensers Ltd). In the early 1900's, Elizabeth gave music lessons on her organ and later on the piano. Their home was filled with many beautiful crafts made by Elizabeth and her mother: oil paintings, charcoal sketches, a hand-knit coverlet over beautiful home-made quilts displaying the finest stitchery, and chairs covered in needlepoint. Elizabeth played the organ in the Baptist Church for many years and accompanied the Baptist Male Quartette. She was a leader of the Mission Circle and became one of the Directors of the Whitby-Lindsay Association. She was Secretary of the Women's Institute for twenty-five years. Through all of her eighty-six years, Miss Evans (Elizabeth) remained young at heart. Many of her Young People's Sunday School Class have gone out into the world much the better for having had the influence of such a wonderful Christian lady and friend. She had great respect for the advice that "Ma" had bestowed upon her. APPENDIX III PAST REEVES OF PICKERING TOWNSHIP OF THIS AREA MR. JOHN FORGIE John Forgie, son of John Forgie and Barbara Duncan, was born on Lot 19, Concession 9, Pickering. His parents farmed there for more than thirty years, then they retired to the Village of Claremont. John Forgie Jr., married Miss Bowes and they had two sons, Murray and William. In 1901, his wife died and in 1906 he married Charlotte Howitt. They remained on the home farm. Mr. Forgie took an active part in politics. He began as an Assessor of the Township of Pickering in 1906 and served in that capacity for three years. Then after a lapse of two years, he was returned to the same position. In 1913, he was elected councillor for the Township, the office he held until 1916, and deputy reeve in 1917, part of 1918 and part of 1922. When R.R. Mowbray was unable to fulfil his commitments in 1918, John Forgie became Reeve, a post he also held in 1923 and 1924. Mr. and Mrs. Forgie sold the farm in 1925 to Mr. David Dawson and moved to Claremont. Mr. Forgie travelled by horse and buggy, often staying in the south end of the township for two or three days at a time, until he had fulfilled his duties. There he remained overnight with his sister, Mrs. Robert Carson, then living in Dunbarton. MR. MALCOLM FORSYTH Mr. Forsyth was one of Pickering Township's most active and enthusiastic municipal leaders. During his colourful political career, which extended from 1901 until his death, Mr. Forsyth held almost every major office in both the Township of Pickering and the Police Village of Claremont. He was intensely proud of his municipal record. He was one of the Township's most noted historians. His compact office-library carried records dating back to early pioneer life in the municipality. He was active in the South Ontario Liberal Association. Mr. Forsyth started at the bottom of the municipal ladder and climaxed his career by being chosen Warden of Ontario County in 1928. In 1901, he was elected to the Claremont Public School Board, an office he held, off and on, for thirty years. He was a board member when the Continuation School was established in Claremont. Other members at that time were Dr. Ralph Brodie and Albert Rawson. He was a charter member of the Claremont Cemetery Board from 1908 until his death. He was a member on the first board of Trustees when Claremont was declared a Police Village in 1908 and held that position until 1917. G.M. Forsyth was elected to Pickering Township Council in 1921. From 1923 to 1926, he was Deputy Reeve and in 1927 he became Reeve of Pickering Township holding the office for two years. He had been appointed the Claremont representative to the Hydro Commission and during his term as Reeve, he was instrumental in bringing hydro to Claremont. "Mac" was the son of Daniel Forsyth and Rachel Barry, who settled first around Glasgow, in Uxbridge Township and then in Claremont. He married Lillian Cooper of Claremont and they had four children; Viola, Mary (deceased in 1943), Georgina and Barry, who died in infancy. Viola and Georgina sold their home in 1973 and moved to Markham. Mr. Forsyth had many interests but fanning was his livelihood. He specialized in breeding Shorthorn cattle and Clydesdale horses. He was a charter member of the Ontario County Plowmen's Association and was called on to judge cattle at many rural fairs. Mr. Edgar Ward purchased the Forsyth farm in 1946 and Mr. Forsyth built a lovely red brick bungalow at the corner of Wixson Street and the ninth Concession, where he spent his retirement years. He died in 1959. GEORGE GEROW George Gerow was the son of John Gerow, of French descent. Around 1810, the Gerows emigrated to the United States and then to Canada, where they settled on Concession 2, Pickering. They later lived in Claremont. John had four sons, Daniel, John who became Proprietor of the hotel in Brougham, Walter and George. George was a well-known pumpmaker in this area. He was keenly interested in municipal activities and in 1889 was elected Deputy Reeve for two years. From 1891 to 1894 he served as Councillor. Then in 1895 he was elected Reeve and in 1902, although not in council at the time, he was appointed Warden of Ontario County. George later moved to Port Perry where he became Reeve. His son John carried on the pump-making business. E.B. HOOVER Elias B. Hoover was the youngest son of Abraham Hoover and Maria Burkholder who lived on four hundred acres of land, including Lot 34, Concession 8 and parts of Lots 35, Concession 7, Lot 31, Concession 7 and 30, Concession 7. Elias married Rachel Lott and lived on the east half of Lot 34, Concession 8. Besides farming he was a member of the Township Council for five years, Deputy Reeve for two years and Reeve in 1915-1916. JOHN MILLER John Miller was born near Annan, Dumfrees, Scotland on May 12, 1817. On April 12, 1835 he left Scotland arriving on the first of June. For five years he lived in Markham, then after other members of the family arrived, they settled on Lot 25, Concession 7, Pickering. In 1848, he bought the farm since known as "Thistle Ha'' where he spent the rest of his life. He married Margaret Whiteside and had the following family: William, Robert, James, John, Ellen, Agnes, Elizabeth and Margaret. His second wife was Elizabeth Boyer and their family were: George, Andrew, Henry and Mary. John was a successful farmer and an importer and breeder of stock. He took an active part in the affairs of the Township serving as Councillor and Reeve for many years and in 1876 became Warden of Ontario County. He died in 1904. JOSEPH MONKHOUSE Joseph Monkhouse came to Canada in 1849 and began storekeeping in Altona the following year. In 1857 he married Christina Reesor and leaving the store he began milling. His wife died in 1865. In 1874 he moved to Lot 32, Concession 9, and for twelve years managed the farm. He then married Elizabeth Kester and soon became interested in municipal affairs. He served for ten years in Pickering Township Council being Reeve from 1884-87 and Warden of Ontario County in 1887. When his brother died, he returned to the store and continued until his death in 1903. He was succeeded by his son, Willis J. Monkhouse. WILLIAM REESOR William Reesor was born on his parent's farm, April 28, 1875, in the Village of Altona. His education was attained at the village school-house. He always enjoyed sports, participating in football, baseball, hockey, curling and lawn bowling. Mr. Reesor won many hunting trophies and from the first bear that he shot (weighing 200 pounds), a lovely bear rug was made. Mr. Reesor was a farmer most of his life. In the early days of his youth, he helped his father, Mr. Elias Reesor on the home farm and later, when he married, he bought his own farm in Mongolia. Finally, he purchased a farm from Mr. Joseph Monkhouse, in Altona. He was extremely interested in public affairs, serving thirteen years on the Council of Pickering Township — six years as Councillor, two years as Deputy Reeve and five years as Reeve. He was Warden of Ontario County in 1943. It was a strange coincidence that the same farm should have two owners who both became Wardens of Ontario County — Mr. Monkhouse and Mr. Reesor. He was an active member of the Altona Christian Church and later, the Missionary Church. Mr. Reesor married Ethel Millard and their family included: Kate (Mrs. Walter Carter), Evelyn (Mrs. Fred McNair) and Millard. In 1953, Mr. and Mrs. Reesor moved to Stouffville and his son continued on the farm (Altonholme Farm), Lot 32, Concession 9, until it was sold to Revenue Properties "Century City" in June, 1969. Mr. Reesor died in Stouffville in July, 1968. WILLIAM GEORGE SCOTT William George Scott was the son of William and Elizabeth (Miller) Scott. His father was born in Scarborough, of Scotch descent, and in 1861, they settled on Lot 12, Concession 8, Pickering. They owned four different properties in North Pickering and later moved to Lot 22, Concession 8. Their family included Helen, Agnes, William George, Janet, Mary, Robert and David (Proprietor of the Corner Store in Claremont, 1915-1927). W.G. Scott, a farmer, was a breeder of Clydesdale horses and had a good herd of Shorthorn cattle. He was an Elder and active supporter of the Presbyterian Church in Claremont; a member of Brougham Union A.F. and A.M. Lodge; and President of the Conservative Association in Ontario Riding. He was interested in all things pertaining to the social and political life of Claremont and Pickering Township. Mr. Scott was a strong supporter in improving the road conditions of the Township, which at that time were in a deplorable condition and almost impassable. Later, he became closely associated with the rapid development of telephone lines in the area. Through his efforts and determination, many miles of line were built, and communication with areas that had been previously isolated was then provided with the convenience of the telephone. He attained the office of President of what later came to be known as the Home Telephone Company. In 1911, he left Lot 12, Concession 8, Pickering, to institute the Industrial Farm at Langstaff, which was a home for the rehabilitation of convicts for the Toronto area. W.G. Scott was well- suited for the position and gained great respect from the prisoners. While he was at Langstaff, Mr. William C. Ormerod took over the farm. His family included: Emerson, Howard, Edith and William. They remained until 1917, when Mr. Scott resettled on the farm. He again became active in community and political affairs. He was Reeve of Pickering Township in 1912, 1919 and 1920 and in the last year attained the high honour of being elected Warden of Ontario County. This was a well-deserved achievement as his whole life was centred around his family, his farm and the well-being of the residents of Pickering Township. JAMES UNDERHILL James Underhill was born on the seventh Concession of Pickering, son of Robert Underhill, also of Pickering Township. In March 1894, he married Rachael Wilson. Later he acquired the farm to the west of Claremont, south of the ninth Concession, remaining there until 1905. He was connected with local municipal affairs, on the school board for twenty-one years, local police Trustee Board and Township Council. He was Reeve of Pickering Township having succeeded to that position in 1904. He was an active member of the Methodist Church and a member of the Masonic Lodge. He was also a very enthusiastic curler. Mr. Underhill owned two hundred acres of land north-west of the village, of which, Mr. Wesley Lehman was in charge. He was a dealer in and breeder of Clydesdale horses and Cotswold and Shropshire sheep. Mr. and Mrs. Underhill had one daughter Clara (Mrs. Frank Carson). Remembrance Somewhere in Flanders Fields I know Where all the scarlet poppies grow And lying underneath the cross Our friends that were loved but lost. They say "Lest We Forget" How can we as we see them yet They gave their all to make us free They gave their life that we might see, The folly of this butchery. Time passes on and tears are gone But memories stay and linger on Of those who did not count the cost Of people that were loved but lost. Our children do not know or care But perhaps today they'll be aware That wars and strife will always be Unless all nations can be free. Herbert Peach. HONOUR ROLL OF CLAREMONT World War I (1914-1918) Walter Anderson Frederick Brown Roswell Carson John Dafoe Ross DeRusha Albert Emms Thomas Foster Harold Graham George Hennett Archie Hopkins Arthur Littlejohn Percy Lynn Ralph Madill William McLean Albert Peters William Shepherdson Clarence Stokes Richard Underhill World War II (1939-1945) Alvin Lehman Jack Norton Joe Norton Kenneth Evans Jim Faulkner Walter Knox Victor Prouse Ivan Purdy Henry Rasmusen Ted Rhodes "They served till death! Why not we?" BUSINESS MEN OF ALTONA 1869-70* A. Brown, Hotelkeeper E. Cliff, Carder L. Haggerman, Pumpmaker M. Key, Carpenter Joseph Monkhouse, Postmaster T. Monkhouse, Merchant S. Nighswander, Merchant Miller R. Robertson, Shoemaker J. Skene, Millwright J. Wilson, Blacksmith BUSINESS MEN OF ATHA 1869-70* Atha was a post station with John M. Bell, Postmaster BUSINESS MEN OF BALSAM 1869-70* R. Dodds, Postmaster W. Mackie, Blacksmith J. Palmer, Merchant BUSINESS MEN OF CLAREMONT 1869-70* Thomas Appleby, Butcher Mr. Astridge, Clockmaker John Brodie, Miller George Bundy, Joiner, Cabinet Maker and Undertaker J. Bundy, Tinsmith S. Bundy, Carpenter J. Digby, Harnessmaker Ambrose Dowswell, Proprietor of Claremont Hotel William Dowswell, Wagonmaker Mrs. J. Ecker, Felt and Straw Milliner Robert Eldon, Merchant John Forfar, Sawyer John Gerow, Carpenter Walter Gerow, Carpenter G. Gerow, Pumpmaker Robert Hall, Doctor Miss Selina Hall, Dressmaker Thomas Johnston, Tailor James Lindsay, Tanner Alex. Morgan, Blacksmith J. & D. Macnab, Groceries, Hardware, etc. John M. Macnab, Postmaster Duncan Macnab, of J. & D. Groceries David McCausland, Blacksmith G. McDonald, Weaver J.W. McGregor, Tub and Pail Factory Wm. McPherson, Dry Goods, Groceries & Crockery John Michell, Groceries etc. William Michell, Conveyancer John Palmer, Boot and Shoemaker Jas. Patterson, Carpenter J. Rawson, Stonemason W. Reith, Boot & Shoemaker Wm. Spencer, Carriagemaker Alex. Taylor, Clerk D. Taylor, Tanner Dugald Taylor, Boot and Shoemaker Thos. Thompson, Stonemason Wm. Watson, Tailor *The County of Ontario Directory for 1869-70 MINISTERS OF FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH — CLAREMONT 1821—1973 Elder Joshua Wixson and Elder Randall Wixson — 1821 Elder David Evans — 1851 Pastor C.P. Frise — 1857 Rev. Alex. Anderson — 1859 Rev. W. Lacey — 1862 Rev. J. Cameron — 1865 Rev. E. Sherman — 1871 Rev. T. Booker — 1873 Rev. Richardson — 1878 Rev. James Foster — 1883 Rev. E. Dadson — 1886 Rev. J.E. Trotter — 1889 Rev. J. Millard — 1891 Rev. A. White — 1892 Rev. J.J. Williams — 1900 Rev. A.R. Park — 1904 Rev. J.A. Grant — 1907 Rev. H. Wood — 1913 Rev. C.W. King — 1920 Rev. E. Osborne — 1923 Rev. H.R. Stevens — 1928 Rev. J.L. Harton — 1933 Rev. P.D. Augustine — 1935 Rev. Walter Daniel — 1940 Rev. W.H. Bexton — 1943 Rev. Leonard Wenham — 1944 Rev. George Davison — 1948 Rev. J.S. Lowden — 1955 Pastor J.A. Carnegie — 1958 Dr. H. Sidney Hillyer — 1963 Rev. F. Albert Luck — 1969 PAST MASTERS OF BROUGHAM UNION LODGE NO. 269 1872 – J.P. Campbell 1873 – Dr. D.W. Ferrier 1874 – Dr. D.W. Ferrier 1875 – George Darby 1876 – Rev. W.R. Ross 1877 – Hector Baxter 1878 – Hector Baxter 1879 – W.H. Smith 1880 – Richard Stokes 1881 – Richard Stokes 1882 – J. Palmer 1883 – J. Palmer 1884 – John McAvoy 1885 – John McAvoy 1886 – George D. Linton 1887 – George D. Linton 1888 – J. Palmer 1889 – Robert Ward 1890 – Robt. J. Price 1891 – Forr. A. Beaton 1892 – Harry Westgate 1893 – Harry Westgate 1894 – S.B. Lynde 1895 – R. Miller 1896 – Harry Westgate 1897 – W.G. Barnes 1898 – W.G. Barnes 1899 – Albert E. Major 1900 – E.J. Walsh 1901 – Dr. U.E. Bateson 1902 – W.J. Gregg 1903 – Jas. Douglas 1904 – Robt. E. Forsyth 1905 – Donald R. Beaton 1906 – Thomas Gregg 1907 – Dr. George N. Fish 1908 – T. Paterson — 1909 – Robt. S. Phillips 1910 – John Forgie 1911 – David Gregg 1912 – T.C. Brown — 1913 – Rev. W.R. Wood 1914 – G.L. Middleton 1915 – Dr. Ralph Brodie 1916 – D.M. Morgan 1917 – D.A. Scott 1918 – A.M. Smith 1919 – C.H. Found 1920 – Cecil Stony 1921 – C.S. Trueman 1922 – M.E. Morgan 1923 – M.J. Wilker — 1924 – J.A. Fleming 1925 – W.G. Bingham 1926 – Rt. W. Bro. Rev. McLellan — 1927 – G.H. Malcolm 1928 – Dr. N.F. Tomlinson 1929 – R.J. How 1930 – I.F. Dopking 1931 – Maitland Anderson 1932 – Hugh Pugh 1933 –L.T. Johnston 1934 – H.E. Turner 1935 – Fred Evans 1936 –Howard E. Beare 1937 – T.S. Graham 1938 – W.E. Johnston — 1939 – Ray McWhirter 1940 – M.B. Burk — 1941 – Hugh Michell 1942 – Alfred Pretty 1943 – H.E. Turner 1944 – Elmer Evans 1945 – S.J. Pugh 1946 – K.C. Hastings 1947 – K.B. Turner 1948 – Austin Pearce 1949 – Austin Pearce 1950 – Austin Pearce 1951 – Leslie Lye 1952 – Grant Taylor 1953 – Clifford Reynolds 1954 – R. Jackson 1955 – Harold Hopkins — 1956 – Lloyd Greig 1957 – Alvin Wilson 1958 – Lloyd Pugh — 1959 – Robert Malcolm 1960 – Edgar Ward 1961 – Edgar Ward 1962 – Wilmot Hill 1963 – Gordon Symes 1964 – Glenn Manderson 1965 – Jack Lehman 1966 – F. Hollingshead 1967 – Bruce Lehman Rt. — 1968 – Frank McAvoy 1969 – Reginald Hoskins 1970 – Kenneth Jones 1971 – Stephen Wideman 1972 – John Redshaw 1973 – Willard Peddie 1974 – James Connell (—) Very Worshipful Brother Honorary Member — V. Wor. Bro. Clarke Rawson MISSION CIRCLE LIFE MEMBERSHIPS SINCE 1920 Mrs. Gibbons, Mrs. Besse, Mrs. Found, Mrs. M. Pugh, Mrs. R. Ward, Mrs. Coates, Mrs. Castor, Mrs. Patterson, Miss S.E. Evans, Mrs. Joseph Evans, Mrs. Willison, Mrs. Ed. Evans, Mrs. Calvin Gostick, Mrs. Slack, Mrs. Stevens, Mrs. R.E. Forsyth, Mrs. Howe, Mrs. G.M. Forsyth, Mrs. Fred Ward, Mrs. Walford, Mrs. Barber, Mrs. Hammond, Mrs. Widmer Miller, Mrs. Lewis, Miss Emma Brown, Mrs. James Coates, Mrs. Morgan Hill, Mrs. Horton, Mrs. John Coates, Mrs. Lynn, Mrs. Linton, Mrs. D. Morgan, Mrs. Jones, Mrs. Esther Palmer, Mrs. Borland, Mrs. Augustine, Mrs. Ruth Middleton, Mrs. Daniel, Mrs. Edgar Ward, Mrs. Charles Gostick, Mrs. Wenham, Mrs. Warden, Mrs. Fred Morley, Mrs. Burnell, Miss Viola Forsyth, Mrs. Davison, Mrs. Stevenson, Mrs. Linton, Mrs. Hutchings, Mrs. Binstead, Mrs. Schneider. LIFE MEMBERS OF THE CLAREMONT WOMEN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY Mrs. Fleming, Mrs. Henry Johnston, Mrs. Spoffard, Mrs. T. Condy, Mrs. D.A. Scott, Mrs. W. Ward, Mrs. Readman, Mrs. David Gregg, Mrs. Ed. Gibson, Mrs. Mundell, Mrs. Farmer, Mrs. George Scott, Miss Forgie, Mrs. Rawson, Mrs. Stewart, Miss J. Young, Mrs. (Rev.) McLellan, Mrs. McLeach, Mrs. Howard, Mrs. Loyst, Mrs. Neal and Mrs. H. Mclntyre. METHODIST MINISTERS Among the first Wesleyan Methodist ministers were: Rev. Allen, Rev. Robert McKee and Rev. James Ferguson. Methodist ministers after union in 1884 included: Charles A. Simpson 1884-86; Charles J. Dobson 1887-89; James M. Simpson 1890-92; J.E. Sanderson 1893; George Browne 1894- 95; Thomas W. Leggett 1896-98; W.H. Adams 1899-02; J.W. Wilkinson 1903-05; J.W. Totten 1905-08; R. Duke 1908-11; Dr. J.W. Marvin 1911-15; J.R. Real 1915-18; William Limbert 1918-20. MANAGERS OF CLAREMONT BANK C.S. Trueman — -1925 G.J. Storey — 1925-1928 A. Aiken — 1928-1934 H. Parker — 1934-1938 A.L. Hooey — 1938-1944 W.L. Irwin — 1944-1957 Harry T. Green — 1957-1967 N.H. McConkey — 1967-1970 J.W. Gould — 1970 C.E. Hartwig — 1971 W.J. Detweiler — 1973 PRESIDENTS OF CLAREMONT LEGION A. Sutherland — 1948-1949 J. Todd — 1950 J. Norton — 1951 S. Dunning — 1952 Wm. Hicks — 1953 J. Lehman — 1954 J. Todd — 1955 R. Carruthers — 1956-1957 William Voss — 1958 F. Hollingshead — 1959 J. Rennie — 1960-1961 J. Curtis — 1962-1963 H. Hopkins — 1964-1974 PRESIDENTS OF CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE Milton Pegg — 1948-1951 Edgar Ward — 1951-1953 Allan Ellicott — 1953-1955 Lloyd Pugh — 1955-1957 Lewis Jones — 1957-1959 Allan Ellicott — 1959-1961 Lloyd Wilson — 1961-1964 Lloyd Pugh — 1964-1965 Reginald Hoskins — 1965-1966 Robert Jackson — 1966-1968 Frank Gardiner — 1968-1970 John Porter — 1970-1972 Ellis Britton — 1972 MANAGERS OF CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE Al. Robertson — 1948-1951 Arnold Mclntyre — 1951-1952 Robert MacDonald — 1952-1955 Herbert Arbuckle — 1955-1958 John Mclntyre — 1958-1961 George Pearsall — 1961-1966 Ray Gowanlock — 1966-1967 Gordon Symes — 1967-1973 Reginald Harris — 1973 AREA SUPERVISORS OF CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE Claude Brillinger, Clifford Salmon, Lloyd Ackert, and Frank Tumon. DIRECTORS OF CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE Heber Down, Frank Chapman, Walter Symes, Ralph Faulkner-Secretary to the Board for 26 years, Raymond Stickwood, Kenneth Holiday, Percy Jones, Ralph Jones, Cecil Disney, John Hamer, Arthur Wideman, James Teefy, Orval Fretz, Edgar Evans, Grant Hill, Stanley Lynde, Grant Parrott, William Hopkins, Kenneth Stickwood, Aubrey Carson, Carl Wilson, N.D. Hogg. EMPLOYEES OF CLAREMONT CO-OPERATIVE Al Robertson — served 26 years, first as Manager, then as builder, repair man, electrician, mechanic, furnace installer and maintenance man. His work has been of inestimable value to the Co-Op. Gordon Symes — served 18 years, the last 6 as Manager. Frank Collins — served 17 years, grinding and mixing feeds. Gordon Spenceley — served 14 years, trucking and delivering. Allan Redshaw — served 10 years, trucking and as clerk in the store. Arthur Maxwell — served 6 years as clerk in the store. Ronald Evans — served 6 years trucking and applying fertilizers. Bookkeepers — Bernice Ward, Lorraine McCleod, Jean Norton, Nancy Loyst, Doreen Carruthers and Marion Benson. JUNIOR FARMER PRESIDENTS FROM THIS AREA Hugh Miller — 1946 Frank Barkey — 1961 Grant Carson — 1962 Aubrey Carson — 1963 Murray Jones — 1964 Murray Carson — 1965 David Hawthorne — 1967 John Wilson — 1968 Kenneth Stickwood — 1969 James Wilson — 1970 Brian Stickwood — 1971 William McAvoy — 1973 Kenneth Wilson — 1974 CLAREMONT WOMEN'S INSTITUTE — PRESIDENTS Mrs. C.J. Brodie — 1909 Mrs. G.M. Forsyth — 1913-1916 Miss Jennie Forgie — 1916 Mrs. R.E. Forsyth — 1917 Mrs. Peters — 1918 Mrs. G.M. Forsyth — 1919-1920 Mrs. David Gregg — 1921 Miss Sarah Edwards — 1922 Mrs. G.M. Forsyth — 1923 Miss Clara Underhill — 1924-1925 Mrs. David Gregg — 1926-1927 Mrs. Kilpatrick — 1928-1931 Mrs. G.M. Forsyth — 1931-1933 Mrs. F. Loyst — 1933-1934 Mrs. R.E. Forsyth — 1934-1939 Mrs. Mclntyre — 1939-1945 Mrs. Henry Johnson — 1945-1949 Mrs. J. Badgerow — 1949-1952 Mrs. G. McConnell — 1952-1954 Mrs. J. Peddie — 1954-1956 Mrs. Lloyd Pugh — 1956-1958 Mrs. Grant Taylor — 1958-1959 Mrs. Melvin Johnson — 1959-1961 Mrs. R. Jackson — 1961-1963 Mrs. Anonby — 1963-1965 Mrs. William Wallace — 1965-1966 Mrs. Ellis Britton — 1966 CLAREMONT WOMEN'S INSTITUTE — SECRETARIES Miss S.E. Evans — 1909-31 (22 yrs.) Miss Clara Underhill (Mrs. Frank Carson) — 1931-35 Mrs. Russell Pilkey — 1935-37 Miss S.E. Evans — 1937-39 Mrs. Hooey — 1939-42 Mrs. Wesley Lehman — 1943-46 Mrs. John Badgerow — 1946-49 Mrs. R. Torrance — 1954-60 Mrs. Jack Ward — 1960-61 Mrs. Gordon Gauslin — 1961-64 Mrs. W.R. Evans — 1964-68 Mrs. James Peddie — 1968- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of this history of the Claremont Area has been a combined effort of the people involved and the writer. Much as it has been a "labour of love" on my part, I have had to rely on many others for information and contributions, particularly when it concerned the lives and happenings of local residents and their ancestors. I am primarily indebted to a very good friend, Miss Frances Gray of Toronto, who has taken a personal interest in the book and helped with both the editing and the typing. The Honourable William G. Newman, Minister of the Environment for the Province of Ontario, took the time from his busy life to write the foreword. My thanks are extended to Dr. N.F. Tomlinson, who has been a great source of inspiration and co-operation from the beginning — his donations of pictures and material have been invaluable; also to Mrs. Frank Carson, Mrs. Elmer Wilson, and Mr. Robert Miller for their interest and assistance; to Miss Ruth Hoskins for her research; to Mr. John Grosart for setting up the book and Mr. George Smith for the maps; to Mr. Frank Ball, of the Alger Press, who offered many useful suggestions toward improving the book; to Mr. A.B. Chamberlain and Mrs. Jane Buckles for their illustrations; and to Mrs. Ruth Mitchell, Mr. Herbert Peach and Mr. Angus Smart, who contributed their poetry. I would like to express my thanks to Mr. James Reynolds for his artwork on the cover and to Mrs. Jean Benns for the loan of the painting of Claremont Station, which was the work of her husband, Mr. Philip Benns. I also acknowledge the assistance of Professor David M. Hayne, University of Toronto, Mrs. Harry Porter, and Mrs. Richard Ward in the reading of the manuscript. Mr. George Ross, of Stouffville, laboured long in developing the many pictures that were collected. I am grateful to him and also to Mr. Edward (Ted) Cadieux, who helped with the pictures at the beginning. Nothing could have been accomplished without the work of many individuals who contributed information — some sent pictures and notes about their family histories and others wrote articles that were used: Mr. Milton Pegg, Mrs. Bernard Burnell, Miss Viola Forsyth, Mr. Lorne Jones, the Rev. Mr. George Davison, Mrs. Jack Ward, and others. I have acquired a great deal of information firsthand, and have spent many enjoyable hours visiting older residents of the area who were most anxious to talk about the good old days. Last of all, I would like to thank my family who endured my preoccupation in historical research for these past few years. Without their cooperation it would have been impossible. 305 BOOKS OF REFERENCE USED IN FROM PATHS TO PLANES Past Years in Pickering .................................... Rev. W.R. Wood Claremont Tweedsmuir History ............ Claremont Women's Institute Altona Tweedsmuir History ..................... Altona Women's Institute Claremont, Past and Present ..................... Mrs. G.M. Forsyth 1938 Greenwood through the years 1960 ........ The Greenwood Farm Forum The Pickering Story ................................ Rev. William A. McKay Along the Sideroad ............................................... Dean Hughes The Ontario Village of Brougham Past! Present! Future? ........................................ Robert Miller The Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario 1877 .............. J.H. Beers & Co. Toronto Minute Books .................................... Organizations in Claremont Family Histories (Pughs and Evans) ........................ Mabel Edwards Family Histories (Jones) .......................................... Lorne Jones - Muriel I. Pugh The Life and Times of Joseph Gould ........................ W.H. Higgins The Hundredth Anniversary Brougham Union Lodge, A.F. & A.M. 306